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JDBC实现数据库增删改查功能

时间:2021-09-26 00:54     来源/作者:跑起来要带风!

JDBC,简单点来说,就是用Java操作数据库,下面简单介绍怎么实现数据库的增删改查功能。

1、添加数据

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package cn.itcast.jdbc;
 
import java.sql.*;
 
public class JdbcDemo2 {
 
    public static void main(String[] args) {
 
        Connection connection = null;
        PreparedStatement preparedStatement = null;
 
        try {
            //1、注册驱动
            Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
            //2、定义sql
            String sql = "insert into course values(?,?,?)";
            //3、获取Connection对象
            //student表示你要操作的数据库
            //如果是locakhost:3306,也可以简写为"jdbc:mysql:///student"
            connection = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/student","root","root");
            //4、获取执行sql的对象
            preparedStatement = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
            //传入参数
            preparedStatement.setInt(1,5);
            preparedStatement.setString(2,"JavaWeb");
            preparedStatement.setInt(3,88);
            //5、执行sql
            int count = preparedStatement.executeUpdate();
            //6、处理结果
            System.out.println(count);
            if (count > 0) {
                System.out.println("添加成功");
            } else {
                System.out.println("添加失败");
            }
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            //7、释放资源
            //避免空指针异常
            if (preparedStatement != null) {
                try {
                    preparedStatement.close();
                } catch (SQLException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            if (connection != null) {
                try {
                    connection.close();
                } catch (SQLException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

2、删除数据

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package cn.itcast.jdbc;
 
import java.sql.*;
 
public class JdbcDemo4 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Connection connection = null;
        PreparedStatement preparedStatement = null;
        try {
            //1、注册驱动
            Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
 
            //2、获取连接对象
            connection = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/student","root","root");
 
            //3、定义sql
            String sql = "delete from course where cno = ?";
 
            //4、获取执行sql对象
            preparedStatement = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
            preparedStatement.setInt(1,5);
 
            //5、执行sql
            int count = preparedStatement.executeUpdate();
 
            //6、处理结果
            System.out.println(count);
            if (count > 0) {
                System.out.println("删除成功");
            } else {
                System.out.println("删除失败");
            }
 
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            //7、释放资源
            if (preparedStatement != null) {
                try {
                    preparedStatement.close();
                } catch (SQLException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            if (connection != null) {
                try {
                    connection.close();
                } catch (SQLException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
 
    }
}

3、修改数据

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package cn.itcast.jdbc;
 
import java.sql.*;
 
public class JdbcDemo3 {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Connection connection = null;
        PreparedStatement preparedStatement = null;
        try {
            //1、注册驱动
            Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
 
            //2、获取连接对象
            connection = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/student", "root", "root");
 
            //3、定义sql
            String sql = "update course set period = ? where cno = ?";
 
            //4、获取执行sql对象
            preparedStatement = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
            //设置参数
            preparedStatement.setInt(1,90);
            preparedStatement.setInt(2,1);
 
 
            //5、执行sql
            int count = preparedStatement.executeUpdate();
 
            //6、处理结果
            System.out.println(count);
            if (count > 0) {
                System.out.println("修改成功!");
            } else {
                System.out.println("修改失败!");
            }
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            //7、释放资源
            if (preparedStatement != null) {
                try {
                    preparedStatement.close();
                } catch (SQLException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            if (connection != null) {
                try {
                    connection.close();
                } catch (SQLException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
 
    }
}

4、查询数据

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package cn.itcast.jdbc;
 
import cn.itcast.domain.Course;
 
import java.sql.*;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
 
public class JDBCDemo5 {
 
    /**
     * 查询所有Course对象
     * @return
     */
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Connection connection = null;
        PreparedStatement preparedStatement = null;
        ResultSet resultSet = null;
        List<Course> list = null;
        try {
            //1、注册驱动
            Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
            //2、获取连接
            connection = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/student", "root", "root");
 
            //3、定义sql
            String sql = "select * from course";
            //4、获取执行sql的对象
            preparedStatement = connection.prepareStatement(sql);
            //5、执行sql
            resultSet = preparedStatement.executeQuery();
            //6、遍历结果集,封装对象,装载集合
            Course course = null;
            list = new ArrayList<Course>();
            while (resultSet.next()) {
                //获取数据
                int cno = resultSet.getInt("cno");
                String cname = resultSet.getString("cname");
                int period = resultSet.getInt("period");
                //创建Course对象并赋值
                course = new Course();
                course.setCno(cno);
                course.setCname(cname);
                course.setPeriod(period);
                //装载集合
                list.add(course);
 
            }
        } catch (ClassNotFoundException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (SQLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (resultSet != null) {
                try {
                    resultSet.close();
                } catch (SQLException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            if (preparedStatement != null) {
                try {
                    preparedStatement.close();
                } catch (SQLException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
            if (connection != null) {
                try {
                    connection.close();
                } catch (SQLException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
        System.out.println(list);
    }
 
}

我们可以发现,增删改的操作基本都是差不多的语句,且执行sql的语句都是一样的,都是preparedStatement.executeUpdate()。但查询操作就有所不同了,返回的是一个结果集,且执行sql的语句就是preparedStatement.executeQuery()。

以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。

原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_44668898/article/details/107410812

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