CentOS7.8安装mysql 8.0.20的教程详解

一、安装mysql软件

下载并安装MySQL官方的 Yum Repository,Mysql版本8.0.20

1 2	`wget -i -c` `http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm`

下载后直接yum安装

1	`yum -y install mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch.rpm`

安装MySQL服务器

1	`yum -y install mysql-community-server`

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									[root@CentOS Linux]# yum -y install mysql-community-server

									Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks

									Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

									 * base: mirror.lzu.edu.cn

									 * extras: mirror.lzu.edu.cn

									 * updates: mirror.lzu.edu.cn

									mysql-connectors-community            | 2.5 kB 00:00:00  

									mysql-tools-community             | 2.5 kB 00:00:00  

									mysql80-community              | 2.5 kB 00:00:00  

									(1/3): mysql-connectors-community/x86_64/primary_db      | 57 kB 00:00:00  

									mysql-tools-community/x86_64/p FAILED           B 00:51:07 ETA 

									http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-tools-community/el/7/x86_64/repodata/12bd1e8730cd532791529877bf5e7babbbb02879-primary.sqlite.bz2: [Errno 12] Timeout on http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-tools-community/el/7/x86_64/repodata/12bd1e8730cd532791529877bf5e7babbbb02879-primary.sqlite.bz2: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds')

									Trying other mirror.

									(2/3): mysql-tools-community/x86_64/primary_db       | 72 kB 00:00:00  

									mysql80-community/x86_64/prima FAILED           B 00:00:15 ETA 

									http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-8.0-community/el/7/x86_64/repodata/833c637b3989c2dd5a079a045177d2f1c96e9c1e-primary.sqlite.bz2: [Errno 12] Timeout on http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-8.0-community/el/7/x86_64/repodata/833c637b3989c2dd5a079a045177d2f1c96e9c1e-primary.sqlite.bz2: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds')

									Trying other mirror.

									(3/3): mysql80-community/x86_64/primary_db        | 107 kB 00:00:00  

									Resolving Dependencies

									--> Running transaction check

									---> Package mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:8.0.20-1.el7 will be installed

									--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-common(x86-64) = 8.0.20-1.el7 for package: mysql-community-server-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64

									--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-client(x86-64) >= 8.0.11 for package: mysql-community-server-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64

									--> Running transaction check

									---> Package mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:8.0.20-1.el7 will be installed

									--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-libs(x86-64) >= 8.0.11 for package: mysql-community-client-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64

									---> Package mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:8.0.20-1.el7 will be installed

									--> Running transaction check

									---> Package mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.65-1.el7 will be obsoleted

									--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.18()(64bit) for package: 2:postfix-2.10.1-9.el7.x86_64

									--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.18(libmysqlclient_18)(64bit) for package: 2:postfix-2.10.1-9.el7.x86_64

									---> Package mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:8.0.20-1.el7 will be obsoleting

									--> Running transaction check

									---> Package mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_64 0:8.0.20-1.el7 will be obsoleting

									--> Finished Dependency Resolution

									Dependencies Resolved

									===============================================================================================

									 Package       Arch  Version    Repository    Size

									===============================================================================================

									Installing:

									 mysql-community-libs    x86_64  8.0.20-1.el7  mysql80-community  4.5 M

									  replacing mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.65-1.el7

									 mysql-community-libs-compat  x86_64  8.0.20-1.el7  mysql80-community  1.2 M

									  replacing mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.65-1.el7

									 mysql-community-server   x86_64  8.0.20-1.el7  mysql80-community  488 M

									Installing for dependencies:

									 mysql-community-client   x86_64  8.0.20-1.el7  mysql80-community  47 M

									 mysql-community-common   x86_64  8.0.20-1.el7  mysql80-community  609 k

									Transaction Summary

									===============================================================================================

									Install 3 Packages (+2 Dependent packages)

									Total download size: 541 M

									Is this ok [y/d/N]: y

									Downloading packages:

									warning: /var/cache/yum/x86_64/7/mysql80-community/packages/mysql-community-common-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY

									Public key for mysql-community-common-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm is not installed

									(1/5): mysql-community-common-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm     | 609 kB 00:00:00  

									(2/5): mysql-community-libs-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm      | 4.5 MB 00:00:13  

									(3/5): mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm    | 1.2 MB 00:00:04  

									mysql-community-client-8.0.20- FAILED           B 00:22:23 ETA 

									http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-8.0-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-client-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: [Errno 12] Timeout on http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-8.0-community/el/7/x86_64/mysql-community-client-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: (28, 'Operation too slow. Less than 1000 bytes/sec transferred the last 30 seconds')

									Trying other mirror.

									(4/5): mysql-community-server-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm     | 488 MB 00:22:18  

									(5/5): mysql-community-client-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm     | 47 MB 00:01:57  

									-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

									Total               376 kB/s | 541 MB 00:24:34  

									Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

									Importing GPG key 0x5072E1F5:

									 Userid  : "MySQL Release Engineering <mysql-build@oss.oracle.com>"

									 Fingerprint: a4a9 4068 76fc bd3c 4567 70c8 8c71 8d3b 5072 e1f5

									 Package : mysql80-community-release-el7-3.noarch (installed)

									 From  : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql

									Is this ok [y/N]: y 

									Running transaction check

									Running transaction test

									Transaction test succeeded

									Running transaction

									Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum.

