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Python 查看文件的读写权限方法

时间:2021-01-08 00:15     来源/作者:_Black铁木真

实例如下:

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# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
# @author flynetcn
import sys, os, pwd, stat, datetime;
LOG_FILE = '/var/log/checkDirPermission.log';
nginxWritableDirs = [
'/var/log/nginx',
'/usr/local/www/var',
];
otherReadableDirs = [
'/var/log/nginx',
'/usr/local/www/var/log',
];
dirs = [];
files = [];
def logger(level, str):
    logFd = open(LOG_FILE, 'a');
    logFd.write(datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S.%f')+": "+("WARNING " if level else "NOTICE ")+str);
    logFd.close();
def walktree(top, callback):
    for f in os.listdir(top):
        pathname = os.path.join(top, f);
        mode = os.stat(pathname).st_mode;
        if stat.S_ISDIR(mode):
            callback(pathname, True);
            walktree(pathname, callback);
        elif stat.S_ISREG(mode):
            callback(pathname, False);
        else:
            logger(1, "walktree skipping %s\n" % (pathname));
def collectPath(path, isDir=False):
    if isDir:
        dirs.append(path);
    else:
        files.append(path);
    
def checkNginxWritableDirs(paths):
    uid = pwd.getpwnam('nginx').pw_uid;
    gid = pwd.getpwnam('nginx').pw_gid;
    for d in paths:
        dstat = os.stat(d);
        if dstat.st_uid != uid:
            try:
                os.chown(d, uid, gid);
            except:
                logger(1, "chown(%s, nginx, nginx) failed\n" % (d));
def checkOtherReadableDirs(paths, isDir=False):
    for d in paths:
        dstat = os.stat(d);
        if isDir:
            checkMode = 5;
            willBeMode = dstat.st_mode | stat.S_IROTH | stat.S_IXOTH;
        else:
            checkMode = 4;
            willBeMode = dstat.st_mode | stat.S_IROTH;
        if int(oct(dstat.st_mode)[-1:]) & checkMode != checkMode:
            try:
                    os.chmod(d, willBeMode);
            except:
                logger(1, "chmod(%s, %d) failed\n" % (d, oct(willBeMode)));
if __name__ == "__main__":
    for d in nginxWritableDirs:
        walktree(d, collectPath)
    dirs = dirs + files;
    checkNginxWritableDirs(dirs);
    dirs = [];
    files = [];
    for d in otherReadableDirs:
        walktree(d, collectPath)
    checkOtherReadableDirs(dirs, True);
    checkOtherReadableDirs(files, False);

os.chmod(path,mode) 这个方法应该很简单,只需要2个参数,一个是路径,一个是说明路径的模式,下面列出了这个用法中可以使用的一些常用的模式:

stat.S_ISUID: Set user ID on execution. 不常用

stat.S_ISGID: Set group ID on execution. 不常用

stat.S_ENFMT: Record locking enforced. 不常用

stat.S_ISVTX: Save text image after execution. 在执行之后保存文字和图片

stat.S_IREAD: Read by owner. 对于拥有者读的权限

stat.S_IWRITE: Write by owner. 对于拥有者写的权限

stat.S_IEXEC: Execute by owner. 对于拥有者执行的权限

stat.S_IRWXU: Read, write, and execute by owner. 对于拥有者读写执行的权限

stat.S_IRUSR: Read by owner. 对于拥有者读的权限

stat.S_IWUSR: Write by owner. 对于拥有者写的权限

stat.S_IXUSR: Execute by owner. 对于拥有者执行的权限

stat.S_IRWXG: Read, write, and execute by group. 对于同组的人读写执行的权限

stat.S_IRGRP: Read by group. 对于同组读的权限

stat.S_IWGRP: Write by group. 对于同组写的权限

stat.S_IXGRP: Execute by group. 对于同组执行的权限

stat.S_IRWXO: Read, write, and execute by others. 对于其他组读写执行的权限

stat.S_IROTH: Read by others. 对于其他组读的权限

stat.S_IWOTH: Write by others. 对于其他组写的权限

stat.S_IXOTH: Execute by others. 对于其他组执行的权限

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>>> os.stat('test')
posix.stat_result(st_mode=33204, st_ino=93328670, st_dev=18L, st_nlink=1, st_uid=30448, st_gid=1000, st_size=0, st_atime=1445932321, st_mtime=1445932321, st_ctime=1445932321)
>>> os.stat('test').st_mode
33204
>>> oct(os.stat('test').st_mode)
'0100664'
>>> oct(os.stat('test').st_mode)[-3:]
'664'

以上这篇Python 查看文件读写权限方法就是小编分享给大家的全部内容了,希望能给大家一个参考,也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。

原文链接:http://blog.csdn.net/blackmanren/article/details/49449755

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