前言
表格的导入导出是我们在日常开发中经常会遇到的一个功能,正巧在最近的项目中做到了关于表格输出的功能,并且之前用tp的时候也做过,所以想着趁着这次功能比较多样的机会整理一下,方便以后需要的时候,或者有需要的朋友们参考学习,下面话不多说了,来一起看看详细的介绍:
本文是基于yii2框架进行开发的,不同框架可能会需要更改
一.普通excel格式表格输出
先是最普通的导出.xls格式的表格。首先先看一下表格在网站的显示效果
这里可以看到整个表格一共是7列。下面来看代码的实现。
1.controller文件
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//导出统计 public function actionstatistics(){ //设置内存 ini_set ( "memory_limit" , "2048m" ); set_time_limit(0); //获取用户id $id = yii:: $app ->user->identity->getid(); //去用户表获取用户信息 $user = employee::find()->where([ 'id' => $id ])->one(); //获取传过来的信息(时间,公司id之类的,根据需要查询资料生成表格) $params = yii:: $app ->request->get(); $objectphpexcel = new \phpexcel(); //设置表格头的输出 $objectphpexcel ->setactivesheetindex()->setcellvalue( 'a1' , '代理公司' ); $objectphpexcel ->setactivesheetindex()->setcellvalue( 'b1' , '收入' ); $objectphpexcel ->setactivesheetindex()->setcellvalue( 'c1' , '成本' ); $objectphpexcel ->setactivesheetindex()->setcellvalue( 'd1' , '稿件数' ); $objectphpexcel ->setactivesheetindex()->setcellvalue( 'e1' , '毛利(收入-成本)' ); $objectphpexcel ->setactivesheetindex()->setcellvalue( 'f1' , '毛利率(毛利/收入)*100%' ); $objectphpexcel ->setactivesheetindex()->setcellvalue( 'g1' , 'arpu值' ); //跳转到recharge这个model文件的statistics方法去处理数据 $data = recharge::statistics( $params ); //指定开始输出数据的行数 $n = 2; foreach ( $data as $v ){ $objectphpexcel ->getactivesheet()->setcellvalue( 'a' .( $n ) , $v [ 'company_name' ]); $objectphpexcel ->getactivesheet()->setcellvalue( 'b' .( $n ) , $v [ 'company_cost' ]); $objectphpexcel ->getactivesheet()->setcellvalue( 'c' .( $n ) , $v [ 'cost' ]); $objectphpexcel ->getactivesheet()->setcellvalue( 'd' .( $n ) , $v [ 'num' ]); $objectphpexcel ->getactivesheet()->setcellvalue( 'e' .( $n ) , $v [ 'gross_margin' ]); $objectphpexcel ->getactivesheet()->setcellvalue( 'f' .( $n ) , $v [ 'gross_profit_rate' ]); $objectphpexcel ->getactivesheet()->setcellvalue( 'g' .( $n ) , $v [ 'arpu' ]); $n = $n +1; } ob_end_clean(); ob_start(); header( 'content-type : application/vnd.ms-excel' ); //设置输出文件名及格式 header( 'content-disposition:attachment;filename="代理公司统计' . date ("ymdhis ").'.xls" '); //导出.xls格式的话使用excel5,若是想导出.xlsx需要使用excel2007 $objwriter = \phpexcel_iofactory::createwriter( $objectphpexcel , 'excel5' ); $objwriter ->save( 'php://output' ); ob_end_flush(); //清空数据缓存 unset( $data ); } |
2.model文件
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<?php namespace app\models; //model层的命名空间 //注意要引用yii的arrayhelper use yii\helpers\arrayhelper; use yii; class recharge extends \yii\db\activerecord { //excel一次导出条数 const excel_size = 10000; //统计导出 public static function statistics( $params ){ //导出时间条件 if ( empty ( $params [ 'min' ])){ $date_max = date ( "y-m-d" , strtotime ( "-1 day" )); $date_min = date ( "y-m-d" , strtotime ( "-31 day" )); } else { $date_min = $params [ 'min' ]; $date_max = $params [ 'max' ]; } $where = '' ; $where .= '(`issue_date` between ' . '\'' . $date_min . '\'' . ' and ' . '\'' . $date_max . '\')' ; //查找指定数据 $sql = 'select article.company_id, article.cost, article.company_cost from article where article.status=2 and '. $where ; $article = article::findbysql( $sql )->asarray()->all(); $article = arrayhelper::index( $article ,null, 'company_id' ); $companys = []; foreach ( $article as $key => $v ){ if ( empty ( $key )){ continue ; } else { $number = count ( $v ); $company = company::find()->where([ 'id' => $key ])->select( 'name' )->one(); $company_name = $company [ 'name' ]; $cost = 0; $company_cost = 0; foreach ( $v as $n ){ $cost += $n [ 'cost' ]; $company_cost += $n [ 'company_cost' ]; } if ( $company_cost == 0){ $company_cost =1; } //这里注意,数据的存储顺序要和输出的表格里的顺序一样 $companys [] = [ //公司名 'company_name' => $company_name , //收入 'company_cost' => $company_cost , //成本 'cost' => $cost , //稿件数 'num' => $number , //毛利 'gross_margin' => $company_cost - $cost , //毛利率 'gross_profit_rate' => round (( $company_cost - $cost )/ $company_cost *100,2). '%' , //arpu值 'arpu' => round ( $company_cost / $number ,2), ]; } } return $companys ; } } |
最终导出的效果(单元格大小导出后调整过)可以看到和网页显示的基本一样。
二.大数据表格导出
这时老板说了,我们不能只看总和的数据,最好是把详细数据也给导出来。既然老板发话了,那就做吧。还是按照第一种的方法去做,结果提示我php崩溃了,再试一次发现提示写入字节超出。打开php的配置文件php.ini
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memory_limit = 128m |
发现默认内存已经给到128m,应该是足够的了。于是我打开数据库一看,嚯!
