本文实例为大家分享了Django实现学员管理系统的具体代码，供大家参考，具体内容如下
要求：实现数据的增删改查功能，并同步至数据库中。此项目实现了前端以及后端的结合。
（1） 先在settings里配置static（存放的是css样式、js代码、以及imgs），可以加在文件末尾
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STATIC_URL = '/static/'STATICFILES_DIRS = [ os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'static')] |
（2） 首先，新建一个django项目，在项目下的urls.py文件里，配置跳转路由，跳转到首页
urls.py
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from django.conf.urls import url, includefrom django.contrib import admin urlpatterns = [ url(r'^admin/', admin.site.urls), url(r'^student/', include('student.urls'))] |
（3） 通过python manage.py startapp student命令创建一个student的app（不要忘记在settings中配置一下），并在models.py下执行mysql操作，在这里我们就直接在数据库里手动创建表，不再使用sql语句创建表了
models.py
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import pymysql# Create your models here. # 管理数据库class DBManager(object): @classmethod def open_sql(cls): conn = pymysql.connect( host='127.0.0.1', port=3306, db='students', user='root', password='123456', use_unicode=True, charset='utf8' ) DBManager.conn = conn DBManager.cursor = conn.cursor() @classmethod def close_sql(cls): DBManager.conn.commit() DBManager.cursor.close() DBManager.conn.close() # 数据模型类class StudnetModel(object): def __init__(self, s_id, s_name, s_phone): self.s_id = s_id self.s_name = s_name self.s_phone = s_phone self.table = 'students' def save(self): """ 保存数据模型到数据库 :return: False 表示数据已存在 True表示保存数据成功 """ DBManager.open_sql() # 如果s_id已存在，说明学号已存在 sql = f'SELECT * FROM students WHERE s_id={self.s_id}' if DBManager.cursor.execute(sql) > 0: # 数据已存在，插入失败 return False else: # 插入数据 sql = 'INSERT INTO students(s_id,s_name,s_phone)VALUES(%s,%s,%s)' DBManager.cursor.execute(sql,(self.s_id, self.s_name, self.s_phone)) DBManager.close_sql() return True @classmethod def delete(cls, s_id): """ 根据s_id删除数据 :param s_id: 要删除数据的id :return: False表示该数据不存在 True删除成功 """ DBManager.open_sql() # 删除的sql语句 sql = f'DELETE FROM students WHERE s_id={s_id}' DBManager.cursor.execute(sql) # rowcount 执行sql语句 影响的数据条数 if DBManager.cursor.rowcount > 0: DBManager.close_sql() return True else: return False @classmethod def object_with_id(cls, s_id): DBManager.open_sql() sql = f'SELECT * FROM students WHERE s_id={s_id}' DBManager.cursor.execute(sql) # 取出拿到的数据 result = DBManager.cursor.fetchone() DBManager.close_sql() if result: # 返回StudentModel对象 return cls(result[0], result[1], result[2], ) def modify(self): DBManager.open_sql() sql = f"UPDATE students SET s_name='{self.s_name}' , s_phone='{self.s_phone}' WHERE s_id={self.s_id}" DBManager.cursor.execute(sql) if DBManager.cursor.rowcount > 0: DBManager.close_sql() return True else: return False @classmethod def objects(cls): # 只要调用该函数，返回数据库中所有的数据 DBManager.open_sql() sql = 'SELECT * FROM students' DBManager.cursor.execute(sql) # 取出查询的所有数据,results是一个大元组 results = DBManager.cursor.fetchall() # 将results中每一个小元组转换为StudentModel对象 students = map(lambda t:cls(t[0], t[1], t[2]), results) # 关闭数据库 DBManager.close_sql() return students if __name__ == '__main__': StudnetModel.objects() |
（4） 接下来在自己新建的app下，再手动创建一个urls.py文件，用来配置具体路由，并在views.py文件里实现视图函数（存放具体的增删改查功能的函数）
student/urls.py
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from django.conf.urls import urlfrom .views import * urlpatterns = [ url(r'^$', student_index, name='stu_index'), url(r'^modify/(?P<s_id>\d+)/$', student_modify, name='modify'), url(r'^addstu/$', student_add, name='addstu'), url(r'^delstu/(?P<s_id>\d+)/$', student_del, name='delstu'),] |
student/views.py
