简介说明
使用spring mvc的annotation验证可以直接对view model的简单数据验证，注意，这里是简单的，如果model的数据验证需要有一些比较复杂的业务逻辑性在里头，只是使用annotation做验证是比较难的。
以下是使用spring mvc自带的annotation验证，加上自定义的一个@tel的annotation验证例子，此例子具有：
1、支持多语言（国际化）
2、对默认数据先进行转化，比如int、date类型如果传入空值时，会抛异常，默认给定值
先看配置：
1、web.xml
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><web-app version="3.0" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/xmlschema-instance" xsi:schemalocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"> <display-name>test spring mvc - 1</display-name> <context-param> <param-name>contextconfiglocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:spring.xml</param-value> </context-param> <servlet> <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.dispatcherservlet</servlet-class> <init-param> <param-name>contextconfiglocation</param-name> <param-value></param-value> </init-param> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.contextloaderlistener</listener-class> </listener> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list></web-app> |
这里没什么好说的，只是把spring.xml配置加入到contextconfiglocation中
2、spring.xml
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/xmlschema-instance" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemalocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd"> <!--注解说明 --> <context:annotation-config /> <!-- 默认的注解映射的支持 --> <mvc:annotation-driven validator="validator" conversion-service="conversionservice" /> <!-- 把标记了@controller注解的类转换为bean --> <context:component-scan base-package="com.my" /> <!-- 视图解释类 --> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.internalresourceviewresolver"> <property name="prefix" value="/web-inf/views/"/> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/><!--可为空,方便实现自已的依据扩展名来选择视图解释类的逻辑 --> <property name="viewclass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.jstlview" /> </bean> <!-- 资源文件：messages.properties --> <bean id="messagesource" class="org.springframework.context.support.resourcebundlemessagesource"> <property name="basenames"> <list> <value>messages</value> </list> </property> </bean> <!-- 验证器 --> <bean id="validator" class="org.springframework.validation.beanvalidation.localvalidatorfactorybean"> <property name="validationmessagesource" ref="messagesource"/> </bean> <!-- 自定义数据类型转换器 --> <bean id="conversionservice" class="org.springframework.format.support.formattingconversionservicefactorybean"> <property name="converters"> <list> <bean class="com.my.controller.converter.intconverter" /> <bean class="com.my.controller.converter.dateconverter" /> </list> </property> </bean> </beans> |
在<mvc:annotation-driven/>中加入conversion-service，然后在conversion-service中加入系统默认的转换器，如上有intconverter和dateconverter，当然，也可以是自定的别的类型，这是全局的。
在validator验证器中加入了支持多语言的properties，当然，spring的多语言是基于http header的accept-language。
3、controller
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package com.my.controller;import java.util.list;import javax.validation.valid;import org.springframework.stereotype.controller;import org.springframework.validation.bindingresult;import org.springframework.validation.fielderror;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.modelattribute;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.requestmapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.requestmethod;import org.springframework.web.servlet.modelandview;import com.my.controller.bean.user4;@controller@requestmapping(value="av")public class testannotationvalidcontroller { @requestmapping public modelandview index() { modelandview view = new modelandview("/testannotationvalid/index", "user4", new user4()); return view; } @requestmapping(value="/add", method=requestmethod.post) public modelandview add(@modelattribute @valid user4 user, bindingresult result) { modelandview view = new modelandview("/testannotationvalid/index"); view.addobject("user4", user); if(result.haserrors()) { list<fielderror> errors = result.getfielderrors(); for(fielderror err : errors) { system.out.println("objectname:" + err.getobjectname() + "\tfieldname:" + err.getfield() + "\tfieldvalue:" + err.getrejectedvalue() + "\tmessage:" + err.getdefaultmessage() + "\tcode:"); } } return view; } } |
这是一个简单的controller，在add中，有一个@valid的annotation，这是必需的，不加这个，annotation验证将不起作用
4、user4.java model实体类
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package com.my.controller.bean;import java.util.date;import javax.validation.constraints.max;import javax.validation.constraints.min;import javax.validation.constraints.notnull;import javax.validation.constraints.past;import javax.validation.constraints.pattern;import javax.validation.constraints.size;import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.email;import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.length;import org.hibernate.validator.constraints.notblank;public class user4 { private long id; @notblank(message="{valid.name}") private string name; @length(min=4, max=20, message="{valid.password}") private string password; @notblank(message="{valid.required}") @email(message="{valid.email}") private string email; @notnull(message="{valid.required}") private boolean married; @min(value=18, message="{valid.agemin}") @max(value=100, message="{valid.agemax}") private int age; @notnull(message="{valid.required}") @past(message="{valid.birthday}") private date birthday; @pattern(regexp="^[a-za-z]{2,}$", message="{valid.address}") private string address; @size(min=1, message="{valid.likesmin}") private string[] likes; @com.my.controller.validator.tel(message="{valid.tel}", min=3) private string tel; public long getid() { return id; } public void setid(long id) { this.id = id; } public string getname() { return name; } public void setname(string name) { this.name = name; } public string getpassword() { return password; } public void setpassword(string password) { this.password = password; } public string getemail() { return email; } public void setemail(string email) { this.email = email; } public boolean ismarried() { return married; } public void setmarried(boolean married) { this.married = married; } public int getage() { return age; } public void setage(int age) { this.age = age; } public date getbirthday() { return birthday; } public void setbirthday(date birthday) { this.birthday = birthday; } public string getaddress() { return address; } public void setaddress(string address) { this.address = address; } public string[] getlikes() { return likes; } public void setlikes(string[] likes) { this.likes = likes; } public string gettel() { return tel; } public void settel(string tel) { this.tel = tel; }} |
