我们搜集金融数据,通常想要的是利用爬虫的方法。其实我们最近所学的class不仅可以进行类调用,在获取数据方面同样是可行的,很多小伙伴都比较关注理财方面的情况,对金融数据的需要也是比较多的。下面就class类在python中获取金融数据的方法为大家带来讲解。
使用tushare获取所有A股每日交易数据,保存到本地数据库,同时每日更新数据库;根据行情数据进行可视化和简单的策略分析与回测。由于篇幅有限,本文着重介绍股票数据管理(下载、数据更新)的面向对象编程应用实例。
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#导入需要用到的模块 import numpy as np import pandas as pd from dateutil.parser import parse from datetime import datetime,timedelta #操作数据库的第三方包,使用前先安装pip install sqlalchemy from sqlalchemy import create_engine #tushare包设置 import tushare as ts token = '输入你在tushare上获得的token' pro = ts.pro_api(token) #使用python3自带的sqlite数据库 #本人创建的数据库地址为c:\zjy\db_stock\ file = 'sqlite:///c:\\zjy\\db_stock\\' #数据库名称 db_name = 'stock_data.db' engine = create_engine( file + db_name) class Data( object ): def __init__( self , start = '20050101' , end = '20191115' , table_name = 'daily_data' ): self .start = start self .end = end self .table_name = table_name self .codes = self .get_code() self .cals = self .get_cals() #获取股票代码列表 def get_code( self ): codes = pro.stock_basic(list_status = 'L' ).ts_code.values return codes #获取股票交易日历 def get_cals( self ): #获取交易日历 cals = pro.trade_cal(exchange = '') cals = cals[cals.is_open = = 1 ].cal_date.values return cals #每日行情数据 def daily_data( self ,code): try : df0 = pro.daily(ts_code = code,start_date = self .start, end_date = self .end) df1 = pro.adj_factor(ts_code = code,trade_date = '') #复权因子 df = pd.merge(df0,df1) #合并数据 except Exception as e: print (code) print (e) return df #保存数据到数据库 def save_sql( self ): for code in self .codes: data = self .daily_data(code) data.to_sql( self .table_name,engine, index = False ,if_exists = 'append' ) #获取最新交易日期 def get_trade_date( self ): #获取当天日期时间 pass #更新数据库数据 def update_sql( self ): pass #代码省略 #查询数据库信息 def info_sql( self ): |
代码运行
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#假设你将上述代码封装成class Data #保存在'C:\zjy\db_stock'目录下的down_data.py中 import sys #添加到当前工作路径 sys.path.append(r 'C:\zjy\db_stock' ) #导入py文件中的Data类 from download_data import Data #实例类 data = Data() #data.save_sql() #只需运行一次即可 data.update_sql() data.info_sql() |
实例扩展:
Python下,pandas_datareader模块可以用于获取研究数据。例子如下:
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>>> from pandas_datareader.data import DataReader >>> >>> datas = DataReader(name = 'AAPL' , data_source = 'yahoo' , start = '2018-01-01' ) >>> >>> type (datas) < class 'pandas.core.frame.DataFrame' > >>> datas Open High Low Close Adj Close \ Date 2018 - 01 - 02 170.160004 172.300003 169.259995 172.259995 172.259995 2018 - 01 - 03 172.529999 174.550003 171.960007 172.229996 172.229996 2018 - 01 - 04 172.539993 173.470001 172.080002 173.029999 173.029999 2018 - 01 - 05 173.440002 175.369995 173.050003 175.000000 175.000000 2018 - 01 - 08 174.350006 175.610001 173.929993 174.350006 174.350006 2018 - 01 - 09 174.550003 175.059998 173.410004 174.330002 174.330002 2018 - 01 - 10 173.160004 174.300003 173.000000 174.289993 174.289993 2018 - 01 - 11 174.589996 175.490005 174.490005 175.279999 175.279999 2018 - 01 - 12 176.179993 177.360001 175.649994 177.089996 177.089996 Volume Date 2018 - 01 - 02 25555900 2018 - 01 - 03 29517900 2018 - 01 - 04 22434600 2018 - 01 - 05 23660000 2018 - 01 - 08 20567800 2018 - 01 - 09 21584000 2018 - 01 - 10 23959900 2018 - 01 - 11 18667700 2018 - 01 - 12 25226000 >>> >>> print (datas.to_csv()) Date, Open ,High,Low,Close,Adj Close,Volume 2018 - 01 - 02 , 170.160004 , 172.300003 , 169.259995 , 172.259995 , 172.259995 , 25555900 2018 - 01 - 03 , 172.529999 , 174.550003 , 171.960007 , 172.229996 , 172.229996 , 29517900 2018 - 01 - 04 , 172.539993 , 173.470001 , 172.080002 , 173.029999 , 173.029999 , 22434600 2018 - 01 - 05 , 173.440002 , 175.369995 , 173.050003 , 175.0 , 175.0 , 23660000 2018 - 01 - 08 , 174.350006 , 175.610001 , 173.929993 , 174.350006 , 174.350006 , 20567800 2018 - 01 - 09 , 174.550003 , 175.059998 , 173.410004 , 174.330002 , 174.330002 , 21584000 2018 - 01 - 10 , 173.160004 , 174.300003 , 173.0 , 174.289993 , 174.289993 , 23959900 2018 - 01 - 11 , 174.589996 , 175.490005 , 174.490005 , 175.279999 , 175.279999 , 18667700 2018 - 01 - 12 , 176.179993 , 177.360001 , 175.649994 , 177.089996 , 177.089996 , 25226000 >>> |
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