前言
本文主要给大家介绍了关于scrapy爬到的数据保存到mysql(防止重复)的相关内容,分享出来供大家参考学习,下面话不多说了,来一起看看详细的介绍吧。
1.环境建立
1.使用xmapp安装php, mysql ,phpmyadmin
2.安装python3,pip
3.安装pymysql
3.(windows 略)我这边是mac,安装brew,用brew 安装scrapy
2.整个流程
1. 创建数据库和数据库表,准备保存
2.写入爬虫目标URL,进行网络请求
3.对爬返回数据进行处理,得到具体数据
4.对于具体数据保存到数据库中
2.1.创建数据库
首先创建一个数据库叫scrapy,然后创建一个表article,我们这里给body加了唯一索引,防止重复插入数据
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
|
-- -- Database: `scrapy` -- -- -------------------------------------------------------- -- -- 表的结构 `article` -- CREATE TABLE `article` ( `id` int (11) NOT NULL , `body` varchar (200) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL , `author` varchar (50) CHARACTER SET utf8 COLLATE utf8_bin NOT NULL , `createDate` datetime NOT NULL ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1; -- -- Indexes for table `article` -- ALTER TABLE `article` ADD PRIMARY KEY (`id`), ADD UNIQUE KEY `uk_body` (`body`); |
弄好以后是这样的。
2.2 先看下整个爬虫项目的结构
quotes_spider.py是核心,负责对网络请求和对内容进行处理,然后对整理好的内容抛给pipelines进行具体处理,保存到数据库中,这样不会影响速度。
其他的看 图说明
2.2 写入爬虫目标URL,进行网络请求
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
|
import scrapy from tutorial.items import TutorialItem class QuotesSpider(scrapy.Spider): name = "quotes" def start_requests( self ): url = 'http://quotes.toscrape.com/tag/humor/' yield scrapy.Request(url) def parse( self , response): item = TutorialItem() for quote in response.css( 'div.quote' ): item[ 'body' ] = quote.css( 'span.text::text' ).extract_first() item[ 'author' ] = quote.css( 'small.author::text' ).extract_first() yield item next_page = response.css( 'li.next a::attr("href")' ).extract_first() if next_page is not None : yield response.follow(next_page, self .parse) |
start_requests 就是要写入具体要爬的URL
parse就是核心的对返回的数据进行处理的地方,然后以item的形式抛出,接下来定义好下一个要爬的内容
2.3 items
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
|
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # Define here the models for your scraped items # # See documentation in: # https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/items.html import scrapy class TutorialItem(scrapy.Item): body = scrapy.Field() author = scrapy.Field() pass |
2.4 pipelines
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
|
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- # Define your item pipelines here # # Don't forget to add your pipeline to the ITEM_PIPELINES setting # See: https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.html import pymysql import datetime from tutorial import settings import logging class TutorialPipeline( object ): def __init__( self ): self .connect = pymysql.connect( host = settings.MYSQL_HOST, db = settings.MYSQL_DBNAME, user = settings.MYSQL_USER, passwd = settings.MYSQL_PASSWD, charset = 'utf8' , use_unicode = True ) self .cursor = self .connect.cursor(); def process_item( self , item, spider): try : self .cursor.execute( "insert into article (body, author, createDate) value(%s, %s, %s) on duplicate key update author=(author)" , (item[ 'body' ], item[ 'author' ], datetime.datetime.now() )) self .connect.commit() except Exception as error: logging.log(error) return item def close_spider( self , spider): self .connect.close(); |
2.5 配置
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
|
ITEM_PIPELINES = { 'tutorial.pipelines.TutorialPipeline' : 300 } MYSQL_HOST = 'localhost' MYSQL_DBNAME = 'scrapy' MYSQL_USER = 'root' MYSQL_PASSWD = '123456' MYSQL_PORT = 3306 |
3.启动爬虫
1
|
scrapy crawl quotes |
总结
以上就是这篇文章的全部内容了,希望本文的内容对大家的学习或者工作具有一定的参考学习价值,如果有疑问大家可以留言交流,谢谢大家对服务器之家的支持。
原文链接:http://www.waitingfy.com/archives/1989