1.使用Paramiko登陆到单台交换机
实验拓扑
云彩桥接到本机环回接口：192.168.1.1/24
三层交换机IP：192.168.1.2/24
实验要求
使用Python Paramiko 模块实现SSH 登录单个交换机（192.168.56.2/24），配置LoopBack0地址：1.1.1.1/32。配置完成后，保存退出。
实验步骤 配置交换机管理地址，并测试与主机虚拟网卡连通性
[Huawei]vlan 10 [Huawei]int vlan 10 [Huawei-Vlanif10]ip add 192.168.1.2 24 [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port link-type access [Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]port default vlan 10
配置三层交换机开启 SSH 服务端，配置 SSH 账号密码。
[Huawei]user-interface vty 0 4 [Huawei-ui-vty0-4]authentication-mode aaa [Huawei-ui-vty0-4]protocol inbound ssh [Huawei-aaa]local-user python password cipher 123 [Huawei-aaa]local-user python privilege level 3 [Huawei-aaa]local-user python service-type ssh [Huawei]stelnet server enable [Huawei]ssh authentication-type default password
Python代码
import paramiko
import time
ip = "192.168.56.2"
username = "python"
password = "123"
ssh_client = paramiko.SSHClient()
ssh_client.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy()) //默认情况下，Paramiko会拒绝任何未知的SSH public keys，使用此函数使其接收来自交换机提供的public keys。
ssh_client.connect(hostname=ip, username=username, password=password, look_for_keys=False)
print("Successfully connect to " + ip)
commend = ssh_client.invoke_shell()
commend.send("sys
")
commend.send("interface LoopBack 0
")
commend.send("ip add 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255
")
commend.send("return
")
commend.send("save
")
commend.send("y
")
time.sleep(3) //稍等3秒，然后执行以下操作
output = commend.recv(65535) //截取本次运行script后的所有输出记录，将其assign给output变量
print(output.decode("ascii"))
ssh_client.close()
查看运行结果
在交换机上查看
也可以在交换机上debuggiing ip packet可以看到日志
2.使用Paramiko登陆到连续子网交换机
实验拓扑
连续子网三层交换机：管理地址 192.168.1.2/24 to 192.168.1.5/24
实验要求
登陆到各台交换机，并为其配置vlan 11 to 15，保存配置并退出。
实验步骤
配置管理口IP地址，并配置SSH Server 登陆名以及密码等
python代码
import paramiko
import time
#import getpass
#username = input("Username: ")
#password = getpass.getpass("Password: ") //pycharm中该模块运行没反应，用户名和密码还是直接写的
username = "python"
password = "123"
for i in range(2, 6):
ip = "192.168.1." + str(i)
ssh_client = paramiko.SSHClient()
ssh_client.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
ssh_client.connect(hostname=ip, username=username, password=password, look_for_keys=False)
command = ssh_client.invoke_shell()
print("Successfully connect to " + ip)
command.send("sys
")
for j in range(11, 16):
print("正在创建VLAN: " + str(j))
command.send("vlan " + str(j) + "
")
time.sleep(1)
command.send("return
")
command.send("save
")
command.send("y
")
time.sleep(2)
output = command.recv(65535).decode("ascii")
print(output)
ssh_client.close()
运行结果
3.Paramiko登陆不连续子网交换机
实验拓扑
将交换机LSW5的管理接口ip更改为192.168.1.6/24，使交换机ip不在同一网段
实验要求
使用Paramiko登陆四台ip不连续的交换机，并给其配置vlan11 to 15
实验步骤
创建一个文本文档，将需要配置的交换机的ip地址写入，这里我在Desktop下创建了一个名为ip.txt文档
使用open函数，打开文件，进行操作，实现不连续子网调用
import paramiko
import time
username = "python"
password = "123"
f = open("C:/Users/DELL/Desktop/ip.txt", "r")
for line in f.readlines():
ip = line.strip()
ssh_client = paramiko.SSHClient()
ssh_client.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
ssh_client.connect(hostname=ip, username=username, password=password)
print("Successfully connect to ", ip)
command = ssh_client.invoke_shell()
command.send("sys
")
command.send("vlan batch 11 to 15
")
time.sleep(2)
command.send("return
")
command.send("save
")
command.send("y
")
time.sleep(2)
output = command.recv(65535).decode("ascii")
print(output)
f.close()
ssh_client.close()
查看运行结果
4.sys.argv[ ] 实现灵活调用脚本所需文件
实验拓扑
假设1.2和1.3为一组，1.4和1.6为一组
实验要求
同时修改不同型号设备的配置，给SW1/3配置vlan11 to 15，SW4/5配置vlan16 to 20
实验步骤
创建两个名为ip1.txt，command1.txt的文件，存储1组的ip和要进行的配置
同样创建两个名为ip2.txt，command2.txt文件，存储2组的ip和要进行的配置
python代码
import paramiko
import time
import sys
username = "python"
password = "123"
ip_file = sys.argv[1]
cmd_file = sys.argv[2]
iplist = open(ip_file)
for line in iplist.readlines():
ip = line.strip()
ssh_client = paramiko.SSHClient()
ssh_client.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
ssh_client.connect(hostname=ip, username=username, password=password)
print("Successfully connect to ", ip)
command = ssh_client.invoke_shell()
cmdlist = open(cmd_file, "r")
cmdlist.seek(0)
for line in cmdlist.readlines():
command.send(line + "
")
time.sleep(5)
cmdlist.close()
output = command.recv(65535)
print(output)
iplist.close()
ssh_client.close()
查看运行结果（pycharm不可以使用argv，在cmd里使用）
5.SSH连接失败处理
import paramiko
import time
import sys
import socket
import getpass
username = input("Username: ")
password = getpass.getpass("Password: ")
ip_file = sys.argv[1]
cmd_file = sys.argv[2]
switch_with_authentication_issue = []
switch_not_reachable = []
iplist = open(ip_file, "r")
for line in iplist.readlines():
try:
ip = line.strip()
ssh_client = paramiko.SSHClient()
ssh_client.set_missing_host_key_policy(paramiko.AutoAddPolicy())
ssh_client.connect(hostname=ip, username=username, password=password,look_for_keys=False)
print("Successfully connect to " + ip)
command = ssh_client.invoke_shell()
cmdlist = open(cmd_file, "r")
cmdlist.seek(0)
for cmd in cmdlist.readlines():
command.send(cmd + "
")
time.sleep(1)
cmdlist.close()
output = command.recv(65535)
print(output.decode("ascii"))
except paramiko.ssh_exception.AuthenticationException:
print("User authentication failed for " + ip + ".")
switch_with_authentication_issue.append(ip)
except TimeoutError:
switch_not_reachable.append(ip)
iplist.close()
ssh_client.close()
print("
User authentication failed for below switches: ")
for i in switch_with_authentication_issue:
print(i)
print("
Below switchs are not reachable: ")
for i in switch_not_reachable:
print(i)
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原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_51045259/article/details/115100759
