一、背景
某天下班淋雨成了落汤鸡,发了个朋友圈感慨一下啊,然后......
夜深人静之时,突然收到了来自学妹的py文件,运行之后发现事情并不简单(如下图):
这是暗示我...下次出门给她带把伞?不管那么多,作为一个程序猿,遇到程序先拆解一下。
二、工具
爬虫:requests
解析:re
ui:tkinter
三、代码解读
想要做一个获取天气预报的小程序,第一步要做的就是能够进行天气预报的爬取,这里通过城市名称匹配百度天气的url进行爬取,并通过正则的方式进行解析,最终以字典的形式返回结果。
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class weather( object ): def __init__( self ): pass def crawl( self , key): url = 'http://weathernew.pae.baidu.com/weathernew/pc?query=' + key + '天气&srcid=4982&city_name=' + key + '&province_name=' + key # 设置请求头 headers = { 'user-agent' : 'mozilla/5.0 (windows nt 10.0; win64; x64) applewebkit/537.36 (khtml, like gecko) chrome/86.0.4240.198 safari/537.36' , 'referer' : 'https://googleads.g.doubleclick.net/' } # 页面html res = requests.get(url, headers = headers).text # 时间 time = re.search(r '\{\"update_time\":\"(.+?)\"' , res).group( 1 ) # 天气 weather = re.search(r '\"weather\"\:\"(.+?)\"' , res).group( 1 ) weather = weather.encode( 'utf-8' ).decode( "unicode-escape" ) # 气温 weather_l = re.search(r 'temperature_night\"\:\"(.+?)\"' , res).group( 1 ) weather_h = re.search(r 'temperature_day\"\:\"(.+?)\"' , res).group( 1 ) # 风力 wind_now = re.search(r '\"wind_power_day\"\:\"(.+?)\"' , res).group( 1 ) wind_now = wind_now.encode( 'utf-8' ).decode( "unicode-escape" ) wind_name = re.search(r '\"wind_direction_day\"\:\"(.+?)\"' , res).group( 1 ) wind_name = wind_name.encode( 'utf-8' ).decode( "unicode-escape" ) wind = wind_name + wind_now # 贴示 desc = re.search(r '\"desc\"\:\"(.+?)\"' , res).group( 1 ) desc = desc.encode( 'utf-8' ).decode( "unicode-escape" ) # 结果生 dic = { '城市' : key, '更新时间' : time, '天气' : weather, '温度' : weather_l + '-' + weather_h + '摄氏度' , '风力' : wind, '贴示' : desc, } return dic |
写好了爬取天气预报的代码之后,下面就可以写一个ui来和输入/爬取的内容进行交互的,写ui的方式大同小异,代码如下:
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class weather_ui( object ): def __init__( self ): self .window = tk() self .weather = weather() self .window.title(u '天气预报' ) # 设置窗口大小和位置 self .window.geometry( '310x370' ) # 创建一个文本框 self .result_text0 = label( self .window, text = u '学长所在城市:\n要写中文呦' ) self .result_text0.place(x = 10 , y = 5 , height = 130 ) self .result_text0.bind( '提示' ) self .result_text1 = text( self .window, background = '#ccc' ) self .result_text1.place(x = 140 , y = 10 , width = 155 , height = 155 ) self .result_text1.bind( "<key-return>" , self .submit) # 创建一个按钮 # 为按钮添加事件 self .submit_btn = button( self .window, text = u '获取天气' , command = self .submit) self .submit_btn.place(x = 170 , y = 165 , width = 70 , height = 25 ) self .submit_btn2 = button( self .window, text = u '清空' , command = self .clean) self .submit_btn2.place(x = 250 , y = 165 , width = 35 , height = 25 ) # 标题 self .title_label = label( self .window, text = u '今日天气:' ) self .title_label.place(x = 10 , y = 165 ) # 结果 self .result_text = text( self .window, background = '#ccc' ) self .result_text.place(x = 10 , y = 190 , width = 285 , height = 165 ) def submit( self ): # 从输入框获取用户输入的值 content = self .result_text1.get( 0.0 , end).strip().replace( "\n" , " " ) # 把城市信息传到爬虫函数中 result = self .weather.crawl(content) # 将结果显示在窗口中的文本框中 for k, v in result.items(): self .result_text.insert(end, k + ':' + v) self .result_text.insert(end, '\n' ) self .result_text.insert(end, '\n' ) # 清空文本域中的内容 def clean( self ): self .result_text1.delete( 0.0 , end) self .result_text.delete( 0.0 , end) def run( self ): self .window.mainloop() |
