前提准备：
1.使用python requests模块
2.了解json
先上代码：
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import requests,json##url一定要正确，IP地址换成自己zabbix服务器的zbx_url = "http://192.168.60.130:3080/zabbix/api_jsonrpc.php"#在post请求头部必须要有 'Content-Type': 'application/json-rpc'headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/json-rpc'}#传递json 数据到api;登录login = { "jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "user.login", "params": { "user": "Admin", "password": "zabbix" }, "id": 1}#首次登陆不用在json字段中写 auth，否则会有相关的报错#将数据发送到apiret = requests.post(zbx_url, data=json.dumps(login), headers=headers)#对结果进行序列化ret = ret.json()auth = ret['result']#获取问题主机jsondata = { "jsonrpc": "2.0", "method":"trigger.get", "params": { # output表示输出结果包含参数有哪些 "output": [ "triggerid", "description", "status", "value", "priority", "lastchange", "recovery_mode", "hosts", "state", ], "selectHosts": "hosts", # 需包含主机ID信息，以便于根据主机ID查询主机信息 "selectItems":"items", "filter": { # 筛选条件 "value": 1,#value值为1表示有问题 "status": 0#status为0表示已启用的trigger }, }, "auth":auth,#这里的auth就是登录后获取的 'id':'1'#这个id可以随意}#将查询数据发送到zabbix-serverret = requests.post(zbx_url,data=json.dumps(data),headers=headers)respone_result = ret.json()['result']#对结果进行json序列化print(respone_result) |
下面简单介绍一下上诉代码：
要调用zabbix api获取数据，首先要获得auth这一串字符用户后续的内容获取，auth可以看做是一种你与zabbix-server之间的"暗号"；
登录的json内容之所以这样写是zabbix官方规定的，json字符串里面千万不能使用tab键。
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login = { "jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "user.login", "params": { "user": "Admin", #根据自己的情况填 "password": "zabbix" #根据自己的条件填写 }, "id": 1} |
获取问题主机的json字符串建议先浏览一下官网的说明，要强调的是output和filter这两个key，output就是zabbix api返回来的内容，filter相当于是过滤条件：
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"filter": { # 筛选条件 "value": 1, #value值为1表示有问题 "status": 0 #status为0表示已启用的trigger }, |
上诉代码表示 value=1 and status=0，是一种与关系，很像查数据库表时候的过滤操作。
强烈建议先大概浏览一下官网文档
PS:Python通过Zabbix API获得数据的方法
Zabbix API查询：https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/2.0/manual/appendix/api/api
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import json,urllib2from urllib2 import Request, urlopen, URLError, HTTPError#url and url header#zabbix的api 地址，用户名，密码，这里修改为自己实际的参数zabbix_url="http://10.16.2.40/zabbix/api_jsonrpc.php"zabbix_header = {"Content-Type":"application/json"}zabbix_user = "admin"zabbix_pass = "password"auth_code = ""#auth user and password#用户认证信息的部分，最终的目的是得到一个SESSIONID#这里是生成一个json格式的数据，用户名和密码auth_data = json.dumps( { "jsonrpc":"2.0", "method":"user.login", "params": { "user":zabbix_user, "password":zabbix_pass }, "id":0 })# create request objectrequest = urllib2.Request(zabbix_url,auth_data)for key in zabbix_header: request.add_header(key,zabbix_header[key])try: result = urllib2.urlopen(request)#对于出错新的处理except HTTPError, e: print 'The server couldn\'t fulfill the request, Error code: ', e.codeexcept URLError, e: print 'We failed to reach a server.Reason: ', e.reasonelse: response=json.loads(result.read()) print response result.close()#判断SESSIONID是否在返回的数据中if 'result' in response: auth_code=response['result']else: print response['error']['data'] # request json#用得到的SESSIONID去通过验证，获取主机的信息（用http.get方法）if len(auth_code) <> 0: host_list=[] get_host_data = json.dumps( { "jsonrpc":"2.0", "method":"host.get", "params":{ "output": "extend", }, "auth":auth_code, "id":1, }) # create request object request = urllib2.Request(zabbix_url,get_host_data) for key in zabbix_header: request.add_header(key,zabbix_header[key]) # get host list try: result = urllib2.urlopen(request) except URLError as e: if hasattr(e, 'reason'): print 'We failed to reach a server.' print 'Reason: ', e.reason elif hasattr(e, 'code'): print 'The server could not fulfill the request.' print 'Error code: ', e.code else: response = json.loads(result.read()) result.close() #将所有的主机信息显示出来 for r in response['result']: # print r['hostid'],r['host'] host_list.append(r['hostid']) #显示主机的个数 print "Number Of Hosts: ", len(host_list) #返回所有hostid==10251的主机，并只查询name包含“CPU Usage”字段的item，并按照name排序 get_item_data = json.dumps({ "jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "item.get", "params": { "output": "extend", "hostids": "10251" "search": { #"key_": 'perf_counter[\Processor Information(_Total)\% Processor Time]' "name": "CPU Usage" }, "sortfield": "name" }, "auth": auth_code, "id": 1 }) request = urllib2.Request(zabbix_url,get_item_data) for key in zabbix_header: request.add_header(key,zabbix_header[key]) result = urllib2.urlopen(request) try: result = urllib2.urlopen(request) response = json.loads(result.read()) for r in response['result']: print r['itemid'],r['hostid'] result.close() except: pass #通过hostid获取相应的graphid get_graph_data = json.dumps({ "jsonrpc": "2.0", "method": "graphitem.get", "params": { "output": "extend", "expandData": 1, "itemids": "33712" }, "auth": auth_code, "id": 1 }) request = urllib2.Request(zabbix_url,get_graph_data) for key in zabbix_header: request.add_header(key,zabbix_header[key]) result = urllib2.urlopen(request) try: result = urllib2.urlopen(request) response = json.loads(result.read()) for r in response['result']: print r['itemid'],r['graphid'] result.close() except: pass |
以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。
原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/jackor/2339279
