本文实例为大家分享了python类支持比较运算的具体代码,供大家参考,具体内容如下
案例:
有时我们希望自定义的类,实例间可以使用比较运算符进行比较,我们自定义比较的行为。
需求:
有一个矩形的类,我们希望比较两个矩形的实例时,比较的是他们的面积
如何解决这个问题?
在类中重新定义比较运算符,所有的比较运算可以简化为两个基本的比较运算,小于和等于比较
单个类比较
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#!/usr/bin/python3 from math import pi class Circle( object ): def __init__( self , radius): self .radius = radius def get_area( self ): return round ( pow ( self .radius, 2 ) * pi, 2 ) # 重定义小于比较 def __lt__( self , other): return self .get_area() < other.get_area() # 重定义等于比较 def __eq__( self , other): return self .get_area() = = other.get_area() if __name__ = = '__main__' : c1 = Circle( 3.0 ) c2 = Circle( 5.0 ) print (c1 < c2) # c1.__le__(c2) print (c1 = = c2) # c1.__eq__(c2) |
两个类比较
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#!/usr/bin/python3 from math import pi class Circle( object ): def __init__( self , radius): self .radius = radius def get_area( self ): return round ( pow ( self .radius, 2 ) * pi, 2 ) # 重定义小于比较 def __lt__( self , other): return self .get_area() < other.get_area() # 重定义等于比较 def __eq__( self , other): return self .get_area() = = other.get_area() if __name__ = = '__main__' : c1 = Circle( 3.0 ) c2 = Circle( 5.0 ) print (c1 < c2) # c1.__le__(c2) print (c1 = = c2) # c1.__eq__(c2) # !/usr/bin/python3 from math import pi class Circle( object ): def __init__( self , radius): self .radius = radius def get_area( self ): return round ( pow ( self .radius, 2 ) * pi, 2 ) # 重定义小于比较 def __lt__( self , other): return self .get_area() < other.get_area() # 重定义等于比较 def __eq__( self , other): return self .get_area() = = other.get_area() class Rectangle( object ): def __init__( self , width, height): self .width = width self .height = height def get_area( self ): return self .width * self .height # 重定义小于比较 def __lt__( self , other): return self .get_area() < other.get_area() # 重定义等于比较 def __eq__( self , other): return self .get_area() = = other.get_area() if __name__ = = '__main__' : c1 = Circle( 5.0 ) R1 = Rectangle( 4.0 , 5.0 ) print (c1 > R1) # c1.__le__(c2) print (c1 = = R1) # c1.__eq__(c2) |
会出现一个问题,重复代码,如何解决?
通过functools下类的装饰器total_ordering进行比较
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# !/usr/bin/python3 from math import pi from abc import abstractmethod from functools import total_ordering @total_ordering class Shape( object ): """ 定义一个抽象类,重定义比较运算,再定义抽象方法,然后子类通过这个方法进行比较, 其他子类比较类都需要重构抽象方法,实现比较运算 """ # 标记比较方法,抽象方法 @abstractmethod def get_area( self ): pass # 重定义小于比较 def __lt__( self , other): return self .get_area() < other.get_area() # 重定义等于比较 def __eq__( self , other): return self .get_area() = = other.get_area() class Circle(Shape): def __init__( self , radius): self .radius = radius def get_area( self ): return round ( pow ( self .radius, 2 ) * pi, 2 ) class Rectangle(Shape): def __init__( self , width, height): self .width = width self .height = height def get_area( self ): return self .width * self .height if __name__ = = '__main__' : c1 = Circle( 5.0 ) R1 = Rectangle( 4.0 , 5.0 ) print (c1 > R1) # c1.__le__(c2) print (c1 = = R1) # c1.__eq__(c2) |
以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。
原文链接:http://www.cnblogs.com/2bjiujiu/p/7289251.html