一、xml简介
xml是实现不同语言或程序之间进行数据交换的协议，跟json差不多，但json使用起来更简单，不过，古时候，在json还没诞生的黑暗年代，大家只能选择用xml呀，至今很多传统公司如金融行业的很多系统的接口还主要是xml。
xml的格式如下，就是通过<>节点来区别数据结构的:
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<?xml version="1.0"?><data> <country name="Liechtenstein"> <rank updated="yes">2</rank> <year>2008</year> <gdppc>141100</gdppc> <neighbor name="Austria" direction="E"/> <neighbor name="Switzerland" direction="W"/> </country> <country name="Singapore"> <rank updated="yes">5</rank> <year>2011</year> <gdppc>59900</gdppc> <neighbor name="Malaysia" direction="N"/> </country> <country name="Panama"> <rank updated="yes">69</rank> <year>2011</year> <gdppc>13600</gdppc> <neighbor name="Costa Rica" direction="W"/> <neighbor name="Colombia" direction="E"/> </country></data> |
二、Python使用xml
xml协议在各个语言里的都 是支持的，在python中可以用以下模块操作xml：
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# print(root.iter('year')) #全文搜索# print(root.find('country')) #在root的子节点找，只找一个# print(root.findall('country')) #在root的子节点找，找所有import xml.etree.ElementTree as ETtree = ET.parse("xmltest.xml")root = tree.getroot()print(root.tag)#遍历xml文档for child in root: print('========>', child.tag, child.attrib, child.attrib['name']) for i in child: print(i.tag, i.attrib, i.text)#只遍历year 节点for node in root.iter('year'): print(node.tag, node.text)#---------------------------------------import xml.etree.ElementTree as ETtree = ET.parse("xmltest.xml")root = tree.getroot()#修改for node in root.iter('year'): new_year = int(node.text) + 1 node.text = str(new_year) node.set('updated', 'yes') node.set('version', '1.0')tree.write('test.xml')#删除nodefor country in root.findall('country'): rank = int(country.find('rank').text) if rank > 50: root.remove(country)tree.write('output.xml')#在country内添加（append）节点year2import xml.etree.ElementTree as ETtree = ET.parse("a.xml")root = tree.getroot()for country in root.findall('country'): for year in country.findall('year'): if int(year.text) > 2000: year2 = ET.Element('year2') year2.text = '新年' year2.attrib = {'update': 'yes'} country.append(year2) #往country节点下添加子节点tree.write('a.xml.swap') |
三、自己创建xml文档
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import xml.etree.ElementTree as ETnew_xml = ET.Element("namelist")name = ET.SubElement(new_xml, "name", attrib={"enrolled": "yes"})age = ET.SubElement(name, "age", attrib={"checked": "no"})sex = ET.SubElement(name, "sex")sex.text = '33'name2 = ET.SubElement(new_xml, "name", attrib={"enrolled": "no"})age = ET.SubElement(name2, "age")age.text = '19'et = ET.ElementTree(new_xml) #生成文档对象et.write("test.xml", encoding="utf-8", xml_declaration=True)ET.dump(new_xml) #打印生成的格式 |
以上就是python xml模块的简单使用的详细内容，更多关于python xml模块使用的资料请关注服务器之家其它相关文章！
原文链接：https://www.cnblogs.com/nickchen121/p/10807967.html