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from django.shortcuts import render, redirectfrom django.http import HttpResponse from .models import StudnetModel# Create your views here. def student_index(reqeust): # 取出数据库中所有的数据 students = StudnetModel.objects() return render(reqeust, 'index.html', {'students': students}) def student_add(request): if request.method == 'POST': # 取出数据 s_id = request.POST.get('id', None) s_name = request.POST.get('name', None) s_phone = request.POST.get('phone', None) if s_id and s_name and s_phone: try: int(s_id) except Exception as e: return HttpResponse('id必须是纯数字！') # 创建数据模型对象 stu = StudnetModel(s_id, s_name, s_phone) # 保存数据 if stu.save(): # 重定向到首页 return redirect('/student') else: # 返回提示信息 return HttpResponse('该学号已存在！') else: return HttpResponse('添加信息不能为空！') else: # 其他访问方式，重定向到主页 return redirect('/student') def student_del(request, s_id): if request.method == 'GET': # MTV设计模式 # 根据id判断是否存在 if StudnetModel.delete(s_id): # 删除成功 return redirect('/student') else: # 删除数据不存在 return HttpResponse('要删除的数据不存在！') def student_modify(request, s_id): if request.method == 'GET': # 根据s_id 查询这个id对应的信息 stu = StudnetModel.object_with_id(s_id) if stu: return render(request, 'modify.html', {'stu': stu}) else: return HttpResponse('要修改的学员id不存在！！') elif request.method == 'POST': # 取出修改后的参数 s_name = request.POST.get('name') s_phone = request.POST.get('phone') stu = StudnetModel(s_id, s_name, s_phone) if stu.modify(): return redirect('/student') else: return HttpResponse('修改失败，请稍后重试！') |
（5） 最后就是在html代码中实现路由跳转，实现功能
首页html，index.html
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{% load static %}<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="zh-CN"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta name="author" content="bais"> <title></title> <link href="{% static 'css/bootstrap.min.css' %}" rel="stylesheet"> <style> .navbar { border-radius: 0px; margin-bottom: 0; } .titleContent { background-color: #eeeeee; } .mToolbar { padding-top: 10px; padding-bottom: 10px; } .container-fluid { padding-left: 8vw; } @media (max-width:768px) { .container-fluid { padding-left: 15px; } } .form-horizontal .control-label{ text-align: left; } </style></head> <body> <!-- 导航 --> <nav class="navbar navbar-inverse" role="navigation"> <div class="container-fluid"> <div class="navbar-header"> <button type="button" class="navbar-toggle" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#example-navbar-collapse"> <span class="sr-only">切换导航</span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> <span class="icon-bar"></span> </button> <a class="navbar-brand" href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >学员管理系统</a> </div> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse" id="example-navbar-collapse"> <ul class="nav navbar-nav"> <li class=""><a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >首页</a></li> <li class="active"><a href="#" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" rel="external nofollow" >学员</a></li> </ul> <ul class="nav navbar-nav navbar-right"> <li> <a href="#"></span> XXX<b class="caret"></b></a> </li> <li> <a href="#"></span> 退出</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <!-- 标题 --> <div class="container-fluid titleContent"> <h1>学员查询及管理</h1> </div> <!-- 工具栏部分 按钮 --> <div class="container-fluid mToolbar"> <button type="button" class="btn btn-success" data-toggle="modal" data-target="#myModal">添加</button> </div> <!-- 模态框：搜索按钮绑定的模态框 --> <div class="modal fade" id="myModal" tabindex="-1" role="dialog" aria-labelledby="myModalLabel" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="modal-header"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-hidden="true">×</button> <h4 class="modal-title" id="myModalLabel">搜索条件</h4> </div> <div class="modal-body"> <!-- 添加模态框中的表单 --> <form class="form-horizontal" role="form" action="{% url 'addstu' %}" method="post"> <div class="form-group"> <label for="firstname" class="col-sm-2 control-label">姓名</label> <div class="col-sm-4"> <input type="text" class="form-control" id="firstname" name="name" placeholder="学员姓名"> </div> </div> <div class="form-group"> <label for="lastname" class="col-sm-2 control-label">学号</label> <div class="col-sm-4"> <input type="text" class="form-control" id="lastname" name="id" placeholder="学员学号"> </div> </div> {% csrf_token %} <div class="form-group"> <label for="lastname" class="col-sm-2 control-label">电话</label> <div class="col-sm-7"> <input type="text" class="form-control" id="lastname" name="phone" placeholder="电话号码"> </div> </div> <div class="modal-footer"> <button type="submit" class="btn btn-success">提交</button> </div> </form> </div> </div> <!