接近83万条的数据进行查询并导出,可不是会出问题嘛!怎么办呢,于是我google了一下,发现对于大数据(2万条以上)的导出,最好是以.csv的形式。不说废话,直接上代码
1.controller文件
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//导出清单 public function actioninventory(){ ini_set ( "memory_limit" , "2048m" ); set_time_limit(0); $id = yii:: $app ->user->identity->getid(); $user = employee::find()->where([ 'id' => $id ])->one(); $params = yii:: $app ->request->get(); //类似的,跳转到recharge这个model文件里的inventory方法去处理数据 $data = recharge::inventory( $params ); //设置导出的文件名 $filename = iconv( 'utf-8' , 'gbk' , '代理商统计清单' . date ( "y-m-d" )); //设置表头 $headlist = array ( '代理商' , '文章id' , '文章标题' , '媒体' , '统计时间范围' , '状态' , '创建时间' , '审核时间' , '发稿时间' , '退稿时间' , '财务状态' , '成本' , '销售额' , '是否是预收款媒体类型' , '订单类别' ); header( 'content-type: application/vnd.ms-excel' ); //指明导出的格式 header( 'content-disposition: attachment;filename="' . $filename . '.csv"' ); header( 'cache-control: max-age=0' ); //打开php文件句柄,php://output 表示直接输出到浏览器 $fp = fopen ( 'php://output' , 'a' ); //输出excel列名信息 foreach ( $headlist as $key => $value ) { //csv的excel支持gbk编码,一定要转换,否则乱码 $headlist [ $key ] = iconv( 'utf-8' , 'gbk' , $value ); } //将数据通过fputcsv写到文件句柄 fputcsv ( $fp , $headlist ); //每隔$limit行,刷新一下输出buffer,不要太大,也不要太小 $limit = 100000; //逐行取出数据,不浪费内存 foreach ( $data as $k => $v ) { //刷新一下输出buffer,防止由于数据过多造成问题 if ( $k % $limit == 0 && $k !=0) { ob_flush(); flush (); } $row = $data [ $k ]; foreach ( $row as $key => $value ) { $row [ $key ] = iconv( 'utf-8' , 'gbk' , $value ); } fputcsv ( $fp , $row ); } } |
2.model文件(因为这部分我要处理的过多,所以只选择了部分代码),在查询数据那部分,因为要查的数据较多,所以可以结合我之前写的关于mysql大数据查询处理的文章看一下
//清单导出
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public static function inventory( $params ){ //统计时间范围 if (! empty ( $params [ 'min' ]) && ! empty ( $params [ 'max' ])){ $ti = strtotime ( $params [ 'max' ])+3600*24; $max = date ( 'y-m-d' , $ti ); $time = $params [ 'min' ]. '-' . $params [ 'max' ]; $date_min = $params [ 'min' ]; $date_max = $max ; } else { $date_max = date ( 'y-m-d' ); $date_min = date ( 'y-m-d' , strtotime ( "-31 day" )); $time = $date_min . '-' . $date_max ; } //查询数据 if ( $params [ 'state' ] == 1){ $where = '' ; $where .= ' and (`issue_date` between ' . '\'' . $date_min . '\'' . ' and ' . '\'' . $date_max . '\')' ; $map = 'select company.name, article.id, article.title, media.media_name, article.status, article.created, article.audit_at, article.issue_date, article.back_date, article.finance_status, article.cost, article.company_cost, media.is_advance from article left join custom_package on custom_package.id = article.custom_package_id left join `order` on custom_package.order_id = `order`.`id` left join company on company.id = article.company_id left join media on media.id = article.media_id where article.status=2 and `order`.package=0'. $where ; //查找的第一部分数据,使用asarray方法可以使我们查找的结果直接形成数组的形式,没有其他多余的数据占空间(注意:我这里查找分三部分是因为我要查三种不同的数据) $list1 = article::findbysql( $map )->asarray()->all(); $where2 = '' ; $where2 .= ' and (`issue_date` between ' . '\'' . $date_min . '\'' . ' and ' . '\'' . $date_max . '\')' ; $where2 .= ' and (`back_date` > \'' . $date_max . '\')' ; $map2 = 'select company.name, article.id, article.title, media.media_name, article.status, article.created, article.audit_at, article.issue_date, article.back_date, article.finance_status, article.cost, article.company_cost, media.is_advance from article left join custom_package on custom_package.id = article.custom_package_id left join `order` on custom_package.order_id = `order`.