一、window和windowmanager
window是一个抽象类,它的具体实现是phonewindow,创建一个window很简单,只需要创建一个windowmanager即可,window具体实现在windowmanagerservice中,windowmanager和windowmanagerservice的交互是一个ipc的过程。
下面是用windowmanager的例子:
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mfloatingbutton = new button( this ); mfloatingbutton.settext( "window" ); mlayoutparams = new windowmanager.layoutparams( layoutparams. wrap_content, layoutparams.wrap_content, 0 , 0 , pixelformat. transparent); mlayoutparams. flags = layoutparams.flag_not_touch_modal | layoutparams. flag_not_focusable | layoutparams. flag_show_when_locked; mlayoutparams. type = layoutparams. type_system_error; mlayoutparams. gravity = gravity. left | gravity. top; mlayoutparams. x = 100 ; mlayoutparams. y = 300 ; mfloatingbutton.setontouchlistener( this ); mwindowmanager.addview( mfloatingbutton, mlayoutparams); |
flags和type两个属性很重要,下面对一些属性进行介绍,首先是flags:
flag_not_touch_modal表示不需要获取焦点,也不需要接收各种输入,最终事件直接传递给下层具有焦点的window。
flag_not_focusable:在此window外的区域单击事件传递到底层window中。当前的区域则自己处理,这个一般都要设置,很重要。
flag_show_when_locked :开启可以让window显示在锁屏界面上。
再来看下type这个参数:
window有三种类型:应用window,子window,系统window。应用类对应一个activity,子window不能单独存在,需要附属在父window上,比如常用的dialog。系统window是需要声明权限再创建的window,如toast等。
window有z-ordered属性,层级越大,越在顶层。应用window层级1-99,子window1000-1999,系统2000-2999。这此层级对应着windowmanager的type参数。系统层级常用的有两个type_system_overlay或者type_system_error。比如想用type_system_error,只需
mlayoutparams.type = layoutparams.type_system_error。还要添加权限<uses-permission andorid:name="android.permission.system_alert_window"/>。
有了对window的基本认识之后,我们来看下它底层如何实现加载view的。
二、window的创建
其实window的创建跟之前我写的一篇博客layoutinflater源码分析有点相似。window的创建是在activity创建的attach方法中,通过policymanager的makenewwindow方法。activity中实现了window的callback接口,因此当window状态改变时就会回调activity方法。如onattachedtowindow等。policymanager的真正实现类是policy,看下它的代码:
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public window makenewwindow(context context) { return new phonewindow(context); } |
到此window创建完成。
下面分析view是如何附属到window上的。看activity的setcontentview方法。
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public void setcontentview( int layoutresid) { getwindow().setcontentview(layoutresid); initwindowdecoractionbar(); } |
两部分,设置内容和设置actionbar。window的具体实现是phonewindow,看它的setcontent。
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public void setcontentview( int layoutresid) { // note: feature_content_transitions may be set in the process of installing the window // decor, when theme attributes and the like are crystalized. do not check the feature // before this happens. if (mcontentparent == null ) { installdecor(); } else if (!hasfeature(feature_content_transitions)) { mcontentparent.removeallviews(); } if (hasfeature(feature_content_transitions)) { final scene newscene = scene.getsceneforlayout(mcontentparent, layoutresid, getcontext()); transitionto(newscene); } else { mlayoutinflater.inflate(layoutresid, mcontentparent); } final callback cb = getcallback(); if (cb != null && !isdestroyed()) { cb.oncontentchanged(); } } |
看到了吧,又是分析它。
这里分三步执行:
1.如果没有decorview,在installdecor中的generatedecor()创建decorview。之前就分析过,这次就不再分析它了。
2.将view添加到decorview中的mcontentparent中。
3.回调activity的oncontentchanged接口。
经过以上操作,decorview创建了,但还没有正式添加到window中。在activityresumeactivity中首先会调用activity的onresume,再调用activity的makevisible,makevisible中真正添加view ,代码如下:
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void makevisible() { if (!mwindowadded) { viewmanager wm = getwindowmanager(); wm.addview(mdecor, getwindow().getattributes()); mwindowadded = true ; } mdecor.setvisibility(view.visible); } |
通过上面的addview方法将view添加到window。
三、window操作view内部机制
1.window的添加
一个window对应一个view和一个viewrootimpl,window和view通过viewrootimpl来建立联系,它并不存在,实体是view。只能通过 windowmanager来操作它。
windowmanager的实现类是windowmanagerimpl。它并没有直接实现三大操作,而是委托给windowmanagerglobal。addview的实现分为以下几步:
1).检查参数是否合法。
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if (view == null ) { throw new illegalargumentexception( "view must not be null" ); } if (display == null ) { throw new illegalargumentexception( "display must not be null" ); } if (!(params instanceof windowmanager.layoutparams)) { throw new illegalargumentexception( "params must be windowmanager.layoutparams" ); } final windowmanager.layoutparams wparams = (windowmanager.layoutparams)params; if (parentwindow != null ) { parentwindow.adjustlayoutparamsforsubwindow(wparams); } else { // if there's no parent and we're running on l or above (or in the // system context), assume we want hardware acceleration. final context context = view.getcontext(); if (context != null && context.getapplicationinfo().targetsdkversion >= build.version_codes.lollipop) { wparams.flags |= windowmanager.layoutparams.flag_hardware_accelerated; } } |
