本文提供了实现ios实现输入验证码、密码按位分割的一种思路,分享给大家供大家参考,希望与大家共同交流。
一、实现思路
1、思路描述
- 自定义一个view,继承自uiview
- 在view中添加子控件textfield,backgroundimageview,label
- 将验证码/密码的内容绘制到label的指定区域(计算得到),所以label要自定义,在drawrect方法中绘制验证码
- 使用一个属性securetextentry,来控制显示验证码(显示真实的数字)或密码(显示圆点)
2、视图中的子控件
- textfield:只负责弹出键盘,获取键盘输入的数据;不用于演示键盘输入的内容,实际是隐藏的
- backgroundimageview:显示实现分割效果的背景图片
- label:显示验证码或密码的内容
3、控件之间的关系
如图:
- 编号“1”:父视图(vertificationcodeinputview)
- 编号“2”:子视图(textfield)
- 编号“3”:子视图(backgroundimageview)
- 编号“4”:子视图(label)
- 图片来源于xcode的调试工具
层级关系
- label用于显示验证码的内容,必须在最上边
- backgroundimageview显示背景图片,所以必须在label的后边,且可以显示出来
二、实现效果
密码输入效果
验证码输入效果
三、实现步骤
代码结构
如图:
1、idvertificationcodeinputview(编号“1”视图)的的属性
公有属性(vertificationcodeinputview的相关属性)
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@interface idvertificationcodeinputview : uiview /**背景图片*/ @property (nonatomic, copy) nsstring *backgroudimagename; /**验证码/密码的位数*/ @property (nonatomic, assign) nsinteger numberofvertificationcode; /**控制验证码/密码是否密文显示*/ @property (nonatomic, assign) bool securetextentry; /**验证码/密码内容,可以通过该属性拿到验证码/密码输入框中验证码/密码的内容*/ @property (nonatomic, copy) nsstring *vertificationcode; @end |
私有属性(vertificationcodeinputview的子控件)
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@interface idvertificationcodeinputview () <uitextfielddelegate> /**用于获取键盘输入的内容,实际不显示*/ @property (nonatomic, strong) uitextfield *textfield; /**验证码/密码输入框的背景图片*/ @property (nonatomic, strong) uiimageview *backgroundimageview; /**实际用于显示验证码/密码的label*/ @property (nonatomic, strong) idlabel *label; @end |
2、idlabel(编号“4”视图)的属性
公有属性
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@interface idlabel : uilabel /**验证码/密码的位数*/ @property (nonatomic, assign) nsinteger numberofvertificationcode; /**控制验证码/密码是否密文显示*/ @property (nonatomic, assign) bool securetextentry; @end |
3、业务逻辑
vertificationcodeinputview的初始化
- 设置验证码/密码的默认位数(4位),添加textfield和label
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- (instancetype)initwithframe:(cgrect)frame { if (self = [super initwithframe:frame]) { // 设置透明背景色,保证vertificationcodeinputview显示的frame为backgroundimageview的frame self.backgroundcolor = [uicolor clearcolor]; // 设置验证码/密码的位数默认为四位 self.numberofvertificationcode = 4; /* 调出键盘的textfield */ self.textfield = [[uitextfield alloc] initwithframe:self.bounds]; // 隐藏textfield,通过点击idvertificationcodeinputview使其成为第一响应者,来弹出键盘 self.textfield.hidden = yes; self.textfield.keyboardtype = uikeyboardtypenumberpad; self.textfield.delegate = self; // 将textfield放到最后边 [self insertsubview:self.textfield atindex:0]; /* 添加用于显示验证码/密码的label */ self.label = [[idlabel alloc] initwithframe:self.bounds]; self.label.numberofvertificationcode = self.numberofvertificationcode; self.label.securetextentry = self.securetextentry; self.label.font = self.textfield.font; [self addsubview:self.label]; } return self; } |
- 若设置了背景图片,需要将backgroundimageview添加进vertificationcodeinputview
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- ( void )setbackgroudimagename:(nsstring *)backgroudimagename { _backgroudimagename = backgroudimagename; // 若用户设置了背景图片,则添加背景图片 self.backgroundimageview = [[uiimageview alloc] initwithframe:self.bounds]; self.backgroundimageview.image = [uiimage imagenamed:self.backgroudimagename]; // 将背景图片插入到label的后边,避免遮挡验证码/密码的显示 [self insertsubview:self.backgroundimageview belowsubview:self.label]; } |
- 若设置了验证码/密码的位数,和是否密文显示,则需要保持label中相应属性与vertificationcodeinputview中一致
