概述
@SpringBootTest注解是SpringBoot自1.4.0版本开始引入的一个用于测试的注解。基本用法如下：
1.添加依赖：
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<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <groupId>com.cxh.test</groupId> <artifactId>generator</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>1.5.1.RELEASE</version> <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> </parent> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding> <project.reporting.outputEncoding>UTF-8</project.reporting.outputEncoding> <java.version>1.8</java.version> </properties> <dependencies> <!-- spring boot web 依赖 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- 修改后立即生效，热部署 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> <artifactId>springloaded</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-devtools</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- 视图 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId> </dependency> <!-- mybatis 依赖 --> <dependency> <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>1.3.0</version> </dependency> <!-- mysql 依赖 --> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>5.0.4</version> </dependency> <!-- alibaba的druid数据库连接池 --> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>1.1.9</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <dependencyManagement> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId> <version>Camden.SR6</version> <type>pom</type> <scope>import</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> </dependencyManagement> <build/></project> |
2. 编写启动入口类
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package com.cxh.study.platform; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; /** * * @desciption * @author ChenXiHua * */@SpringBootApplicationpublic class GeneratorApp { /** * @param args */ public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(GeneratorApp.class, args); } } |
3. 编写Controller类
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package com.cxh.study.platform; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; /** * * @desciption * @author ChenXiHua * */@SpringBootApplicationpublic class GeneratorApp { /** * @param args */ public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(GeneratorApp.class, args); } } |
4. 编写service类
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package com.cxh.study.platform.service; import java.util.List; import com.cxh.study.platform.entity.User; public interface IUserService { // 获取所有用户 List<User> getAll(); // 根据id获取用户 User getUserById(Integer id);} |
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package com.cxh.study.platform.service.impl; import java.util.List; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import com.cxh.study.platform.entity.User;import com.cxh.study.platform.mapper.IUserMapper;import com.cxh.study.platform.service.IUserService; @Service("userServiceImpl")public class UserServiceImpl implements IUserService { @Autowired private IUserMapper userMapper; @Override public List<User> getAll() { return userMapper.getAll(); } @Override public User getUserById(Integer id) { return userMapper.getUserById(id); } } |
5. 编写mapper类
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package com.cxh.study.platform.mapper; import java.util.List; import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Mapper; import com.cxh.study.platform.entity.User; @Mapperpublic interface IUserMapper { //获取所有用户 List<User>getAll(); //根据id获取用户 User getUserById(Integer id);} |
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<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?><!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" ><mapper namespace="com.cxh.study.platform.mapper.IUserMapper" > <!--获取所有用户 --> <select id="getAll" resultType="com.cxh.study.platform.entity.User"> SELECT * FROM s_user </select> <!-- 根据id获取单个用户 --> <select id="getUserById" parameterType="java.lang.Integer" resultType="com.cxh.study.platform.entity.User"> SELECT * FROM s_user where id=#{id} </select></mapper> |
6. 编写测试类
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package com.cxh.test; import java.net.URL;import java.util.List; import org.junit.Before;import org.junit.Test;import org.junit.runner.RunWith;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.LocalServerPort;import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;import org.springframework.boot.test.web.client.TestRestTemplate;import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner; import com.cxh.study.platform.GeneratorApp;import com.cxh.study.platform.entity.User; /** * * @desciption 用户管理测试类 * @author ChenXiHua * @date 2019年2月19日 * */@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)@SpringBootTest(classes = GeneratorApp.class, webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT)public class UserTest { /** * @LocalServerPort 提供了 @Value("${local.server.port}") 的代替 */ @LocalServerPort private int port; private URL base; @Autowired private TestRestTemplate restTemplate; @Before public void setUp() throws Exception { String url = String.format("http://localhost:%d/", port); System.out.println(String.format("port is : [%d]", port)); this.base = new URL(url); } /** * 向"/test"地址发送请求，并打印返回结果 * @throws Exception */ //@Test public void test1() throws Exception { ResponseEntity<String> response = this.restTemplate.getForEntity( this.base.toString() + "/test", String.class, ""); System.out.println(String.format("测试结果为：%s", response.getBody())); } //@Test public void getAllTest() throws Exception { ResponseEntity<List> response = this.restTemplate.getForEntity( this.base.toString() + "/getAll", List.class, ""); System.out.println(String.format("测试结果为：%s", response.getBody())); } @Test public void getUserByIdTest() throws Exception { ResponseEntity<User> response = this.restTemplate.getForEntity( this.base.toString() + "/getUserById?id=1", User.class, ""); System.out.println(String.format("测试结果为：%s", response.getBody().toString())); } } |
其中，classes属性指定启动类，SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT经常和测试类中@LocalServerPort一起在注入属性时使用。会随机生成一个端口号。
7.测试结果：
2019-02-19 16:18:27.933 INFO 6676 --- [ main] com.cxh.test.UserTest : Started UserTest in 25.637 seconds (JVM running for 27.647)
port is : [14067]
2019-02-19 16:18:31.366 INFO 6676 --- [o-auto-1-exec-1] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/] : Initializing Spring FrameworkServlet 'dispatcherServlet'
2019-02-19 16:18:31.367 INFO 6676 --- [o-auto-1-exec-1] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet : FrameworkServlet 'dispatcherServlet': initialization started
2019-02-19 16:18:31.462 INFO 6676 --- [o-auto-1-exec-1] o.s.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet : FrameworkServlet 'dispatcherServlet': initialization completed in 95 ms
测试结果为：User [id=1, account=cxh, password=123, type=1, status=1]
2019-02-19 16:18:35.326 INFO 6676 --- [ Thread-5] ationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext : Closing org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext@191004a: startup date [Tue Feb 19 16:18:05 CST 2019]; root of context hierarchy
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原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_39220472/article/details/87714756