除了@tel之外，其它都是spring自带的annotation，当然还有别的，自行搜索下
5、message.properties
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valid.required=字段值不能为空valid.name=用户名不能为空valid.password=密码最小4位valid.agemin=年龄不能小于{1}岁valid.agemax=年龄不能大于{1}岁valid.email=邮箱格式不正确valid.address=联系地址不正确valid.birthday=生日不能大于今天valid.likesmin=喜好最小不能小于1个valid.tel=手机号码不能小于{min}位 |
对应的是user4 model的annotation的message值。如果需要国际化的多语言，只需要加入多一个messages_en_us.properties这样名字的文件即可。
6、@tel
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package com.my.controller.validator;import java.lang.annotation.elementtype;import java.lang.annotation.retention;import java.lang.annotation.retentionpolicy;import java.lang.annotation.target;import javax.validation.constraint;import javax.validation.payload;@target({elementtype.field, elementtype.method})@retention(retentionpolicy.runtime)@constraint(validatedby=telvalidator.class)public @interface tel { int min() default 0; string message(); class<?>[] groups() default {}; class<? extends payload>[] payload() default {};} |
新建一个interface，注意，annotation的interface java是这样写的：@interface
telvalidator:
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package com.my.controller.validator;import javax.annotation.resource;import javax.validation.constraintvalidator;import javax.validation.constraintvalidatorcontext;import org.springframework.context.support.resourcebundlemessagesource;public class telvalidator implements constraintvalidator<tel, string> { @resource private resourcebundlemessagesource messagesource; private tel tel; @override public void initialize(tel tel) { this.tel = tel; } @override public boolean isvalid(string value, constraintvalidatorcontext constraintcontext) { boolean isvalid; if(value != null && value.length() >= tel.min()) { isvalid = true; } else { isvalid = false; } if(!isvalid) { constraintcontext.disabledefaultconstraintviolation(); constraintcontext.buildconstraintviolationwithtemplate(tel.message()).addconstraintviolation(); } return isvalid; }} |
这是@tel的验证实现方法。
7、converter
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package com.my.controller.converter;import org.springframework.core.convert.converter.converter;public class intconverter implements converter<string, integer> { @override public integer convert(string text) { if (text == null || "".equals(text)) { return 0; } else { try { integer value = integer.parseint(text); return value; } catch (exception e) { return 0; } } }} |
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package com.my.controller.converter;import java.text.parseexception;import java.text.simpledateformat;import java.util.date;import org.springframework.core.convert.converter.converter;public class dateconverter implements converter<string, date> { @override public date convert(string text) { simpledateformat dateformat = new simpledateformat("yyyy-mm-dd"); dateformat.setlenient(false); try { return dateformat.parse(text); } catch (parseexception e) { e.printstacktrace(); } return null; }} |
这两个是全局的类型默认转换器。
8、测试jsp
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<%@ page language="java" contenttype="text/html; charset=utf-8" pageencoding="utf-8"%><%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %> <%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/fmt" prefix="fmt"%><%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/functions" prefix="fn" %><%@ taglib prefix="st" uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags" %><%@ taglib prefix="sf" uri="http://www.springframework.org/tags/form"%><!doctype html public "-//w3c//dtd html 4.01 transitional//en" "http://www.w3.org/tr/html4/loose.dtd"><html><head><meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><title>index</title></head><body> <sf:form action="${pagecontext.request.contextpath}/av/add" method="post" modelattribute="user4"> user name:<sf:input path="name"/><sf:errors path="name" /><br/> password:<sf:input path="password"/><sf:errors path="password" /><br/> e-mail:<sf:input path="email"/><sf:errors path="email" /><br/> age:<sf:input path="age"/><sf:errors path="age" /><br/> birthday:<sf:input path="birthday"/><sf:errors path="birthday" /><br/> address:<sf:input path="address"/><sf:errors path="address" /><br/> married: <sf:radiobutton path="married" label="yes" value="true"/> <sf:radiobutton path="married" label="no" value="false"/> <sf:errors path="married" /><br/> likes: <sf:checkbox path="likes" label="football" value="football"/> <sf:checkbox path="likes" label="badminton" value="badminton"/> <sf:checkbox path="likes" label="pingpong" value="pingpong"/> <sf:errors path="likes" /><br/> tel:<sf:input path="tel"/><sf:errors path="tel" /><br/> <input type="submit" value="add" /> <hr/> errors:<br/><sf:errors path="*"></sf:errors> <hr/> likes:<c:foreach items="${user4.likes}" var="item">${item},</c:foreach> </sf:form></body></html> |
注意，在form中的modelattribute属性值，它对应的是user4类名，小写开头，否则会出错
9、页面ui结果：
点击add button后：
以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。
原文链接：http://www.cnblogs.com/HD/p/4123146.html
