在项目中经常用到蓝牙的应用,在这里特意写了一个demo。并且封装了代码,可以主动连接和被动连接一起使用,也可以分开使用。方便后面以后查询使用,也重新踩了部分坑。
项目地址:android实现蓝牙聊天功能
1、程序简单的界面
2、客户端,主动连接
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package com.bluetooth.tool; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothSocket; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import java.io.OutputStream; import java.util.UUID; //蓝牙连接管理类 public class BluetoothManage { private static final Object mLock = new Object(); //蓝牙类的具体实现核心成员 private BluetoothAdapter mBtAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter(); //蓝牙类的具体数据核心成员 private BluetoothSocket mTransferSocket = null ; //当前连接的蓝牙地址 String mstrName = "" ; //当前连接用到的IP地址 String mstrAddress = "" ; //当前连接用到的IP地址 //读线程 ReadThread mReadThread = null ; //从数据核心成员拿到的输入输出 InputStream mInputStream = null ; OutputStream mOutputStream = null ; private static BluetoothManage manage = null ; public static BluetoothManage getInstance(){ synchronized (BluetoothManage. class ){ if (manage == null ) manage = new BluetoothManage(); } return manage; } public boolean sendData( int nLength, byte [] data) { if (mOutputStream == null ) return false ; try { mOutputStream.write(data, 0 , nLength); return true ; } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return false ; } ConnectListener mConnectListener = null ; public void regConnectListener(ConnectListener arg0) { mConnectListener = arg0; } TopDataIOListener mIOListener = null ; public void regIOListener(TopDataIOListener arg0) { mIOListener = arg0; } public void unRegIOListener() { mIOListener = null ; } public boolean setSelectedDevice(String strDevice) { String[] strings = strDevice.split( "\\|" ); if (strings.length == 2 ) { mstrName = strings[ 0 ]; mstrAddress = strings[ 1 ]; return true ; } return false ; } public String getSelectedDeviceName() { if (mstrAddress.length() == 0 ) { return null ; } return String.format( "%s|%s" , mstrName, mstrAddress); } public void connect() { if (mstrAddress.length() == 0 ) return ; final BluetoothDevice device = mBtAdapter.getRemoteDevice(mstrAddress); new Thread( new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { synchronized (mLock) { String strLogString = "" ; try { try { mTransferSocket = device.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(UUID.fromString( "00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB" )); } catch (IOException e1) { mTransferSocket = null ; } if (mTransferSocket == null ) { if ( null != mConnectListener) mConnectListener.OnConnectStatusCallBack( false ); return ; } long nStartMillTime = System.currentTimeMillis(); //连接 try { mTransferSocket.connect(); } catch (IOException e1) { try { mTransferSocket.close(); } catch (IOException e2) { e2.printStackTrace(); } //等待一定时间 mTransferSocket = null ; try { long havePassTime = System.currentTimeMillis() - nStartMillTime; if (havePassTime < 6000 ) { Thread.sleep( 7000 - havePassTime); } } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } //连接失败 if (mTransferSocket == null ) { if ( null != mConnectListener) mConnectListener.OnConnectStatusCallBack( false ); return ; } try { mInputStream = mTransferSocket.getInputStream(); mOutputStream = mTransferSocket.getOutputStream(); mReadThread = new ReadThread(); mReadThread.start(); if ( null != mConnectListener) mConnectListener.OnConnectStatusCallBack( true ); } catch (IOException e1) { //断开连接 try { if (mTransferSocket != null ) mTransferSocket.close(); } catch (IOException e2) { e2.printStackTrace(); } mTransferSocket = null ; e1.printStackTrace(); if ( null != mConnectListener) mConnectListener.OnConnectStatusCallBack( false ); } } catch (Exception e) { //总体异常 if ( null != mConnectListener) mConnectListener.OnConnectStatusCallBack( false ); } } } //run() }).start(); } //读取数据 class ReadThread extends Thread { public void run() { int nMaxBufLength = 1024 ; byte [] buffer = new byte [nMaxBufLength]; int byteRead = - 1 ; synchronized (mLock) { while (!isInterrupted()) { try { if (mInputStream != null ) { byteRead = mInputStream.read(buffer); if (byteRead > 0 && byteRead <= buffer.length) { if (mIOListener != null ) mIOListener.OnIOCallBack(byteRead, buffer); } else /*if (byteRead < 0 || byteRead > buffer.length)*/ { //连接已断开 if (mConnectListener != null ) { mConnectListener.OnDisConnectCallBack(); } break ; } } else { break ; } } catch (IOException e) { //连接已断开 if (mConnectListener != null ) { mConnectListener.OnDisConnectCallBack(); } break ; } } //while(!isInterrupted()) } //synchronized (mLock) } } //断开蓝牙 public void disConnect() { mConnectListener = null ; //结束读线程 if (mReadThread != null ) { mReadThread.interrupt(); mReadThread = null ; } //取消所有连接 if (mTransferSocket != null ) { try { mTransferSocket.close(); if (mInputStream != null ) mInputStream.close(); if (mOutputStream != null ) mOutputStream.close(); mInputStream = null ; mOutputStream = null ; mTransferSocket = null ; } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (Exception e) { } } } } |
主动连接应该是比较简单的,一个类就能实现,包括数据的收发。
3、蓝牙服务端,接收蓝牙连接
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/** * Copyright (C) 2009 The Android Open Source Project * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. */ package com.bluetooth.tool; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothAdapter; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothDevice; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothServerSocket; import android.bluetooth.BluetoothSocket; import android.content.Context; import android.os.Bundle; import android.os.Handler; import android.os.Message; import android.util.Log; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import java.io.OutputStream; import java.util.UUID; /** * This class does all the work for setting up and managing Bluetooth * connections with other devices. It has a thread that listens for incoming * connections, a thread for connecting with a device, and a thread for * performing data transmissions when connected. */ public class BluetoothChatService { // Debugging private static final String TAG = "BluetoothChatService" ; private static final boolean D = true ; // Name for the SDP record when creating server socket private static final String NAME = "BluetoothChat" ; // Unique UUID for this application // private static final UUID MY_UUID = // UUID.fromString("fa87c0d0-afac-11de-8a39-0800200c9a66"); private static final UUID MY_UUID = UUID .fromString( "00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB" ); // // Member fields private final BluetoothAdapter mAdapter; private final Handler mHandler; private AcceptThread mAcceptThread; private ConnectThread mConnectThread; private ConnectedThread mConnectedThread; private int mState; private BluetoothDevice mBluetoothDevice = null ; // Constants that indicate the current connection state public static final int STATE_NONE = 0 ; // we're doing nothing public static final int STATE_LISTEN = 1 ; // now listening for incoming // connections public static final int STATE_CONNECTING = 2 ; // now initiating an outgoing // connection public static final int STATE_CONNECTED = 3 ; // now connected to a remote // device public static boolean mbIsOpenTimer = false ; /** * Constructor. Prepares a new BluetoothChat session. * * @param context * The UI Activity Context * @param handler * A Handler to send messages back to the UI Activity */ public BluetoothChatService(Context context, Handler handler) { mAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter(); mState = STATE_NONE; mHandler = handler; } /** * Set the current state of the chat connection * * @param state * An integer defining the current connection state */ private synchronized void setState( int state) { if (D) Log.d(TAG, "setState() " + mState + " -> " + state); mState = state; // Give the new state to the Handler so the UI Activity can update mHandler.obtainMessage(BluetoothChat.MESSAGE_STATE_CHANGE, state, - 1 ) .sendToTarget(); } /** * Return the current connection state. */ public synchronized int getState() { return mState; } /** * Start the chat service. Specifically start AcceptThread to begin a * session in listening (server) mode. Called by the Activity onResume() */ public synchronized void start() { if (D) Log.d(TAG, "start" ); // Cancel any thread attempting to make a connection if (mConnectThread != null ) { mConnectThread.cancel(); mConnectThread = null ; } // Cancel any thread currently running a connection if (mConnectedThread != null ) { mConnectedThread.cancel(); mConnectedThread = null ; } // Start the thread to