shape和selector是android ui设计中经常用到的,比如我们要自定义一个圆角button,点击button有些效果的变化,就要用到shape和selector。可以这样说,shape和selector在美化控件中的作用是至关重要的。
1.shape
简介
作用:xml中定义的几何形状
位置:res/drawable/文件的名称.xml
使用的方法:
java代码中:r.drawable.文件的名称
xml中:android:background="@drawable/文件的名称"
属性:
<shape> android:shape=["rectangle" | "oval" | "line" | "ring"]
其中rectagle矩形,oval椭圆,line水平直线,ring环形
<shape>中子节点的常用属性:
<gradient> 渐变
android:startcolor 起始颜色
android:endcolor 结束颜色
android:angle 渐变角度,0从上到下,90表示从左到右,数值为45的整数倍默认为0;
android:type 渐变的样式 liner线性渐变 radial环形渐变 sweep
<solid > 填充
android:color 填充的颜色
<stroke > 描边
android:width 描边的宽度
android:color 描边的颜色
android:dashwidth 表示'-'横线的宽度
android:dashgap 表示'-'横线之间的距离
<corners > 圆角
android:radius 圆角的半径 值越大角越圆
android:toprightradius 右上圆角半径
android:bottomleftradius 右下圆角角半径
android:topleftradius 左上圆角半径
android:bottomrightradius 左下圆角半径
2.selector
简介
位置:res/drawable/文件的名称.xml
使用的方法:
java代码中:r.drawable.文件的名称
xml中:android:background="@drawable/文件的名称"
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
|
<?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "utf-8" ?> <selector xmlns:android= "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" > <!-- 默认时的背景图片--> <item android:drawable= "@drawable/pic1" /> <!-- 没有焦点时的背景图片 --> <item android:state_window_focused= "false" android:drawable= "@drawable/pic_blue" /> <!-- 非触摸模式下获得焦点并单击时的背景图片 --> <item android:state_focused= "true" android:state_pressed= "true" android:drawable= "@drawable/pic_red" /> <!-- 触摸模式下单击时的背景图片--> <item android:state_focused= "false" android:state_pressed= "true" android:drawable= "@drawable/pic_pink" /> <!--选中时的图片背景--> <item android:state_selected= "true" android:drawable= "@drawable/pic_orange" /> <!--获得焦点时的图片背景--> <item android:state_focused= "true" android:drawable= "@drawable/pic_green" /> </selector> |
第一个例子:圆角的button
http://liangruijun.blog.51cto.com/3061169/630051
第二个例子:shape+selector综合使用的例子 漂亮的listview
先看看这个例子的结构:
selector.xml
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
|
<?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "utf-8" ?> <selector xmlns:android= "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" > <item android:state_selected= "true" > <shape> <gradient android:angle= "270" android:endcolor= "#99bd4c" android:startcolor= "#a5d245" /> <size android:height= "60dp" android:width= "320dp" /> <corners android:radius= "8dp" /> </shape> </item> <item android:state_pressed= "true" > <shape> <gradient android:angle= "270" android:endcolor= "#99bd4c" android:startcolor= "#a5d245" /> <size android:height= "60dp" android:width= "320dp" /> <corners android:radius= "8dp" /> </shape> </item> <item> <shape> <gradient android:angle= "270" android:endcolor= "#a8c3b0" android:startcolor= "#c6cfce" /> <size android:height= "60dp" android:width= "320dp" /> <corners android:radius= "8dp" /> </shape> </item> </selector> |
list_item.xml
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
|
<?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "utf-8" ?> <linearlayout xmlns:android= "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation= "horizontal" android:layout_width= "fill_parent" android:layout_height= "wrap_content" android:background= "@drawable/selector" > <imageview android:id= "@+id/img" android:layout_width= "wrap_content" android:layout_height= "wrap_content" android:layout_gravity= "center_vertical" android:layout_marginleft= "20dp" /> <textview android:text= "data" android:id= "@+id/title" android:layout_width= "fill_parent" android:layout_height= "wrap_content" android:gravity= "center_vertical" android:layout_marginleft= "20dp" android:layout_margintop= "20dp" android:textsize= "14sp" android:textstyle= "bold" android:textcolor= "@color/black" > </textview> </linearlayout> |
main.xml
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
|
<?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "utf-8" ?> <linearlayout xmlns:android= "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation= "vertical" android:layout_width= "fill_parent" android:layout_height= "wrap_content" android:background= "#253853" > <listview android:id= "@+id/list" android:layout_width= "match_parent" android:layout_height= "match_parent" android:cachecolorhint= "#00000000" android:divider= "#2a4562" android:dividerheight= "3px" android:listselector= "#264365" android:drawselectorontop= "false" > </listview> </linearlayout> |
colors.xml
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
|
<?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "utf-8" ?> <resources> <color name= "white" >#ffffffff</color> <color name= "transparency" ># 00000000 </color> <color name= "title_bg" >#1c86ee</color> <color name= "end_color" >#a0cfef83</color> <color name= "black" ># 464646 </color> </resources> |
mainactivity.xml
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
|
package com.lingdududu.customlist; import java.util.arraylist; import java.util.hashmap; import xb.customlist.r; import android.r.array; import android.app.activity; import android.os.bundle; import android.widget.arrayadapter; import android.widget.listview; import android.widget.simpleadapter; public class mainactivity extends activity { listview list; string data[] = new string[]{ "china" , "uk" , "usa" , "japan" , "german" , "canada" , "et" , "narotu" }; /** called when the activity is first created. */ @override public void oncreate(bundle savedinstancestate) { super .oncreate(savedinstancestate); setcontentview(r.layout.main); list =(listview) findviewbyid(r.id.list); simpleadapter adapter = new simpleadapter( this , getdata(), r.layout.list_item, new string[]{ "title" , "img" }, new int []{r.id.title,r.id.img}); list.setadapter(adapter); } private arraylist<hashmap<string, object>> getdata() { arraylist<hashmap<string, object>> dlist = new arraylist<hashmap<string,object>>(); for ( int i = 0 ;i<data.length;i++){ hashmap<string, object>map = new hashmap<string, object>(); map.put( "title" , data[i]); map.put( "img" , r.drawable.item_left2); dlist.add(map); } return dlist; } } |
效果图:
以上所述是小编给大家分享的android开发教程之shape和selector的结合使用的相关内容,希望对大家有所帮助。