python爬虫写起来非常快，虽然也可以用java，但是没有python来的简洁迅速
selenium在前面总结过，是一个自动化测试库。headless chrome是无界面的浏览器模式，和PHANTOMJS类似。但是PHANTOMJS往往会出现莫名的错误，而且速度没有headless chrome快
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from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options global DRIVERchrome_options = Options()chrome_options.add_argument('--headless')chrome_options.add_argument('--disable-gpu') DRIVER = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=chrome_options) |
爬虫的代码有一点需要注意，需要操作事件的时候最好不要直接用相应的方法，比如click。最好嵌入js脚本的方式进行调用。因为爬虫的代码执行速度很快，前端元素结构往往反应不过来，从而找出元素不可见或者不存在的错误。
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province_items = DRIVER.find_element_by_class_name("city-province").find_elements_by_tag_name("a") #province_item.click()DRIVER.execute_script('arguments[0].click();',province_item) |
下面来个例子，由于做电商平台，省、市、区的数据很好找，但是没有镇、街道的信息。这里通过爬虫从淘宝网将镇，街道的信息抓取下来
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#! /usr/local/bin/python# encoding: utf-8 '''Created on 2018年1月5日 @author: wulinfeng@date: 2018-1-5''' import time#import requestfrom selenium import webdriver#from selenium.webdriver.common.desired_capabilities import DesiredCapabilitiesfrom selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Optionsimport pymysql def init_db(): global CONNECTION CONNECTION = pymysql.connect("地址","用户名","密码","数据库" ,use_unicode=True, charset="utf8") def init_web_driver(): global DRIVER #DRIVER = webdriver.PhantomJS(executable_path='C:\phantomjs-1.9.2-windows\phantomjs.exe') #DRIVER.set_window_size(1920, 1080) ''' dcap = dict(DesiredCapabilities.PHANTOMJS) dcap["phantomjs.page.settings.userAgent"] = ( "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.3; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 " "(KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/53.0.2785.116 Safari/537.36" ) dcap["phantomjs.page.settings.viewportSize"] = ( "width: 1920, " "height: 1080" ) DRIVER = webdriver.PhantomJS(executable_path='C:\phantomjs-1.9.2-windows\phantomjs.exe',desired_capabilities=dcap) DRIVER.set_window_size(1920, 1080) ''' chrome_options = Options() chrome_options.add_argument('--headless') chrome_options.add_argument('--disable-gpu') DRIVER = webdriver.Chrome(chrome_options=chrome_options) #DRIVER=webdriver.Ie() #DRIVER=webdriver.Chrome() def close_db(): CONNECTION.close() def close_web_driver(): DRIVER.quit() def login_taobao(username, password): DRIVER.get("https://member1.taobao.com/member/fresh/deliver_address.htm?spm=a1z08.2.0.0.7dad47611Wnj46") #DRIVER.get("https://login.taobao.com/member/login.jhtml?spm=a21bo.2017.201864-2.d1.7d2082a4FxukGr&f=top&redirectURL=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.taobao.com%2F") #选择登陆方式 DRIVER.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id=\"J_Quick2Static\"]").click() #登陆 input_user = DRIVER.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id=\"TPL_username_1\"]") input_user.clear() input_user.send_keys(username) DRIVER.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id=\"TPL_password_1\"]").send_keys(password) DRIVER.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id=\"J_SubmitStatic\"]").click(); time.sleep(0.5) def get_data(): #点击地址选择 #DRIVER.find_element_by_xpath("//*[@id=\"city-title\"]").click() city_title = DRIVER.find_element_by_id("city-title") DRIVER.execute_script('arguments[0].click();',city_title) get_province_and_sub() def get_province_and_sub(): #获得省列表 province_items = DRIVER.find_element_by_class_name("city-province").find_elements_by_tag_name("a") for province_item in province_items: pid = province_item.get_attribute("attr-id"); pname = province_item.get_attribute("title"); if pid == "-1": print("continue province") continue sql = "insert into region_province_t (province_id,province) values('"+pid+"','"+pname+"')" print(sql) cursor = CONNECTION.cursor() cursor.execute(sql) CONNECTION.commit() #province_item.click() DRIVER.execute_script('arguments[0].click();',province_item) time.sleep(0.5) get_city_and_sub(pid) back_tab(0) def get_city_and_sub(pid): #获得市列表 city_items = DRIVER.find_element_by_class_name("city-city").find_elements_by_tag_name("a") for city_item in city_items: cid = city_item.get_attribute("attr-id"); cname = city_item.get_attribute("title"); if cid == "-1": print("continue city") continue sql = "insert into region_city_t (city_id,city,province_id) values('"+cid+"','"+cname+"','"+pid+"')" print(sql) cursor = CONNECTION.cursor() cursor.execute(sql) CONNECTION.commit() #city_item.click() DRIVER.execute_script('arguments[0].click();',city_item) time.sleep(1) get_area_and_sub(cid) back_tab(1) def get_area_and_sub(cid): #获得县区列表 area_items = DRIVER.find_element_by_class_name("city-district").find_elements_by_tag_name("a") for area_item in area_items: aid = area_item.get_attribute("attr-id"); aname = area_item.get_attribute("title"); if aid == "-1": print("continue area") continue sql = "insert into region_area_t (area_id,area,city_id) values('"+aid+"','"+aname+"','"+cid+"')" print(sql) cursor = CONNECTION.cursor() cursor.execute(sql) CONNECTION.commit() #area_item.click() DRIVER.execute_script('arguments[0].click();',area_item) time.sleep(0.5) get_town_and_sub(aid) back_tab(2) def get_town_and_sub(aid): #获得镇列表 town_items = DRIVER.find_element_by_class_name("city-street").find_elements_by_tag_name("a") for town_item in town_items: tid = town_item.get_attribute("attr-id"); tname = town_item.get_attribute("title"); if tid == "-1": print("continue town") continue sql = "insert into region_town_t (town_id,town,area_id) values('"+tid+"','"+tname+"','"+aid+"')" print(sql) cursor = CONNECTION.cursor() cursor.execute(sql) CONNECTION.commit() def back_tab(index): districtEle = DRIVER.find_element_by_class_name("city-select-tab").find_elements_by_tag_name("a")[index] DRIVER.execute_script('arguments[0].click();',districtEle) time.sleep(0.5) init_db()init_web_driver()login_taobao("用户名", "密码")get_data()close_db()close_web_driver() |
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原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/guduyishuai/article/details/78988793
