bluepy 一款python封装的BLE利器简单介绍_Python

1、bluepy 简介
bluepy 是github上一个很好的蓝牙开源项目，其地址在 LINK-1，其主要功能是用python实现linux上BLE的接口。

This is a project to provide an API to allow access to Bluetooth Low Energy devices from Python. At present it runs on Linux only; I've mostly developed it using a Raspberry Pi, but it will also run on x86 Debian Linux.

支持python版本：The code is tested on Python 2.7 and 3.4; it should also work on 3.3.

2、安装

直接源码安装，python3加持：

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									sudo apt-get install git build-essential libglib2.0-dev

									git clone https://github.com/IanHarvey/bluepy.git

									cd bluepy

									python3 setup.py build

									sudo python3 setup.py install

注：不要用python2，这辈子都不会用python2!

注：进行到这一步突然惊醒我的台式机无蓝牙，遂开启我的无屏幕树莓派，用命令找其ip，并用ssh登录：

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									➜ Downloads sudo nmap -sS -p 22 192.168.31.0/24 | grep -B 5 -A 0 "Pi"

									Nmap scan report for 192.168.31.51

									Host is up (0.19s latency).

									PORT STATE SERVICE

									22/tcp open ssh

									MAC Address: B8:27:EB:71:33:AE (Raspberry Pi Foundation)

									➜ Downloads ssh pi@192.168.31.51

									pi@192.168.31.51's password: 1234

3、看文档，玩DEMO

bluepy 的文档地址 LINK-2

在bluepy中新建一个examples文件夹，用来存放接下来我们的测试DEMO：

3.1 scan devices demo

这里第一个DEMO是BLE设备扫描，这里用到了Scanner对象，该对象可以用来搜索BLE设备的广播包数据。在大多数情况下该对象将会扫描出周围所有可连接设备。

下面是我改造为python3的代码：

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									➜ examples git:(master) ✗ cat scan.py 

									#!/usr/bin/env python

									# coding=utf-8

									from bluepy.btle import Scanner, DefaultDelegate

									class ScanDelegate(DefaultDelegate):

									def __init__(self):

									DefaultDelegate.__init__(self)

									def handleDiscovery(self, dev, isNewDev, isNewData):

									if isNewDev:

									print("Discovered device", dev.addr)

									elif isNewData:

									print("Received new data from", dev.addr)

									scanner = Scanner().withDelegate(ScanDelegate())

									devices = scanner.scan(10.0)

									for dev in devices:

									print("Device %s (%s), RSSI=%d dB" % (dev.addr, dev.addrType, dev.rssi))

									for (adtype, desc, value) in dev.getScanData():

									print(" %s = %s" % (desc, value))

其中Scanner([index=0])用于产生并初始化一个新的scanner对象，index 用来指名哪一个蓝牙设备就会被用（默认0表示使用/dev/hci0）。扫描知道调用start或scan函数之后才会开始；
其中withDelegate(delegate)存储对委托对象的引用，委托对象在接收来自设备的广播时接收回调。有关详细信息，请参阅DefaultDelegate的文档；
其中scan([timeout = 10])开始扫描并带有超时，在此扫描期间扫描到的设备会触发Delegate的回调函数，我们可以在其回调函数中实时获取并打印。当超时后会返回一个设备列表；

执行效果如下：

bluepy 一款python封装的BLE利器简单介绍

注：注意用sudo运行，更详细的接口见 LINK-3

3.2 get services

bluepy 的DEMO有点少，我又找了个专是DEMO的github项目：LINK-5

将其中的getServices.py改造下：

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									➜ examples git:(master) ✗ cat get_setvices.py 

									import sys

									from bluepy.btle import UUID, Peripheral

									if len(sys.argv) != 2:

									print("Fatal, must pass device address:", sys.argv[0], "<device address="">")

									quit()

									p = Peripheral(sys.argv[1],"public")

									services=p.getServices()

									#displays all services

									for service in services:

									print(service)

其中Peripheral(sys.argv[1],"public")是用mac地址创建一个连接，由于我们上一步用scan搜索到的mac地址为public类型，因此这里第二个参数为"public"，更详细的介绍见 LINK-6；

其中getServices会返回所连接设备的服务；

执行效果如下：

bluepy 一款python封装的BLE利器简单介绍

3.3 get characteristics

同3.2获取characteristic的代码如下：

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									➜ examples git:(master) ✗ cat get_characteristics.py 

									import sys

									from bluepy.btle import UUID, Peripheral

									if len(sys.argv) != 2:

									print("Fatal, must pass device address:", sys.argv[0], "<device address="">")

									quit()

									p = Peripheral(sys.argv[1],"public")

									chList = p.getCharacteristics()

									print("Handle UUID Properties")

									print("-------------------------------------------------------") 

									for ch in chList:

									print(" 0x"+ format(ch.getHandle(),'02X') +" "+str(ch.uuid) +" " + ch.propertiesToString())

执行效果如下：

bluepy 一款python封装的BLE利器简单介绍

3.4 get device name

直接上代码：

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									➜ examples git:(master) ✗ cat get_device_name.py 

									import sys

									from bluepy.btle import UUID, Peripheral

									dev_name_uuid = UUID(0x2A00)

									if len(sys.argv) != 2:

									print("Fatal, must pass device address:", sys.argv[0], "<device address="">")

									quit()

									p = Peripheral(sys.argv[1],"public")

									try:

									ch = p.getCharacteristics(uuid=dev_name_uuid)[0]

									if (ch.supportsRead()):

									print(ch.read())

									finally:

									p.disconnect()