如何使用python爬取B站排行榜Top100的视频数据

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1、第三方库导入

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup # 解析网页
import re   # 正则表达式，进行文字匹配
import urllib.request,urllib.error  # 通过浏览器请求数据
import sqlite3  # 轻型数据库
import time  # 获取当前时间

 

2、程序运行主函数

爬取过程主要包括声明爬取网页 -> 爬取网页数据并解析 -> 保存数据

def main():
	#声明爬取网站
  baseurl = "https://www.bilibili.com/v/popular/rank/all"
  #爬取网页
  datalist = getData(baseurl)
  # print(datalist)
  #保存数据
  dbname = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d", time.localtime())
  dbpath = "BiliBiliTop100  " + dbname
  saveData(datalist,dbpath)

（1）在爬取的过程中采用的技术为：伪装成浏览器对数据进行请求；
（2）解析爬取到的网页源码时：采用Beautifulsoup解析出需要的数据，使用re正则表达式对数据进行匹配；
（3）保存数据时，考虑到B站排行榜是每日进行刷新，故可以用当前日期进行保存数据库命名。

 

3、程序运行结果

数据库中包含的数据有：排名、视频链接、标题、播放量、评论量、作者、综合分数这7个数据。

 

4、程序源代码

from bs4 import BeautifulSoup #解析网页
import re # 正则表达式，进行文字匹配
import urllib.request,urllib.error
import sqlite3
import time


def main():
  #声明爬取网站
  baseurl = "https://www.bilibili.com/v/popular/rank/all"
  #爬取网页
  datalist = getData(baseurl)
  # print(datalist)
  #保存数据
  dbname = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d", time.localtime())
  dbpath = "BiliBiliTop100  " + dbname
  saveData(datalist,dbpath)

#re正则表达式
findLink =re.compile(r'<a class="title" href="(.*?)" rel="external nofollow" ') #视频链接
findOrder = re.compile(r'<div class="num">(.*?)</div>') #榜单次序
findTitle = re.compile(r'<a class="title" href=".*?" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  target="_blank">(.*?)</a>') #视频标题
findPlay = re.compile(r'<span class="data-box"><i class="b-icon play"></i>([\s\S]*)(.*?)</span> <span class="data-box">') #视频播放量
findView = re.compile(r'<span class="data-box"><i class="b-icon view"></i>([\s\S]*)(.*?)</span> <a href=".*?" rel="external nofollow"  rel="external nofollow"  target="_blank"><span class="data-box up-name">') # 视频评价数
findName = re.compile(r'<i class="b-icon author"></i>(.*?)</span></a>',re.S) #视频作者
findScore = re.compile(r'<div class="pts"><div>(.*?)</div>综合得分',re.S) #视频得分
def getData(baseurl):
  datalist = []
  html = askURL(baseurl)
  #print(html)

  soup = BeautifulSoup(html,'html.parser')  #解释器
  for item in soup.find_all('li',class_="rank-item"):
      # print(item)
      data = []
      item = str(item)

      Order = re.findall(findOrder,item)[0]
      data.append(Order)
      # print(Order)

      Link = re.findall(findLink,item)[0]
      Link = 'https:' + Link
      data.append(Link)
      # print(Link)

      data.append(Title)
      # print(Title)

      Play = re.findall(findPlay,item)[0][0]
      Play = Play.replace(" ","")
      Play = Play.replace("\n","")
      Play = Play.replace(".","")
      Play = Play.replace("万","0000")
      data.append(Play)
      # print(Play)

      View = re.findall(findView,item)[0][0]
      View = View.replace(" ","")
      View = View.replace("\n","")
      View = View.replace(".","")
      View = View.replace("万","0000")
      data.append(View)
      # print(View)

      Name = re.findall(findName,item)[0]
      Name = Name.replace(" ","")
      Name = Name.replace("\n","")
      data.append(Name)
      # print(Name)

      Score = re.findall(findScore,item)[0]
      data.append(Score)
      # print(Score)
      datalist.append(data)
  return datalist

def askURL(url):
  #设置请求头
  head = {
      "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0;Win64;x64) AppleWebKit/537.36(KHTML, likeGecko) Chrome/80.0.3987.163Safari/537.36"
  }
  request = urllib.request.Request(url, headers = head)
  html = ""
  try:
      response = urllib.request.urlopen(request)
      html = response.read().decode("utf-8")
      #print(html)
  except urllib.error.URLError as e:
      if hasattr(e,"code"):
          print(e.code)
      if hasattr(e,"reason"):
          print(e.reason)
  return html

def saveData(datalist,dbpath):
  init_db(dbpath)
  conn = sqlite3.connect(dbpath)
  cur = conn.cursor()

  for data in datalist:
      sql = '''
      insert into Top100(
      id,info_link,title,play,view,name,score)
      values("%s","%s","%s","%s","%s","%s","%s")'''%(data[0],data[1],data[2],data[3],data[4],data[5],data[6])
      print(sql)
      cur.execute(sql)
      conn.commit()
  cur.close()
  conn.close()

def init_db(dbpath):
  sql = '''
  create table Top100
  (
  id integer primary key autoincrement,
  info_link text,
  title text,
  play numeric,
  view numeric,
  name text,
  score numeric
  )
  '''
  conn = sqlite3.connect(dbpath)
  cursor = conn.cursor()
  cursor.execute(sql)
  conn.commit()
  conn.close()



if __name__ =="__main__":
  main()

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原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/gets_s/article/details/114788402