最近刚学习Python,做了个简单的爬虫,作为一个简单的demo希望帮助和我一样的初学者。
代码使用python2.7做的爬虫 抓取51job上面的职位名,公司名,薪资,发布时间等等。
直接上代码,代码中注释还算比较清楚 ,没有安装mysql需要屏蔽掉相关代码:
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#!/usr/bin/python # -*- coding: UTF-8 -*- from bs4 import BeautifulSoup import urllib import urllib2 import codecs import re import time import logging import MySQLdb class Jobs( object ): # 初始化 """docstring for Jobs""" def __init__( self ): super (Jobs, self ).__init__() logging.basicConfig(level = logging.DEBUG, format = '%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)s' ) #数据库的操作,没有mysql可以做屏蔽 self .db = MySQLdb.connect( '127.0.0.1' , 'root' , 'rootroot' , 'MySQL_Test' ,charset = 'utf8' ) self .cursor = self .db.cursor() #log日志的显示 self .logger = logging.getLogger( "sjk" ) self .logger.setLevel(level = logging.DEBUG) formatter = logging.Formatter( '%(asctime)s - %(name)s - %(levelname)s - %(message)s' ) handler = logging.FileHandler( 'log.txt' ) handler.setFormatter(formatter) handler.setLevel(logging.DEBUG) self .logger.addHandler(handler) self .logger.info( '初始化完成' ) # 模拟请求数据 def jobshtml( self , key, page = '1' ): try : self .logger.info( '开始请求第' + page + '页' ) #网页url searchurl = "https://search.51job.com/list/040000,000000,0000,00,9,99,{key},2,{page}.html?lang=c&stype=&postchannel=0000&workyear=99&cotype=99°reefrom=99&jobterm=99&companysize=99&providesalary=99&lonlat=0%2C0&radius=-1&ord_field=0&confirmdate=9&fromType=&dibiaoid=0&address=&line=&specialarea=00&from=&welfare=" user_agent = 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.13; rv:59.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/59.0' #设置请求头 header = { 'User-Agent' : user_agent, 'Host' : 'search.51job.com' , 'Referer' : 'https://www.51job.com/' } #拼接url finalUrl = searchurl. format (key = key, page = page) request = urllib2.Request(finalUrl, headers = header) response = urllib2.urlopen(request) #等待网页加载完成 time.sleep( 3 ) #gbk格式解码 info = response.read().decode( 'gbk' ) self .logger.info( '请求网页网页' ) self .decodeHtml(info = info, key = key, page = page) except urllib2.HTTPError as e: print e.reason # 解析网页数据 def decodeHtml( self , info, key, page): self .logger.info( '开始解析网页数据' ) #BeautifulSoup 解析网页 soup = BeautifulSoup(info, 'html.parser' ) #找到class = t1 t2 t3 t4 t5 的标签数据 ps = soup.find_all(attrs = { "class" : re. compile (r '^t[1-5].*' )}) #打开txt文件 a+ 代表追加 f = codecs. open (key + '.txt' , 'a+' , 'UTF-8' ) #清除之前的数据信息 f.truncate() f.write( '\n------------' + page + '--------------\n' ) count = 1 arr = [] #做一些字符串的处理,形成数据格式 iOS开发工程师 有限公司 深圳-南山区 0.9-1.6万/月 05-16 for pi in ps: spe = " " finalstr = pi.getText().strip() arr.append(finalstr) if count % 5 = = 0 : #每一条数据插入数据库,如果没有安装mysql 可以将当前行注释掉 self .connectMySQL(arr = arr) arr = [] spe = "\n" writestr = finalstr + spe count + = 1 f.write(writestr) f.close() self .logger.info( '解析完成' ) #数据库操作 没有安装mysql 可以屏蔽掉 def connectMySQL( self ,arr): work = arr[ 0 ] company = arr[ 1 ] place = arr[ 2 ] salary = arr[ 3 ] time = arr[ 4 ] query = "select * from Jobs_tab where \ company_name = '%s' and work_name = '%s' and work_place = '%s' \ and salary = '%s' and time = '%s' " % (company,work,place,salary,time) self .cursor.execute(query) queryresult = self .cursor.fetchall() #数据库中不存在就插入数据 存在就可以更新数据 不过我这边没有写 if len (queryresult) > 0 : sql = "insert into Jobs_tab(work_name,company_name,work_place,salary\ ,time) values( '%s' , '%s' , '%s' , '%s' , '%s' )" % (work,company,place,salary,time) try : self .cursor.execute(sql) self .db.commit() except Exception as e: self .logger.info( '写入数据库失败' ) #模拟登陆 # def login(self): # data = {'action':'save','isread':'on','loginname':'18086514327','password':'kui4131sjk'} # 开始抓取 主函数 def run( self , key): # 只要前5页的数据 key代表搜索工做类型 这边我是用的ios page是页数 for x in xrange ( 1 , 6 ): self .jobshtml(key = key, page = str (x)) self .logger.info( '写入数据库完成' ) self .db.close() if __name__ = = '__main__' : Jobs().run(key = 'iOS' ) |
这样抓取网页数据格式如下:
以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。
原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/u011315300/article/details/80431096