-- /.modal-content --> </div> <!-- /.modal --> </div> <!-- 表格 --> <div class="container-fluid"> <div class="table-responsive "> <table class="table table-bordered table-condensed"> <thead> <tr class="active"> <th>姓名</th> <th>学号</th> <th>电话</th> <th>编辑</th> <th>删除</th> <tbody> {% for stu in students %} <tr> <td>{{ stu.s_name }}</td> <td>{{ stu.s_id }}</td> <td>{{ stu.s_phone }}</td> <td><a href="{% url 'modify' stu.s_id %}" rel="external nofollow" ><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-edit"></span></a></td> <td><a href="{% url 'delstu' stu.s_id %}" rel="external nofollow" ><span class="glyphicon glyphicon-remove"></span></a></td> </tr> {% endfor %} </tbody> </tr> </thead> </table> </div> </div> <script src="{% static 'js/jquery-3.1.1.js' %}"></script> <script src="{% static 'js/bootstrap.min.js' %}"></script></body> </html> |
增加 / 修改学员页面，modif.html
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<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en"><head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>修改学员信息-{{ stu.s_name }}</title> <link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css" > <style> .smart-green { margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; max-width: 500px; background: #F8F8F8; padding: 30px 30px 20px 30px; font: 12px Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; color: #666; border-radius: 5px; -webkit-border-radius: 5px; -moz-border-radius: 5px; } .smart-green h1 { font: 24px "Trebuchet MS", Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; padding: 20px 0px 20px 40px; display: block; margin: -30px -30px 10px -30px; color: #FFF; background: #9DC45F; text-shadow: 1px 1px 1px #949494; border-radius: 5px 5px 0px 0px; -webkit-border-radius: 5px 5px 0px 0px; -moz-border-radius: 5px 5px 0px 0px; border-bottom: 1px solid #89AF4C; } .smart-green h1 > span { display: block; font-size: 11px; color: #FFF; } .smart-green label { display: block; margin: 0px 0px 5px; } .smart-green label > span { float: left; margin-top: 10px; color: #5E5E5E; } .smart-green input[type="text"], .smart-green input[type="email"], .smart-green textarea, .smart-green select { color: #555; height: 30px; line-height: 15px; width: 100%; padding: 0px 0px 0px 10px; margin-top: 2px; border: 1px solid #E5E5E5; background: #FBFBFB; outline: 0; -webkit-box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 2px rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.2); box-shadow: inset 1px 1px 2px rgba(238, 238, 238, 0.2); font: normal 14px/14px Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; } .smart-green textarea { height: 100px; padding-top: 10px; } .smart-green .button { background-color: #9DC45F; border-radius: 5px; -webkit-border-radius: 5px; -moz-border-border-radius: 5px; border: none; padding: 10px 25px 10px 25px; color: #FFF; text-shadow: 1px 1px 1px #949494; } .smart-green .button:hover { background-color: #80A24A; } .error-msg{ color: red; margin-top: 10px; } .success-msg{ color: #80A24A; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; } </style></head><body><form action="{% url 'modify' stu.s_id %}" method="post" class="smart-green"> {% csrf_token %} <h1>修改学员信息-{{ stu.s_name }} <span>请输入修改后的信息.</span> </h1> <label> <span>姓名 :</span> <input id="name" type="text" name="name" class="error" placeholder="请输入修改后姓名" value="{{ stu.s_name }}"> <div class="error-msg"></div> </label> <label> <span>电话 :</span> <input id="email" type="text" value="{{ stu.s_phone }}" name="phone" placeholder="请输入修改后的电话"/> <div class="error-msg"></div> </label> <label> <span> </span> <input type="submit" class="button" value="提交"/> </label> </form> </body></html> |
以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。
原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_42598133/article/details/83031942
