前面几篇文章分别讨论了activity和service,本文就来讨论broastcastreceiver,broastcast是应用程序间通信的手段。broastcastreceiver也是跟intent紧密相连的,动态/静态注册了broastcastreceiver之后,使用sendbroadcast把intent发送之后,系统会自动把符合条件的broastcastreceiver启动,这和嵌入式系统的中断类似。
本文所示实例代码主要演示了如何静态/动态注册broastcastreceiver,向系统索取电量信息,以及枚举信息的字段等功能和。
程序运行截图如下所示:
上图是发送intent至内部动态注册的broadcastreceiver,接收到之后显示消息名称。动态注册broadcastreceiver用到registerreceiver()。
上图是发送intent至内部静态注册的broadcastreceiver,接收到之后显示消息名称。静态注册比动态注册麻烦点,先新建一个类继承broadcastreceiver,然后到androidmanifest.xml 添加
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<receiver android:name= "clsreceiver2" > <intent-filter> <action android:name= "com.testbroadcastreceiver.internal_2" /> </intent-filter> </receiver> |
第一个name是类名,第二个是action的名称。
上图是枚举intent消息的字段,这个功能比较适合懒人,把收到的intent消息的字段全部分解了,再看看哪个需要的,懒得记住。实现这部分的代码如下:
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//当未知intent包含的内容,则需要通过以下方法来列举 bundle b=intent.getextras(); object[] lstname=b.keyset().toarray(); for ( int i= 0 ;i<lstname.length;i++) { string keyname=lstname[i].tostring(); log.e(keyname,string.valueof(b.get(keyname))); } |
main.xml的代码如下:
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<?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "utf-8" ?> <linearlayout xmlns:android= "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation= "vertical" android:layout_width= "fill_parent" android:layout_height= "fill_parent" > <button android:id= "@+id/button01" android:layout_width= "wrap_content" android:layout_height= "wrap_content" android:text= "发送至内部动态注册的broadcastreceiver" ></button> <button android:id= "@+id/button02" android:layout_width= "wrap_content" android:layout_height= "wrap_content" android:text= "发送至内部静态注册broadcastreceiver" ></button> <button android:id= "@+id/button03" android:layout_width= "wrap_content" android:layout_height= "wrap_content" android:text= "发送至系统broadcastreceiver" ></button> </linearlayout> |
testbroadcastreceiver.java的代码如下:
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package com.testbroadcastreceiver; import android.app.activity; import android.content.broadcastreceiver; import android.content.context; import android.content.intent; import android.content.intentfilter; import android.os.bundle; import android.util.log; import android.view.view; import android.widget.button; import android.widget.toast; public class testbroadcastreceiver extends activity { button btninternal1,btninternal2,btnsystem; static final string intenal_action_1 = "com.testbroadcastreceiver.internal_1" ; static final string intenal_action_2 = "com.testbroadcastreceiver.internal_2" ; static final string intenal_action_3 = "com.testbroadcastreceiver.internal_3" ; @override public void oncreate(bundle savedinstancestate) { super .oncreate(savedinstancestate); setcontentview(r.layout.main); btninternal1=(button) this .findviewbyid(r.id.button01); btninternal1.setonclicklistener( new clickevent()); btninternal2=(button) this .findviewbyid(r.id.button02); btninternal2.setonclicklistener( new clickevent()); btnsystem=(button) this .findviewbyid(r.id.button03); btnsystem.setonclicklistener( new clickevent()); //动态注册广播消息 registerreceiver(bcrintenal1, new intentfilter(intenal_action_1)); } class clickevent implements view.onclicklistener{ @override public void onclick(view v) { if (v==btninternal1) //给动态注册的broadcastreceiver发送数据 { intent intent = new intent(intenal_action_1); sendbroadcast(intent); } else if (v==btninternal2) //给静态注册的broadcastreceiver发送数据 { intent intent = new intent(intenal_action_2); sendbroadcast(intent); } else if (v==btnsystem) //动态注册 接收2组信息的broadcastreceiver { intentfilter filter = new intentfilter(); // filter.addaction(intent.action_battery_changed); //系统电量检测信息 filter.addaction(intenal_action_3); //第三组自定义消息 registerreceiver(batinforeceiver, filter); intent intent = new intent(intenal_action_3); intent.putextra( "name" , "hellogv" ); intent.putextra( "blog" , "http://blog.csdn.net/hellogv" ); sendbroadcast(intent); //传递过去 } } } /* * 接收动态注册广播的broadcastreceiver */ private broadcastreceiver bcrintenal1 = new broadcastreceiver() { public void onreceive(context context, intent intent) { string action = intent.getaction(); toast.maketext(context, "动态:" +action, 1000 ).show(); } }; private broadcastreceiver batinforeceiver = new broadcastreceiver() { public void onreceive(context context, intent intent) { string action = intent.getaction(); //如果捕捉到的action是action_battery_changed if (intent.action_battery_changed.equals(action)) { //当未知intent包含的内容,则需要通过以下方法来列举 bundle b=intent.getextras(); object[] lstname=b.keyset().toarray(); for ( int i= 0 ;i<lstname.length;i++) { string keyname=lstname[i].tostring(); log.e(keyname,string.valueof(b.get(keyname))); } } //如果捕捉到的action是intenal_action_3 if (intenal_action_3.equals(action)) { //当未知intent包含的内容,则需要通过以下方法来列举 bundle b=intent.getextras(); object[] lstname=b.keyset().toarray(); for ( int i= 0 ;i<lstname.length;i++) { string keyname=lstname[i].tostring(); log.e(keyname,b.getstring(keyname)); } } } }; } |
clsreceiver2.java的代码如下:
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package com.testbroadcastreceiver; import android.content.broadcastreceiver; import android.content.context; import android.content.intent; import android.widget.toast; /* * 接收静态注册广播的broadcastreceiver, * step1:要到androidmanifest.xml这里注册消息 * <receiver android:name="clsreceiver2"> <intent-filter> <action android:name="com.testbroadcastreceiver.internal_2"/> </intent-filter> </receiver> step2:定义消息的字符串 step3:通过intent传递消息来驱使broadcastreceiver触发 */ public class clsreceiver2 extends broadcastreceiver{ @override public void onreceive(context context, intent intent) { string action = intent.getaction(); toast.maketext(context, "静态:" +action, 1000 ).show(); } } |
感兴趣的朋友可以调试运行该实例,希望能够对大家的android项目开发起到一点帮助作用。