2).创建viewrootimpl并将view添加到列表中。
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root = new viewrootimpl(view.getcontext(), display); view.setlayoutparams(wparams); mviews.add(view); mroots.add(root); mparams.add(wparams); |
3).通过viewrootimpl来更新界面并完成window的添加过程 。
root.setview(view, wparams, panelparentview);
上面的root就是viewrootimpl,setview中通过requestlayout()来完成异步刷新,看下requestlayout:
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public void requestlayout() { if (!mhandlinglayoutinlayoutrequest) { checkthread(); mlayoutrequested = true ; scheduletraversals(); } } |
接下来通过windowsession来完成window添加过程,windowsession是一个binder对象,真正的实现类是 session,window的添加是一次ipc调用。
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try { morigwindowtype = mwindowattributes.type; mattachinfo.mrecomputeglobalattributes = true ; collectviewattributes(); res = mwindowsession.addtodisplay(mwindow, mseq, mwindowattributes, gethostvisibility(), mdisplay.getdisplayid(), mattachinfo.mcontentinsets, mattachinfo.mstableinsets, minputchannel); } catch (remoteexception e) { madded = false ; mview = null ; mattachinfo.mrootview = null ; minputchannel = null ; mfallbackeventhandler.setview( null ); unscheduletraversals(); setaccessibilityfocus( null , null ); throw new runtimeexception( "adding window failed" , e); } |
在session内部会通过windowmanagerservice来实现window的添加。
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public int addtodisplay(iwindow window, int seq, windowmanager.layoutparams attrs, int viewvisibility, int displayid, rect outcontentinsets, rect outstableinsets, inputchannel outinputchannel) { return mservice.addwindow( this , window, seq, attrs, viewvisibility, displayid, outcontentinsets, outstableinsets, outinputchannel); } |
在windowmanagerservice内部会为每一个应用保留一个单独的session。
2.window的删除
看下windowmanagerglobal的removeview:
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public void removeview(view view, boolean immediate) { if (view == null ) { throw new illegalargumentexception( "view must not be null" ); } synchronized (mlock) { int index = findviewlocked(view, true ); view curview = mroots.get(index).getview(); removeviewlocked(index, immediate); if (curview == view) { return ; } throw new illegalstateexception( "calling with view " + view + " but the viewancestor is attached to " + curview); } } |
首先调用findviewlocked来查找删除view的索引,这个过程就是建立数组遍历。然后再调用removeviewlocked来做进一步的删除。
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private void removeviewlocked( int index, boolean immediate) { viewrootimpl root = mroots.get(index); view view = root.getview(); if (view != null ) { inputmethodmanager imm = inputmethodmanager.getinstance(); if (imm != null ) { imm.windowdismissed(mviews.get(index).getwindowtoken()); } } boolean deferred = root.die(immediate); if (view != null ) { view.assignparent( null ); if (deferred) { mdyingviews.add(view); } } } |
真正删除操作是viewrootimpl来完成的。windowmanager提供了两种删除接口,removeviewimmediate,removeview。它们分别表示异步删除和同步删除。具体的删除操作由viewrootimpl的die来完成。
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boolean die( boolean immediate) { // make sure we do execute immediately if we are in the middle of a traversal or the damage // done by dispatchdetachedfromwindow will cause havoc on return. if (immediate && !misintraversal) { dodie(); return false ; } if (!misdrawing) { destroyhardwarerenderer(); } else { log.e(tag, "attempting to destroy the window while drawing!\n" + " window=" + this + ", java" id="highlighter_694217">
主要做四件事:
3.调用dispathdetachedfromwindow,在内部会调用ondetachedfromwindow()和ondetachedfromwindowinternal()。当view移除时会调用ondetachedfromwindow,它用于作一些资源回收。
3.更新window
通过viewrootimpl的setlayoutparams更新viewrootimpl的layoutparams,接着scheduletraversals对view重新布局,包括测量,布局,重绘,此外它还会通过windowsession来更新window。这个过程由windowmanagerservice实现。这跟上面类似,就不再重复,到此window底层源码就分析完啦。 以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助。 相关文章
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