`id` left join company on company.id = article.company_id left join media on media.id = article.media_id where article.status=3 and `order`.package=0 '. $where2 ; //查找的第二部分数据 $list2 = article::findbysql( $map2 )->asarray()->all(); $where3 = '' ; $where3 .= ' and (`issue_date` between ' . '\'' . $date_min . '\'' . ' and ' . '\'' . $date_max . '\')' ; $map3 = 'select company.name, article.id, article.title, media.media_name, article.status, article.created, article.audit_at, article.issue_date, article.back_date, article.finance_status, article.cost, article.company_cost, media.is_advance from article left join custom_package on custom_package.id = article.custom_package_id left join `order` on custom_package.order_id = `order`.`id` left join company on company.id = article.company_id left join media on media.id = article.media_id where article.status=5 '. $where3 ; //查找的第三部分数据 $list3 = article::findbysql( $map3 )->asarray()->all(); $list4 = arrayhelper::merge( $list1 , $list2 ); $list = arrayhelper::merge( $list4 , $list3 ); } //把结果按照显示顺序存到返回的数组中 if (! empty ( $list )){ foreach ( $list as $key => $value ){ //代理公司 $inventory [ $key ][ 'company_name' ] = $value [ 'name' ]; //文章id $inventory [ $key ][ 'id' ] = $value [ 'id' ]; //文章标题 $inventory [ $key ][ 'title' ] = $value [ 'title' ]; //媒体 $inventory [ $key ][ 'media' ] = $value [ 'media_name' ]; //统计时间 $inventory [ $key ][ 'time' ] = $time ; //状态 switch ( $value [ 'status' ]){ case 2: $inventory [ $key ][ 'status' ] = '已发布' ; break ; case 3: $inventory [ $key ][ 'status' ] = '已退稿' ; break ; case 5: $inventory [ $key ][ 'status' ] = '异常稿件' ; break ; } //创建时间 $inventory [ $key ][ 'created' ] = $value [ 'created' ]; //审核时间 $inventory [ $key ][ 'audit' ] = $value [ 'audit_at' ]; //发稿时间 $inventory [ $key ][ 'issue_date' ] = $value [ 'issue_date' ]; //退稿时间 $inventory [ $key ][ 'back_date' ] = $value [ 'back_date' ]; //财务状态 switch ( $value [ 'finance_status' ]){ case 0: $inventory [ $key ][ 'finance_status' ] = '未到结算期' ; break ; case 1: $inventory [ $key ][ 'finance_status' ] = '可结算' ; break ; case 2: $inventory [ $key ][ 'finance_status' ] = '资源审批中' ; break ; case 3: $inventory [ $key ][ 'finance_status' ] = '财务审批中' ; break ; case 4: $inventory [ $key ][ 'finance_status' ] = '已结款' ; break ; case 5: $inventory [ $key ][ 'finance_status' ] = '未通过' ; break ; case 6: $inventory [ $key ][ 'finance_status' ] = '财务已审批' ; break ; } //成本 $inventory [ $key ][ 'cost' ] = $value [ 'cost' ]; //销售额 $inventory [ $key ][ 'company_cost' ] = $value [ 'company_cost' ]; //是否是预售 switch ( $value [ 'is_advance' ]){ case 0: $inventory [ $key ][ 'is_advance' ] = '否' ; break ; case 1: $inventory [ $key ][ 'is_advance' ] = '是' ; break ; case 2: $inventory [ $key ][ 'is_advance' ] = '合同' ; break ; } //订单类别 switch ( $params [ 'state' ]){ case 1: $inventory [ $key ][ 'order_type' ] = '时间区间无退稿完成订单' ; break ; case 2: $inventory [ $key ][ 'order_type' ] = '时间区间发布前退稿订单' ; break ; case 3: $inventory [ $key ][ 'order_type' ] = '时间区间发布后时间区间退稿订单' ; break ; case 4: $inventory [ $key ][ 'order_type' ] = '时间区间之前发布时间区间内退稿订单' ; break ; case 5: $inventory [ $key ][ 'order_type' ] = '异常订单' ; break ; } } } else { $inventory [0][ 'company_name' ] = '无数据导出' ; } return $inventory ; } |
3.导出结果
导出数量
导出的文件
