本文实例讲述了Python实现爬虫抓取与读写、追加到excel文件操作。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：
爬取糗事百科热门
安装 读写excel 依赖 pip install xlwt
安装 追加excel文件内容 依赖 pip install xlutils
安装 lxml
Python示例：
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import csvimport requestsfrom lxml import etreeimport timeimport xlwtimport osfrom xlutils.copy import copyimport xlrddata_infos_list = []headers = { 'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 ' '(KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/64.0.3282.140 Safari/537.36'}# f = open('C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Desktop\\qiubaibook.csv', 'a+', newline='', encoding='utf-8')# writer = csv.writer(f)# writer.writerow(('author', 'sex', 'rank', 'content', 'great', 'comment', 'time'))filename = 'C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Desktop\\qiubaibook.xls'def get_info(url): res = requests.get(url, headers=headers) selector = etree.HTML(res.text) # print(res.text) htmls = selector.xpath('//div[contains(@class,"article block untagged mb15")]') # // *[ @ id = "qiushi_tag_120024357"] / a[1] / div / span 内容 # //*[@id="qiushi_tag_120024357"]/div[2]/span[1]/i 好笑 # //*[@id="c-120024357"]/i 评论 # //*[@id="qiushi_tag_120024357"]/div[1]/a[2]/h2 作者 # //*[@id="qiushi_tag_120024357"]/div[1]/div 等级 # // womenIcon manIcon 性别 for html in htmls: author = html.xpath('div[1]/a[2]/h2/text()') if len(author) == 0: author = html.xpath('div[1]/span[2]/h2/text()') rank = html.xpath('div[1]/div/text()') sex = html.xpath('div[1]/div/@class') if len(sex) == 0: sex = '未知' elif 'manIcon' in sex[0]: sex = '男' elif 'womenIcon' in sex[0]: sex = '女' if len(rank) == 0: rank = '-1' contents = html.xpath('a[1]/div/span/text()') great = html.xpath('div[2]/span[1]/i/text()') # //*[@id="qiushi_tag_112746244"]/div[3]/span[1]/i if len(great) == 0: great = html.xpath('div[3]/span[1]/i/text()') comment = html.xpath('div[2]/span[2]/a/i/text()') # //*[@id="c-112746244"]/i if len(comment) == 0: comment = html.xpath('div[3]/span[2]/a/i/text()') # classes = html.xpath('a[1]/@class') # writer.writerow((author[0].strip(), sex, rank[0].strip(), contents[0].strip(), great[0].strip(), # comment[0].strip(), time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S', time.localtime(time.time())))) data_infos = [author[0].strip(), sex, rank[0].strip(), contents[0].strip(), great[0].strip(), comment[0].strip(), time.strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S', time.localtime(time.time()))] data_infos_list.append(data_infos)def write_data(sheet, row): for data_infos in data_infos_list: j = 0 for data in data_infos: sheet.write(row, j, data) j += 1 row += 1if __name__ == '__main__': urls = ['https://www.qiushibaike.com/8hr/page/{}/'.format(num) for num in range(1, 14)] for url in urls: print(url) get_info(url) time.sleep(2) # 如果文件存在，则追加。如果文件不存在，则新建 if os.path.exists(filename): # 打开excel rb = xlrd.open_workbook(filename, formatting_info=True) # formatting_info=True 保留原有字体颜色等样式 # 用 xlrd 提供的方法获得现在已有的行数 rn = rb.sheets()[0].nrows # 复制excel wb = copy(rb) # 从复制的excel文件中得到第一个sheet sheet = wb.get_sheet(0) # 向sheet中写入文件 write_data(sheet, rn) # 删除原先的文件 os.remove(filename) # 保存 wb.save(filename) else: header = ['author', 'sex', 'rank', 'content', 'great', 'comment', 'time'] book = xlwt.Workbook(encoding='utf-8') sheet = book.add_sheet('糗百') # 向 excel 中写入表头 for h in range(len(header)): sheet.write(0, h, header[h]) # 向sheet中写入内容 write_data(sheet, 1) book.save(filename) |
希望本文所述对大家Python程序设计有所帮助。
原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/lA6Nf/article/details/79352112
