要想实现一个能够发送带有文本、图片、附件的python程序，首先要熟悉两大模块：
email以及smtplib
然后对于MIME（邮件扩展）要有一定认知，因为有了扩展才能发送附件以及图片这些媒体或者非文本信息
最后一个比较细节的方法就是MIMEMultipart，要理解其用法以及对应参数所实现的功能区别
发送邮件三部曲：
创建协议对象
连接邮件服务器
登陆并发送邮件
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from email.header import Headerfrom email.mime.base import MIMEBasefrom email.mime.text import MIMETextimport mimetypesfrom email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipartimport osimport smtplibfrom email import Encoders as email_encodersclass Message(object): def __init__(self, from_addr, to_addr, subject="", html="", text=None, cc_addr=[], attachment=[]): self.from_addr = from_addr self.subject = subject if to_addr: if isinstance(to_addr, list): self.to_addr = to_addr else: self.to_addr = [d for d in to_addr.split(',')] else: self.to_addr = [] if cc_addr: if isinstance(cc_addr, list): self.cc_addr = cc_addr else: self.cc_addr = [d for d in cc_addr.split(',')] else: self.cc_addr = [] if html is not None: self.body = html self.body_type = "html" else: self.body = text self.body_type = "plain" self.parts = [] if isinstance(attachment, list): for file in attachment: self.add_attachment(file) def add_attachment(self, file_path, mimetype=None): """ If *mimetype* is not specified an attempt to guess it is made. If nothing is guessed then `application/octet-stream` is used. """ if not mimetype: mimetype, _ = mimetypes.guess_type(file_path) if mimetype is None: mimetype = 'application/octet-stream' type_maj, type_min = mimetype.split('/') with open(file_path, 'rb') as fh: part_data = fh.read() part = MIMEBase(type_maj, type_min) part.set_payload(part_data) email_encoders.encode_base64(part) part_filename = os.path.basename(file_path) part.add_header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment; filename="%s"' % part_filename) part.add_header('Content-ID', part_filename) self.parts.append(part) def __to_mime_message(self): """Returns the message as :py:class:`email.mime.multipart.MIMEMultipart`.""" ## To get the message work in iOS, you need use multipart/related, not the multipart/alternative msg = MIMEMultipart('related') msg['Subject'] = self.subject msg['From'] = self.from_addr msg['To'] = ','.join(self.to_addr) if len(self.cc_addr) > 0: msg['CC'] = ','.join(self.cc_addr) body = MIMEText(self.body, self.body_type) msg.attach(body) # Add Attachment for part in self.parts: msg.attach(part) return msg def send(self, smtp_server='localhost'): smtp = smtplib.SMTP() smtp.connect(smtp_server) smtp.sendmail(from_addr=self.from_addr, to_addrs=self.to_addr + self.cc_addr, msg=self.__to_mime_message().as_string()) smtp.close() |
对于实际发送程序，要注意个参数的类型，比如from_addr是字符串，to_addr和cc_addr以及attachment都是列表
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from mail_base import Messageimport datetimefrom_addr = 'xxx'mail_to = 'xxx'def send_go(): time_now = datetime.datetime.now().strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M') attach_files = ['testcsv.xlsm','test1.jpg','test2.jpg','test3.jpg'] mail_msg = """ <p>Hi Lockey:</p> <p><img src="cid:test1.jpg"></p>####要特别注意这里，正文插入图片的特殊格式！！！ <hr/> <p style="text-indent:16px">Here is the latest paper link from The Economist, you can click <a href="https://lockeycheng.github.io/iooi/index.html" rel="external nofollow" >Go</a> for a full view!</p> <hr/> <p>Best Regards</p> <p> Any question please mail to <a href='mailto:iooiooi23@163.com'>Lockey23</a>. </p> <p>Sent at {} PST</p> """.format(time_now) subject = '[Halo] - ' + 'A new paper published!' msg = Message(from_addr=from_addr, to_addr=[mail_to], cc_addr=[mail_to], subject=subject, attachment=attach_files, html=mail_msg ) msg.send()if __name__ == '__main__': send_go() |
对于测试程序我们命名为sendGo.py，运行测试程序
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~$ python sendGo.py |
以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。
原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/Lockey23/article/details/80570782
