桶排序介绍
桶排序(Bucket Sort)的原理很简单,它是将数组分到有限数量的桶子里。
假设待排序的数组a中共有N个整数,并且已知数组a中数据的范围[0, MAX)。在桶排序时,创建容量为MAX的桶数组r,并将桶数组元素都初始化为0;将容量为MAX的桶数组中的每一个单元都看作一个"桶"。
在排序时,逐个遍历数组a,将数组a的值,作为"桶数组r"的下标。当a中数据被读取时,就将桶的值加1。例如,读取到数组a[3]=5,则将r[5]的值+1。
C++实现算法
假设数据分布在[0,100)之间,每个桶内部用链表表示,在数据入桶的同时插入排序。然后把各个桶中的数据合并。
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#include<iterator> #include<iostream> #include<vector> using namespace std; const int BUCKET_NUM = 10; struct ListNode{ explicit ListNode( int i=0):mData(i),mNext(NULL){} ListNode* mNext; int mData; }; ListNode* insert(ListNode* head, int val){ ListNode dummyNode; ListNode *newNode = new ListNode(val); ListNode *pre,*curr; dummyNode.mNext = head; pre = &dummyNode; curr = head; while (NULL!=curr && curr->mData<=val){ pre = curr; curr = curr->mNext; } newNode->mNext = curr; pre->mNext = newNode; return dummyNode.mNext; } ListNode* Merge(ListNode *head1,ListNode *head2){ ListNode dummyNode; ListNode *dummy = &dummyNode; while (NULL!=head1 && NULL!=head2){ if (head1->mData <= head2->mData){ dummy->mNext = head1; head1 = head1->mNext; } else { dummy->mNext = head2; head2 = head2->mNext; } dummy = dummy->mNext; } if (NULL!=head1) dummy->mNext = head1; if (NULL!=head2) dummy->mNext = head2; return dummyNode.mNext; } void BucketSort( int n, int arr[]){ vector<ListNode*> buckets(BUCKET_NUM,(ListNode*)(0)); for ( int i=0;i<n;++i){ int index = arr[i]/BUCKET_NUM; ListNode *head = buckets.at(index); buckets.at(index) = insert(head,arr[i]); } ListNode *head = buckets.at(0); for ( int i=1;i<BUCKET_NUM;++i){ head = Merge(head,buckets.at(i)); } for ( int i=0;i<n;++i){ arr[i] = head->mData; head = head->mNext; } } |