使用Python进行MySQL的库主要有三个,Python-MySQL(更熟悉的名字可能是MySQLdb),PyMySQL和SQLAlchemy。
Python-MySQL资格最老,核心由C语言打造,接口精炼,性能最棒,缺点是环境依赖较多,安装复杂,近两年已停止更新,只支持Python2,不支持Python3。
PyMySQL为替代Python-MySQL而生,纯python打造,接口与Python-MySQL兼容,安装方便,支持Python3。
SQLAlchemy是一个ORM框架,它并不提供底层的数据库操作,而是要借助于MySQLdb、PyMySQL等第三方库来完成,目前SQLAlchemy在Web编程领域应用广泛。
本文主要介绍PyMySQL的正确使用方法,示例代码都是选自实战项目。
安装
简单的方式:
1
|
pip install pymysql |
如果无法联网,需要进行离线安装,例如:
1
|
pip install pymysql - x.x.x.tar.gz |
导入
1
|
import pymysql |
连接
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
|
def connect_wxremit_db(): return pymysql.connect(host = '10.123.5.28' , port = 3306 , user = 'root' , password = 'root1234' , database = 'db_name' , charset = 'latin1' ) |
查询
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
|
def query_country_name(cc2): sql_str = ( "SELECT Fcountry_name_zh" + " FROM t_country_code" + " WHERE Fcountry_2code='%s'" % (cc2)) logging.info(sql_str) con = mysql_api.connect_wxremit_db() cur = con.cursor() cur.execute(sql_str) rows = cur.fetchall() cur.close() con.close() assert len (rows) = = 1 , 'Fatal error: country_code does not exists!' return rows[ 0 ][ 0 ] |
简单插入
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
|
def insert_file_rec( self , file_name, file_md5): con = mysql_api.connect_wxremit_db() cur = con.cursor() try : sql_str = ( "INSERT INTO t_forward_file (Ffile_name, Ffile_md5)" , + " VALUES ('%s', '%s')" % (file_name, file_md5)) cur.execute(sql_str) con.commit() except : con.rollback() logging.exception( 'Insert operation error' ) raise finally : cur.close() con.close() |
批量插入
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
|
remit_ids = [( '1234' , 'CAD' ), ( '5678' , 'HKD' )] con = mysql_api.connect_wxremit_db() cur = con.cursor() try : cur.executemany( "INSERT INTO t_order (Fremit_id, Fcur_type, Fcreate_time" + " VALUES (%s, %s, now())" , new_items) assert cur.rowcount = = len (remit_ids), 'my error message' con.commit() except Exception as e: con.rollback() logging.exception( 'Insert operation error' ) finally : cur.close() con.close() |
更新
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
|
def update_refund_trans( self , remit_id): con = mysql_api.connect_wxremit_db() cur = con.cursor() try : sql_str = ( "SELECT Fremit_id" + " FROM t_wxrefund_trans" + " WHERE Fremit_id='%s'" % remit_id + " FOR UPDATE" ) logging.info(sql_str) cur.execute(sql_str) assert cur.rowcount = = 1 , 'Fatal error: The wx-refund record be deleted!' sql_str = ( "UPDATE t_wxrefund_trans" + " SET Fcheck_amount_flag=1" + ", Fmodify_time=now()" + " WHERE Fremit_id='%s'" % remit_id logging.info(sql_str) cur.execute(sql_str) assert cur.rowcount = = 1 , 'The number of affected rows not equal to 1' con.commit() except : con.rollback() logging.exception( 'Update operation error' ) raise finally : cur.close() con.close() |
PyMySQL已经相当成熟,和Python-MySQL一样,它在很多Linux发行版本中都是可选的安装组件。
感谢阅读,希望能帮助到大家,谢谢大家对本站的支持!
原文链接:https://www.qcloud.com/community/article/687813