基本上可以保证整个过程在2~4秒内处理完成
三.合并单元格
老板一看做的不错,说你顺便把充值统计的导出也做了把,想想我都是处理过这么多数据的人了,还不是分分钟搞定的事?来,上原型图
噗,一口老血,话都说了,搞吧。在做的时候我发现,这次的导出主要是要解决单元格合并的问题。经过查资料发现,php本身是实现不了单元格合并的,于是我打算通过phpexcel来实现
如果是使用phpexcel的话,基本操作是这样的(合并a1到e1)
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$objphpexcel ->getactivesheet()->mergecells( 'a1:e1' ); // 表格填充内容 $objphpexcel ->getactivesheet()->setcellvalue( 'a1' , 'the quick brown fox.' ); |
结果
或者这样的(合并a1到e4)
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$objphpexcel ->getactivesheet()->mergecells( 'a1:e4' ); $objphpexcel ->getactivesheet()->setcellvalue( 'a1' , 'the quick brown fox.' ); |
结果
这样并不能满足我的要求,首先它是一个一个合并的,其次我要显示的充值金额下面的类型是会变化的,不可能固定写死,然后每次都更改。所以放弃了这种方法。
后来在小伙伴的帮助下尝试用html转存excel的方法
1.方法文件(因为我要每天定时执行,所以并没有写到controller层)
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public function actionexcelrechargestatistics(){ //先定义一个excel文件 $filename = date ( '【充值统计表】(' . date ( 'y-m-d' ). '导出)' ). ".xls" ; header( "content-type: application/vnd.ms-execl" ); header( "content-type: application/vnd.ms-excel; charset=utf-8" ); header( "content-disposition: attachment; filename=$filename" ); header( "pragma: no-cache" ); header( "expires: 0" ); //时间条件 if ( empty ( $params [ 'min' ])){ $time = date ( 'y-m-d' , strtotime ( "+1 day" )); $where = ' created < \' ' . $time . '\'' ; } else { $time = $params [ 'min' ]+3600*24; $time_end = $params [ 'max' ]+3600*24; $where = ' created <= \' ' . $time_end . '\' and created >= \'' . $time . '\' ' ; } //充值类型列表 $recharge_type = recharge::find()->asarray()->all(); if ( empty ( $recharge_type )){ $rechargelist [0]= '' ; } else { $rechargelist = arrayhelper::map( $recharge_type , 'id' , 'recharge_name' ); } $rechargelist1 = $rechargelist ; $count = count ( $rechargelist1 ); //使用html语句生成显示的格式 $excel_content = '<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="application/ms-excel; charset=utf-8"/>' ; $excel_content .= '<table border="1" style="font-size:14px;">' ; $excel_content .= '<thead> <tr> <th rowspan= "2" >id</th> <th rowspan= "2" >公司名称</th> <th colspan= '.$count.' >充值金额</th> <th rowspan= "2" >充值大小</th> <th rowspan= "2" >实际消费</th> <th rowspan= "2" >当前余额</th> </tr> <tr> '; foreach ( $rechargelist1 as $v => $t ){ $excel_content .= '<th colspan="1">' . $t . '</th>' ; } $excel_content .= '</tr> </thead>'; //查找最新的固化数据 $search = rechargestatistics::find()->where( $where )->asarray()->all(); if (! empty ( $search )){ foreach ( $search as $key => $value ){ $search [ $key ][ 'recharge' ] = unserialize( $value [ 'recharge' ]); } } //html语句填充数据 if ( empty ( $search )){ } else { foreach ( $search as $k ) { $excel_content .= '<td>' . $k [ 'company_id' ]. '</td>' ; $excel_content .= '<td>' . $k [ 'company_name' ]. '</td>' ; foreach ( $rechargelist1 as $v => $t ){ $price = 0; foreach ( $k [ 'recharge' ] as $q => $w ){ if ( $w [ 'recharge_id' ] == $v ){ $price = $w [ 'price' ]; break ; } } $excel_content .= '<td>' . $price . '</td>' ; } $excel_content .= '<td>' . $k [ 'total' ]. '</td>' ; $excel_content .= '<td>' . $k [ 'consume' ]. '</td>' ; $excel_content .= '<td>' .( $k [ 'total' ]- $k [ 'consume' ]). '</td></tr>' ; } } $excel_content .= '</table>' ; echo $excel_content ; die ; } |
2.结果
到这里基本就完成所有的任务了!
总结
以上就是这篇文章的全部内容,希望本文的内容对大家的学习或者工作能带来一定的帮助,如果有疑问大家可以留言交流,谢谢大家对服务器之家的支持。
原文链接:https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000010237469