listen on a BluetoothServerSocket if (mAcceptThread == null ) { Log.d(TAG, "start mAcceptThread" ); mAcceptThread = new AcceptThread(); mAcceptThread.start(); } setState(STATE_LISTEN); } /** * Start the ConnectThread to initiate a connection to a remote device. * * @param device * The BluetoothDevice to connect */ public synchronized void connect(BluetoothDevice device) { if (D) Log.d(TAG, "connect to: " + device); // Cancel any thread attempting to make a connection if (mState == STATE_CONNECTING) { if (mConnectThread != null ) { mConnectThread.cancel(); mConnectThread = null ; } } // Cancel any thread currently running a connection if (mConnectedThread != null ) { mConnectedThread.cancel(); mConnectedThread = null ; } // Start the thread to connect with the given device mConnectThread = new ConnectThread(device); mConnectThread.start(); setState(STATE_CONNECTING); mBluetoothDevice = device; } /** * Start the ConnectedThread to begin managing a Bluetooth connection * * @param socket * The BluetoothSocket on which the connection was made * @param device * The BluetoothDevice that has been connected */ public synchronized void connected(BluetoothSocket socket, BluetoothDevice device) { if (D) Log.d(TAG, "connected" ); // Cancel the thread that completed the connection if (mConnectThread != null ) { mConnectThread.cancel(); mConnectThread = null ; } // Cancel any thread currently running a connection if (mConnectedThread != null ) { mConnectedThread.cancel(); mConnectedThread = null ; } // Cancel the accept thread because we only want to connect to one // device if (mAcceptThread != null ) { mAcceptThread.cancel(); mAcceptThread = null ; } // Start the thread to manage the connection and perform transmissions mConnectedThread = new ConnectedThread(socket); mConnectedThread.start(); // Send the name of the connected device back to the UI Activity Message msg = mHandler.obtainMessage(BluetoothChat.MESSAGE_DEVICE_NAME); Bundle bundle = new Bundle(); bundle.putString(BluetoothChat.DEVICE_NAME, device.getName()); msg.setData(bundle); mHandler.sendMessage(msg); setState(STATE_CONNECTED); } /** * Stop all threads */ public synchronized void stop() { if (D) Log.d(TAG, "stop" ); if (mConnectThread != null ) { mConnectThread.cancel(); mConnectThread = null ; } if (mConnectedThread != null ) { mConnectedThread.cancel(); mConnectedThread = null ; } if (mAcceptThread != null ) { mAcceptThread.cancel(); mAcceptThread = null ; } setState(STATE_NONE); } /** * Write to the ConnectedThread in an unsynchronized manner * * @param out * The bytes to write * @see ConnectedThread#write(byte[]) */ public void write( byte [] out) { // Create temporary object ConnectedThread r; // Synchronize a copy of the ConnectedThread synchronized ( this ) { if (mState != STATE_CONNECTED) return ; r = mConnectedThread; } // Perform the write unsynchronized r.write(out); } /** * Indicate that the connection attempt failed and notify the UI Activity. */ private void connectionFailed() { setState(STATE_LISTEN); // Send a failure message back to the Activity Message msg = mHandler.obtainMessage(BluetoothChat.MESSAGE_TOAST); Bundle bundle = new Bundle(); bundle.putString(BluetoothChat.TOAST, "Unable to connect device" ); msg.setData(bundle); mHandler.sendMessage(msg); } /** * Indicate that the connection was lost and notify the UI Activity. */ private void connectionLost() { setState(STATE_LISTEN); // Send a failure message back to the Activity Message msg = mHandler.obtainMessage(BluetoothChat.MESSAGE_TOAST); Bundle bundle = new Bundle(); bundle.putString(BluetoothChat.TOAST, "Device connection was lost" ); msg.setData(bundle); mHandler.sendMessage(msg); start(); } /** * This thread runs while listening for incoming connections. It behaves * like a server-side client. It runs until a connection is accepted (or * until cancelled). */ private class AcceptThread extends Thread { // The local server socket private final BluetoothServerSocket mmServerSocket; public AcceptThread() { BluetoothServerSocket tmp = null ; // Create a new listening server socket try { tmp = mAdapter .listenUsingRfcommWithServiceRecord(NAME, MY_UUID); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "listen() failed" , e); } mmServerSocket = tmp; } public