									 Installing : mysql-community-common-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64         1/6 

									 Installing : mysql-community-libs-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64         2/6 

									 Installing : mysql-community-client-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64         3/6 

									 Installing : mysql-community-server-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64         4/6 

									 Installing : mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64        5/6 

									 Erasing : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.65-1.el7.x86_64           6/6 

									 Verifying : mysql-community-libs-compat-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64        1/6 

									 Verifying : mysql-community-common-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64         2/6 

									 Verifying : mysql-community-server-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64         3/6 

									 Verifying : mysql-community-client-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64         4/6 

									 Verifying : mysql-community-libs-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64         5/6 

									 Verifying : 1:mariadb-libs-5.5.65-1.el7.x86_64           6/6 

									Installed:

									 mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:8.0.20-1.el7             

									 mysql-community-libs-compat.x86_64 0:8.0.20-1.el7           

									 mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:8.0.20-1.el7             

									Dependency Installed:

									 mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:8.0.20-1.el7 mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:8.0.20-1.el7 

									Replaced:

									 mariadb-libs.x86_64 1:5.5.65-1.el7 

									Complete!

安装完成后就会覆盖掉之前的mariadb

二、配置Mysql数据库

启动MySQL

1	`systemctl start mysqld.service`

查看MySQL运行状态

1	`systemctl status mysqld.service`

									● mysqld.service - MySQL Server

									 Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)

									 Active: active (running) since Wed 2020-05-13 23:57:41 HKT; 18s ago

									  Docs: man:mysqld(8)

									   http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html

									 Process: 9563 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)

									 Main PID: 9649 (mysqld)

									 Status: "Server is operational"

									 Tasks: 39

									 CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service

									   └─9649 /usr/sbin/mysqld

									May 13 23:57:34 CentOS.highning.com systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...

									May 13 23:57:41 CentOS.highning.com systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.

找出root初始密码

1	`grep` `"password"` `/var/log/mysqld.log`

2020-05-13T15:57:37.815353Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: 9*CxxNRWHqmL

进入数据库：

1	`mysql -uroot -p`

输入密码（密码是上面查询到的 ,/wsw6gif;eH ），此时不能操作数据库，必须修改密码之后才能操作数据库

1	`ALTER` `USER` `'root'@'localhost'` `IDENTIFIED` `BY` `'new password';`

其中‘new password'替换成你要设置的密码，注意:密码设置必须要大小写字母数字和特殊符号（,/';:等）,不然不能配置成功

三、开启mysql的远程访问

执行以下命令开启远程访问限制（注意：下面命令开启的IP是 192.168.0.1，如要开启所有的，用%代替IP）,mysql8.0和以前的版本不一样，不能用原来的命令同时授权和创建用户：

1 2	`create` `user` `'root'@'192.168.0.1'` `identified` `by` `'password';` `grant` `all` `privileges` `on` `.` `to` `'root'@'192.168.0.1'` `with` `grant` `option;`

再输入以下两行命令

1 2	`flush` `privileges;` `exit`

四、为firewalld添加开放端口

添加mysql端口3306和Tomcat端口8080

									firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent

									firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=8080/tcp --permanent

重新载入

1	`firewall-cmd` `--reload`

最后在windows下用mysql命令登录

									Microsoft Windows [版本 10.0.18363.778]

									(c) 2019 Microsoft Corporation。保留所有权利。

									C:\Users\highning>mysql -h 192.168.88.88 -P 3306 -u root -p

									Enter password: ********

									Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.

									Your MySQL connection id is 10

									Server version: 8.0.20 MySQL Community Server - GPL

									Copyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

									Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its

									affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective

									owners.

									Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

									mysql> show databases;

									+--------------------+

									| Database   |

									+--------------------+

									| information_schema |

									| mysql    |

									| performance_schema |

									| sys    |

									+--------------------+

									4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

									mysql>

修改密码安全策略，改为LOW，密码长度最小6位

									mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%';

									+--------------------------------------+--------+

									| Variable_name      | Value |

									+--------------------------------------+--------+

									| validate_password.check_user_name | ON  |

									| validate_password.dictionary_file |  |

									| validate_password.length    | 8  |

									| validate_password.mixed_case_count | 1  |

									| validate_password.number_count  | 1  |

									| validate_password.policy    | MEDIUM |

									| validate_password.special_char_count | 1  |

									+--------------------------------------+--------+

									7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

									mysql> set global validate_password.policy=LOW;

									Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

									mysql> set global validate_password.length=6;

									Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

									mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%';

									+--------------------------------------+-------+

									| Variable_name      | Value |

									+--------------------------------------+-------+

									| validate_password.check_user_name | ON |

									| validate_password.dictionary_file |  |

									| validate_password.length    | 6  |

									| validate_password.mixed_case_count | 1  |

									| validate_password.number_count  | 1  |

									| validate_password.policy    | LOW |

									| validate_password.special_char_count | 1  |

									+--------------------------------------+-------+

									7 rows in set (0.00 sec)