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- ( void )setnumberofvertificationcode:(nsinteger)numberofvertificationcode { _numberofvertificationcode = numberofvertificationcode; // 保持label的验证码/密码位数与idvertificationcodeinputview一致,此时label一定已经被创建 self.label.numberofvertificationcode = _numberofvertificationcode; } - ( void )setsecuretextentry:( bool )securetextentry { _securetextentry = securetextentry; self.label.securetextentry = _securetextentry; } |
4、弹出键盘,并接收键盘输入的字符
弹出键盘
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- ( void )touchesbegan:(nsset<uitouch *> *)touches withevent:(uievent *)event { [self.textfield becomefirstresponder]; } |
接收键盘输入的字符
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- ( bool )textfield:(uitextfield *)textfield shouldchangecharactersinrange:(nsrange)range replacementstring:(nsstring *)string { // 判断是不是“删除”字符 if (string.length != 0) { // 不是“删除”字符 // 判断验证码/密码的位数是否达到预定的位数 if (textfield.text.length < self.numberofvertificationcode) { self.label.text = [textfield.text stringbyappendingstring:string]; self.vertificationcode = self.label.text; return yes; } else { return no; } } else { // 是“删除”字符 self.label.text = [textfield.text substringtoindex:textfield.text.length - 1]; self.vertificationcode = self.label.text; return yes; } } |
5、绘制验证码/密码(idlabel)
手动调用drawrect方法
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//重写settext方法,当text改变时手动调用drawrect方法,将text的内容按指定的格式绘制到label上 - ( void )settext:(nsstring *)text { [super settext:text]; // 手动调用drawrect方法 [self setneedsdisplay]; } |
绘制验证码/密码
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// 按照指定的格式绘制验证码/密码 - ( void )drawrect:(cgrect)rect { //计算每位验证码/密码的所在区域的宽和高 float width = rect.size.width / ( float )self.numberofvertificationcode;; float height = rect.size.height; // 将每位验证码/密码绘制到指定区域 for ( int i = 0; i < self.text.length; i++) { // 计算每位验证码/密码的绘制区域 cgrect temprect = cgrectmake(i * width, 0, width, height); if (self.securetextentry) { // 密码,显示圆点 uiimage *dotimage = [uiimage imagenamed:@ "dot" ]; // 计算圆点的绘制区域 cgpoint securitydotdrawstartpoint = cgpointmake(width * i + (width - dotimage.size.width) / 2.0, (temprect.size.height - dotimage.size.height) / 2.0); // 绘制圆点 [dotimage drawatpoint:securitydotdrawstartpoint]; } else { // 验证码,显示数字 // 遍历验证码/密码的每个字符 nsstring *charecterstring = [nsstring stringwithformat:@ "%c" , [self.text characteratindex:i]]; // 设置验证码/密码的现实属性 nsmutabledictionary *attributes = [[nsmutabledictionary alloc] init]; attributes[nsfontattributename] = self.font; // 计算每位验证码/密码的绘制起点(为了使验证码/密码位于temprect的中部,不应该从temprect的重点开始绘制) // 计算每位验证码/密码的在指定样式下的size cgsize charactersize = [charecterstring sizewithattributes:attributes]; cgpoint vertificationcodedrawstartpoint = cgpointmake(width * i + (width - charactersize.width) / 2.0, (temprect.size.height - charactersize.height) / 2.0); // 绘制验证码/密码 [charecterstring drawatpoint:vertificationcodedrawstartpoint withattributes:attributes]; } } } |
6、使用示例
在控制器中创建,并设置vertificationcodeinputview相关属性
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- ( void )viewdidload { [super viewdidload]; self.view.backgroundcolor = [uicolor lightgraycolor]; self.vertificationcodeinputview = [[idvertificationcodeinputview alloc] initwithframe:cgrectmake(50, 250, 200, 45)]; self.vertificationcodeinputview.backgroudimagename = @ "1" ; // 验证码(显示数字) self.vertificationcodeinputview.securetextentry = no; //self.vertificationcodeinputview.securetextentry = yes; [self.view addsubview:self.vertificationcodeinputview]; } |
点击屏幕,打印验证码的内容
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- ( void )touchesbegan:(nsset<uitouch *> *)touches withevent:(uievent *)event { nslog(@ "%@" , self.vertificationcodeinputview.vertificationcode); } |
以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助。