PS: 我的检索是在文章模块下 forum/article
第一步:先安装需要的包:
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pip install django - haystack pip install whoosh pip install jieba |
第二步: 配置需要的文件 settings.py
添加haystack应用模块
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INSTALLED_APPS = ( ... 'haystack', ... ) |
在settings.py 末尾添加
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HAYSTACK_CONNECTIONS = { 'default' : { 'ENGINE' : 'article.whoosh_cn_backend.WhooshEngine' , 'PATH' : os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'whoosh_index' ), }, } HAYSTACK_SIGNAL_PROCESSOR = 'haystack.signals.RealtimeSignalProcessor' # 索引自动更新 |
第三步: 配置url路径
在 forum/forum/urls.py中包含search路径
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url(r '^search/' , include( 'haystack.urls' )), |
第四步:建立模型
forum/article/models.py
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class Article(models.Model): ''' 文章数据模型 ''' id = models.AutoField(primary_key = True ,verbose_name = '文章编号' ) title = models.CharField(max_length = 50 ,verbose_name = '文章标题' ) content = MDTextField() publish_time = models.DateTimeField(auto_now_add = True ,verbose_name = '发表时间' ) last_update_time = models.DateTimeField(auto_now = True ,verbose_name = '最后一次修改时间' ) status = models.IntegerField(u '状态' , default = 1 ) read_count = models.IntegerField(default = 0 ,verbose_name = '阅读次数' ) comment_count = models.IntegerField(default = 0 ,verbose_name = '评论次数' ) #关联用户 user = models.ForeignKey(User,on_delete = models.CASCADE,verbose_name = '用户' ) subject = models.ForeignKey(Subject, null = True , blank = True , on_delete = models.CASCADE, verbose_name = '属于哪一个专题' ) |
第五步:设置为那个class建立索引
如果你想针对某个app例如mainapp做全文检索,则必须在mainapp的目录下面建立search_indexes.py文件,文件名不能修改
例:forum/article/search_indexes.py模块
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from article.models import Article from haystack import indexes class ArticleIndex(indexes.SearchIndex, indexes.Indexable): text = indexes.CharField(document = True , use_template = True ) def get_model( self ): return Article def index_queryset( self , using = None ): return self .get_model().objects. filter (status = 1 ) |
每个索引里面必须有且只能有一个字段为document=True
第六步: 确定我们需要的属性:
新建yourapp/templates/search/indexes/yourapp/article_text.txt来指明需要属性
例: article/templates/search/indexes/yourapp/article_text.txt
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{{ object.title }} # 文章标题 {{ object.user.username }} # 文章作者 {{ object.content }} # 文章内容 |
第七步: 把搜索引擎放入项目下
例: forum/article/whoosh_cn_backend.py
将文件whoosh_backend.py(例: 我的python路径E:\python\Lib\site-packages\haystack\backends\whoosh_backend.py
)放到article下,并重命名为whoosh_cn_backend.py,例如blog/whoosh_cn_backend.py。修改如下:
导入
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from jieba.analyse import ChineseAnalyzer |
找到
然后将其修改为
成功引入jieba分词
第八步: 前端页面配置
templates/base.html (搜索页面)
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< form class = "navbar-form navbar-left" action = "/search/" method = "get" > < div class = "form-group" > < input type = "text" class = "form-control" name = "q" placeholder = "请输入搜索的内容" value = "" /> </ div > < input type = "submit" value = "搜索" > </ form > |
结果展示页面(forum/article/templates/search/search.html)
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{% extends 'base.html' %} {% block title %}搜索结果{% endblock %} {% block content %} < div class = "container" id = "content" > < div class = "search-body" > < form method = "get" action = "" > < table > < tr > < td > < label for = "id_q" ></ label > </ td > < td > < input class = "form-control" id = "id_q" name = "q" type = "search" value = "{{ query }}" /> </ td > < td > </ td > < td > < button class = "btn btn-defaul" type = "submit" >< span class = "glyphicon glyphicon-search" >搜索</ span ></ button > </ td > </ tr > </ table > </ form > {% if query %} < h3 >搜索结果</ h3 > < table class = "table" > < tr > {% for result in page.object_list %} < td > < p > < a href = "{% url 'article:article_detail' article_id=result.object.id %}" rel = "external nofollow" > {{ result.object.title }}</ a > </ p > 作者: < a href = "{% url 'user:user_index' result.object.user.id %}" rel = "external nofollow" >{{ result.object.user.username }}</ a > < p >{{ result.object.content | safe | truncatechars_html:40 }}</ p > </ td > </ tr > {% empty %} < p >没有得到想要的结果哦.</ p > {% endfor %} </ table > {% if page.has_previous or page.has_next %} < div > {% if page.has_previous %}< a href = "?q={{ query }}&page={{ page.previous_page_number }}" rel = "external nofollow" >{% endif %}« 上一页{% if page.has_previous %}</ a >{% endif %} | {% if page.has_next %}< a href = "?q={{ query }}&page={{ page.next_page_number }}" rel = "external nofollow" >{% endif %}下一页 »{% if page.has_next %}</ a >{% endif %} </ div > {% endif %} {% else %} {# Show some example queries to run, maybe query syntax, something else? #} {% endif %} </ div > </ div > {% endblock %} |
第九步: 建立索引
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python manage.py rebuild_index |
建立成功会自行生成一个forum/whoosh_index的文件夹
第十步: 运行程序
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python manage.py runserver |
PS: 模板样式可以自行调整
以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。
原文链接:https://www.jianshu.com/p/4f88d5f09ce3