运行结果如下:
四、完整代码
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import json import requests import re import tkinter as tk from tkinter import tk, button, entry, label, text, end class weather( object ): def __init__( self ): pass def crawl( self , key): url = 'http://weathernew.pae.baidu.com/weathernew/pc?query=' + key + '天气&srcid=4982&city_name=' + key + '&province_name=' + key # 设置请求头 headers = { 'user-agent' : 'mozilla/5.0 (windows nt 10.0; win64; x64) applewebkit/537.36 (khtml, like gecko) chrome/86.0.4240.198 safari/537.36' , 'referer' : 'https://googleads.g.doubleclick.net/' } # 页面html res = requests.get(url, headers = headers).text # 时间 time = re.search(r '\{\"update_time\":\"(.+?)\"' , res).group( 1 ) # 天气 weather = re.search(r '\"weather\"\:\"(.+?)\"' , res).group( 1 ) weather = weather.encode( 'utf-8' ).decode( "unicode-escape" ) # 气温 weather_l = re.search(r 'temperature_night\"\:\"(.+?)\"' , res).group( 1 ) weather_h = re.search(r 'temperature_day\"\:\"(.+?)\"' , res).group( 1 ) # 风力 wind_now = re.search(r '\"wind_power_day\"\:\"(.+?)\"' , res).group( 1 ) wind_now = wind_now.encode( 'utf-8' ).decode( "unicode-escape" ) wind_name = re.search(r '\"wind_direction_day\"\:\"(.+?)\"' , res).group( 1 ) wind_name = wind_name.encode( 'utf-8' ).decode( "unicode-escape" ) wind = wind_name + wind_now # 贴示 desc = re.search(r '\"desc\"\:\"(.+?)\"' , res).group( 1 ) desc = desc.encode( 'utf-8' ).decode( "unicode-escape" ) # 结果生 dic = { '城市' : key, '更新时间' : time, '天气' : weather, '温度' : weather_l + '-' + weather_h + '摄氏度' , '风力' : wind, '贴示' : desc, } return dic class weather_ui( object ): def __init__( self ): self .window = tk() self .weather = weather() self .window.title(u '天气预报' ) # 设置窗口大小和位置 self .window.geometry( '310x370' ) # 创建一个文本框 self .result_text0 = label( self .window, text = u '学长所在城市:\n要写中文呦' ) self .result_text0.place(x = 10 , y = 5 , height = 130 ) self .result_text0.bind( '提示' ) self .result_text1 = text( self .window, background = '#ccc' ) self .result_text1.place(x = 140 , y = 10 , width = 155 , height = 155 ) self .result_text1.bind( "<key-return>" , self .submit) # 创建一个按钮 # 为按钮添加事件 self .submit_btn = button( self .window, text = u '获取天气' , command = self .submit) self .submit_btn.place(x = 170 , y = 165 , width = 70 , height = 25 ) self .submit_btn2 = button( self .window, text = u '清空' , command = self .clean) self .submit_btn2.place(x = 250 , y = 165 , width = 35 , height = 25 ) # 标题 self .title_label = label( self .window, text = u '今日天气:' ) self .title_label.place(x = 10 , y = 165 ) # 结果 self .result_text = text( self .window, background = '#ccc' ) self .result_text.place(x = 10 , y = 190 , width = 285 , height = 165 ) def submit( self ): # 从输入框获取用户输入的值 content = self .result_text1.get( 0.0 , end).strip().replace( "\n" , " " ) # 把城市信息传到爬虫函数中 result = self .weather.crawl(content) # 将结果显示在窗口中的文本框中 for k, v in result.items(): self .result_text.insert(end, k + ':' + v) self .result_text.insert(end, '\n' ) self .result_text.insert(end, '\n' ) # 清空文本域中的内容 def clean( self ): self .result_text1.delete( 0.0 , end) self .result_text.delete( 0.0 , end) def run( self ): self .window.mainloop() a = weather_ui() a.run() |
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原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/qq_35164554/article/details/117626773