概述
@SpringBootTest注解是SpringBoot自1.4.0版本开始引入的一个用于测试的注解。基本用法如下:
1. 添加Maven依赖
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< properties > < project.build.sourceEncoding >UTF-8</ project.build.sourceEncoding > </ properties > < parent > < groupId >org.springframework.boot</ groupId > < artifactId >spring-boot-starter-parent</ artifactId > < version >1.5.6.RELEASE</ version > </ parent > < dependencies > < dependency > < groupId >org.springframework.boot</ groupId > < artifactId >spring-boot-starter-web</ artifactId > </ dependency > < dependency > < groupId >org.springframework.boot</ groupId > < artifactId >spring-boot-starter-test</ artifactId > </ dependency > </ dependencies > < build > < plugins > < plugin > < groupId >org.springframework.boot</ groupId > < artifactId >spring-boot-maven-plugin</ artifactId > </ plugin > </ plugins > </ build > |
2. 编写启动入口类
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@SpringBootApplication public class StartUpApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(StartUpApplication. class , args); } } |
3. 编写Controller类
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@RestController public class HelloController { @RequestMapping ( "/" ) public String index() { return "Hello Spring Boot,Index!" ; } @RequestMapping (value = "/test" , method = RequestMethod.GET) public String test() { return "Spring Boot Test Demo!" ; } } |
4. 编写测试类
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@RunWith (SpringRunner. class ) @SpringBootTest (classes = StartUpApplication. class , webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT) public class HelloControllerTest { /** * @LocalServerPort 提供了 @Value("${local.server.port}") 的代替 */ @LocalServerPort private int port; private URL base; @Autowired private TestRestTemplate restTemplate; @Before public void setUp() throws Exception { String url = String.format( "http://localhost:%d/" , port); System.out.println(String.format( "port is : [%d]" , port)); this .base = new URL(url); } /** * 向"/test"地址发送请求,并打印返回结果 * @throws Exception */ @Test public void test1() throws Exception { ResponseEntity<String> response = this .restTemplate.getForEntity( this .base.toString() + "/test" , String. class , "" ); System.out.println(String.format( "测试结果为:%s" , response.getBody())); } |
其中,classes属性指定启动类,SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT经常和测试类中@LocalServerPort一起在注入属性时使用。会随机生成一个端口号。
总结
我们发现,随着Spring boot 版本的提升,单元测试变得更简单了。
到此这篇关于使用@SpringBootTest注解进行单元测试的文章就介绍到这了,更多相关@SpringBootTest 单元测试内容请搜索服务器之家以前的文章或继续浏览下面的相关文章希望大家以后多多支持服务器之家!
原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/limenghua9112/article/details/79694849