在centos 6.3下安装完oracle 10g r2，重开机之后，你会发现oracle没有自行启动，这是正常的，因为在linux下安装oracle的确不会自行启动，必须要自行设定相关参数，首先先介绍一般而言如何启动oracle。
一、在linux下启动oracle
登录到centos，切换到oracle用户权限
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# su – oracle |
接着输入：
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$ sqlplus "/as sysdba" |
原本的画面会变为
sql>
接着请输入
sql> startup
就可以正常的启动数据库了。
另外停止数据库的指令如下：
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sql> shutdown immediate |
二、检查oracle db监听器是否正常
回到终端机模式，输入：
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$ lsnrctl status |
检查看看监听器是否有启动
如果没有启动，可以输入：
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$ lsnrctl start |
启动监听器
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sql> conn sys@orcl as sysdba |
然后输入密码，sys以sysdba身份登入数据库。
三、启动emctl
另外也可以发现http://localhost.localdomain:1158/em 目前是没有反应的，这边要另外启动，启动的指令如下：
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$ emctl start dbconsole |
这个指令运行时间较长，执行完的画面如下：
手动启动oracle数据库完毕，下面创建系统自行启动oracle的脚本。
四、oracle启动&停止脚本
1. 修改oracle系统配置文件：/etc/oratab，只有这样，oracle 自带的dbstart和dbshut才能够发挥作用。
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# vi /etc/orataborcl:/opt/oracle/102:y# entries are of the form:# $oracle_sid:$oracle_home:<n|y>: |
2. 在 /etc/init.d/ 下创建文件oracle，内容如下：
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#!/bin/sh# chkconfig: 35 80 10# description: oracle auto start-stop script.## set ora_home to be equivalent to the $oracle_home# from which you wish to execute dbstart and dbshut;## set ora_owner to the user id of the owner of the# oracle database in ora_home.ora_home=/opt/oracle/102ora_owner=oracleif [ ! -f $ora_home/bin/dbstart ]then echo "oracle startup: cannot start" exitficase "$1" in'start')# start the oracle databases:echo "starting oracle databases ... "echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracledate +" %t %a %d : starting oracle databases as part of system up." >> /var/log/oracleecho "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oraclesu - $ora_owner -c "$ora_home/bin/dbstart" >>/var/log/oracleecho "done"# start the listener:echo "starting oracle listeners ... "echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracledate +" %t %a %d : starting oracle listeners as part of system up." >> /var/log/oracleecho "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oraclesu - $ora_owner -c "$ora_home/bin/lsnrctl start" >>/var/log/oracleecho "done."echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracledate +" %t %a %d : finished." >> /var/log/oracleecho "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracletouch /var/lock/subsys/oracle;;'stop')# stop the oracle listener:echo "stoping oracle listeners ... "echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracledate +" %t %a %d : stoping oracle listener as part of system down." >> /var/log/oracleecho "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oraclesu - $ora_owner -c "$ora_home/bin/lsnrctl stop" >>/var/log/oracleecho "done."rm -f /var/lock/subsys/oracle# stop the oracle database:echo "stoping oracle databases ... "echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracledate +" %t %a %d : stoping oracle databases as part of system down." >> /var/log/oracleecho "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oraclesu - $ora_owner -c "$ora_home/bin/dbshut" >>/var/log/oracleecho "done."echo ""echo "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracledate +" %t %a %d : finished." >> /var/log/oracleecho "-------------------------------------------------" >> /var/log/oracle;;'restart')$0 stop$0 start;;esac |
3. 改变文件权限
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# chmod 755 /etc/init.d/oracle |
4. 添加服务
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# chkconfig --level 35 oracle on |
5. 需要在关机或重启机器之前停止数据库，做一下操作
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# ln -s /etc/init.d/oracle /etc/rc0.d/k01oracle //关机# ln -s /etc/init.d/oracle /etc/rc6.d/k01oracle //重启 |
6. 使用方法
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# service oracle start //启动oracle # service oracle stop //关闭oracle # service oracle restart //重启oracle |
7. 测试
a. 开机自启动
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last login: mon nov 26 19:57:06 2012 from 10.0.0.145[root@ors ~]# su - oracle[oracle@ors ~]$ sqlplus "/as sysdba"sql*plus: release 10.2.0.1.0 - production on mon nov 26 20:07:33 2012copyright (c) 1982, 2005, oracle. all rights reserved.connected to:oracle database 10g enterprise edition release 10.2.0.1.0 - productionwith the partitioning, olap and data mining optionssql> set linesize 300;sql> set pagesize 30;sql> select * from scott.emp; empno ename job mgr hiredate sal comm deptno---------- ---------- --------- ---------- --------- ---------- ---------- ----------smith clerk 7902 17-dec-80 800 20allen salesman 7698 20-feb-81 1600 300 30ward salesman 7698 22-feb-81 1250 500 30jones manager 7839 02-apr-81 2975 20martin salesman 7698 28-sep-81 1250 1400 30blake manager 7839 01-may-81 2850 30clark manager 7839 09-jun-81 2450 10scott analyst 7566 19-apr-87 3000 20king president 17-nov-81 5000 10turner salesman 7698 08-sep-81 1500 0 30adams clerk 7788 23-may-87 1100 20james clerk 7698 03-dec-81 950 30ford analyst 7566 03-dec-81 3000 20miller clerk 7782 23-jan-82 1300 10rows selected.sql> |
b. service oracle stop
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sql> disconnected from oracle database 10g enterprise edition release 10.2.0.1.0 - productionwith the partitioning, olap and data mining options[oracle@ors ~]$ logout[root@ors ~]# service oracle stopstoping oracle listeners ... done.stoping oracle databases ... done.[root@ors ~]# su - oracle[oracle@ors ~]$ sqlplus "/as sysdba"sql*plus: release 10.2.0.1.0 - production on mon nov 26 20:17:20 2012copyright (c) 1982, 2005, oracle. all rights reserved.connected to an idle instance.sql> set linesize 300;sql> set pagesize 30;sql> select * from scott.emp;select * from scott.emp*error at line 1:ora-01034: oracle not availablesql> |
c. service oracle start
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sql> disconnected[oracle@ors ~]$ logout[root@ors ~]# service oracle startstarting oracle databases ... donestarting oracle listeners ... done.[root@ors ~]# |
d. service oracle restart
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[root@ors ~]# service oracle restartstoping oracle listeners ... done.stoping oracle databases ... done.starting oracle databases ... donestarting oracle listeners ... done.[root@ors ~]# |
至此，oracle服务启动&停止脚本与开机自启动设置完毕。
以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。
原文链接：http://www.cnblogs.com/mchina/archive/2012/11/27/2782993.html