void run() { if (D) Log.d(TAG, "BEGIN mAcceptThread" + this ); setName( "AcceptThread" ); BluetoothSocket socket = null ; // Listen to the server socket if we're not connected while (mState != STATE_CONNECTED) { try { // This is a blocking call and will only return on a // successful connection or an exception if (mmServerSocket != null ) { Log.d(TAG, "waitting accept!" ); socket = mmServerSocket.accept(); Log.d(TAG, "accpting!" ); } else { setState(STATE_NONE); if (mAcceptThread != null ) { mAcceptThread = null ; } Log.d(TAG, "mmServerSocket = null!" ); break ; } } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "accept() failed" , e); break ; } // If a connection was accepted if (socket != null ) { synchronized (BluetoothChatService. this ) { switch (mState) { case STATE_LISTEN: case STATE_CONNECTING: // Situation normal. Start the connected thread. connected(socket, socket.getRemoteDevice()); break ; case STATE_NONE: case STATE_CONNECTED: // Either not ready or already connected. Terminate // new socket. try { socket.close(); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "Could not close unwanted socket" , e); } break ; } } } } if (D) Log.i(TAG, "END mAcceptThread" ); } public void cancel() { if (D) Log.d(TAG, "cancel " + this ); try { if (mmServerSocket != null ) mmServerSocket.close(); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "close() of server failed" , e); } } } /** * This thread runs while attempting to make an outgoing connection with a * device. It runs straight through; the connection either succeeds or * fails. */ private class ConnectThread extends Thread { private final BluetoothSocket mmSocket; private final BluetoothDevice mmDevice; public ConnectThread(BluetoothDevice device) { mmDevice = device; BluetoothSocket tmp = null ; // Get a BluetoothSocket for a connection with the // given BluetoothDevice try { tmp = device.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(MY_UUID); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "create() failed" , e); } mmSocket = tmp; } public void run() { Log.i(TAG, "BEGIN mConnectThread" ); setName( "ConnectThread" ); // Always cancel discovery because it will slow down a connection mAdapter.cancelDiscovery(); // Make a connection to the BluetoothSocket try { // This is a blocking call and will only return on a // successful connection or an exception mmSocket.connect(); } catch (IOException e) { connectionFailed(); // Close the socket try { mmSocket.close(); } catch (IOException e2) { Log.e(TAG, "unable to close() socket during connection failure" , e2); } // Start the service over to restart listening mode BluetoothChatService. this .start(); return ; } // Reset the ConnectThread because we're done synchronized (BluetoothChatService. this ) { mConnectThread = null ; } // Start the connected thread connected(mmSocket, mmDevice); } public void cancel() { try { mmSocket.close(); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "close() of connect socket failed" , e); } } } /** * This thread runs during a connection with a remote device. It handles all * incoming and outgoing transmissions. */ private class ConnectedThread extends Thread { private final BluetoothSocket mmSocket; private final InputStream mmInStream; private final OutputStream mmOutStream; public ConnectedThread(BluetoothSocket socket) { Log.d(TAG, "create ConnectedThread" ); mmSocket = socket; InputStream tmpIn = null ; OutputStream tmpOut = null ; try { tmpIn = socket.getInputStream(); tmpOut = socket.getOutputStream(); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "temp sockets not created" , e); } mmInStream = tmpIn; mmOutStream = tmpOut; } public void run() { Log.i(TAG, "BEGIN mConnectedThread" ); byte [] buffer = new byte [ 1024 ]; int bytes; // Keep listening to the InputStream while connected while ( true ) { try { // Read from the InputStream if (mmInStream != null ){ bytes = mmInStream.read(buffer); if (bytes > 0 && bytes <= buffer.length) { onDadaReceive(buffer, 0 ,bytes); } else { Log.i( "recieve" , "Baddata" ); } } else { Log.i(TAG, "BadInputStream" ); connectionLost(); break ; } } catch (IOException e) { Log.i(TAG, "disconnected" + e.toString(), e); connectionLost(); break ; } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } private void onDadaReceive( byte [] buffer, int i, int bytes) { if (bytes> 0 ) { //֪ͨܘַ mHandler.obtainMessage(BluetoothChat.MESSAGE_READ, bytes, - 1 , buffer).sendToTarget(); } else Log.e( "recieve" , "null" ); } /** * Write to the connected OutStream. * * @param buffer * The bytes to write */ public void write( byte [] buffer) { try { mmOutStream.write(buffer); // Share the sent message back to the UI Activity mHandler.obtainMessage(BluetoothChat.MESSAGE_WRITE, - 1 , - 1 , buffer).sendToTarget(); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "Exception during write" , e); } } public void cancel() { try { mmSocket.close(); } catch (IOException e) { Log.e(TAG, "close() of connect socket failed" , e); } } } } |
这个蓝牙服务的代码,是标准蓝牙示例demo代码
我根据上面,自已封装了一层,方便管理数据。
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package com.bluetooth.tool; import android.content.Context; import android.os.Handler; import android.os.Message; import android.util.Log; /** * 蓝牙服务,接收蓝牙连接 */ public class BluetoothChat { // Debugging private static final String TAG = "BluetoothChat" ; private static final boolean D = true ; public static final int MESSAGE_STATE_CHANGE = 1 ; public static final int MESSAGE_READ = 2 ; public static final int MESSAGE_WRITE = 3 ; public static final int MESSAGE_DEVICE_NAME = 4 ; public static final int MESSAGE_TOAST = 5 ; // Key names received from the BluetoothChatService Handler public static final String DEVICE_NAME = "device_name" ; public static final String TOAST = "toast" ; private String mConnectedDeviceName = null ; private static StringBuffer mOutStringBuffer; private static BluetoothChatService mChatService = null ; private static Context mContext; private volatile static BluetoothChat mBluetoothChat = null ; TopDataIOListener mIOListener = null ; public static BluetoothChat GetInstance(Context context) { if (mBluetoothChat == null && mContext == null ) { synchronized (BluetoothChat. class ){ mBluetoothChat = new BluetoothChat(); mContext = context; } } return mBluetoothChat; } public void onStart() { if (mChatService == null ) setupChat(); if (mChatService != null ) { if (mChatService.getState() == BluetoothChatService.STATE_NONE) { mChatService.start(); } } } private void setupChat() { mChatService = new BluetoothChatService(mContext,mHandler); mOutStringBuffer = new StringBuffer( "" ); } public void onDestroy() { if (mChatService != null ) mChatService.stop(); } public void sendMessage(String message) { if (mChatService.getState() != BluetoothChatService.STATE_CONNECTED) { Log.i( "Show" , "" ); return ; } if (message.length() > 0 ) { byte [] send = message.getBytes(); mChatService.write(send); mOutStringBuffer.setLength( 0 ); } } private final Handler mHandler = new Handler() { @Override public void handleMessage(Message msg) { switch (msg.what) { case MESSAGE_STATE_CHANGE: if (D) Log.i(TAG, "MESSAGE_STATE_CHANGE: " + msg.arg1); switch (msg.arg1) { case BluetoothChatService.STATE_CONNECTED: break ; case BluetoothChatService.STATE_CONNECTING: break ; case BluetoothChatService.STATE_LISTEN: break ; case BluetoothChatService.STATE_NONE: break ; } break ; case MESSAGE_WRITE: byte [] writeBuf = ( byte []) msg.obj; String writeMessage = new String(writeBuf); break ; case MESSAGE_READ: byte [] readBuf = ( byte []) msg.obj; //收到的蓝牙数据,回传给界面显示 if (mIOListener != null ) mIOListener.OnIOCallBack(readBuf.length, readBuf); break ; case MESSAGE_DEVICE_NAME: mConnectedDeviceName = msg.getData().getString(DEVICE_NAME); Log.i(TAG, "MESSAGE_DEVICE_NAME " + mConnectedDeviceName); break ; case MESSAGE_TOAST: break ; } } }; public void regIOListener(TopDataIOListener arg0) { mIOListener = arg0; } } |
还有一个蓝牙的广播。这里就不贴代码了。
4、权限
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< uses-permission android:name = "android.permission.BLUETOOTH" /> < uses-permission android:name = "android.permission.BLUETOOTH_ADMIN" /> <!-- 部分手机6.0以上 蓝牙startDiscovery方法需要加上这个权限 --> < uses-permission android:name = "android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION" /> |
蓝牙服务接收广播注册
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< receiver android:name = ".tool.BluetoothReceiver" > < intent-filter android:priority = "1000" > < action android:name = "android.bluetooth.adapter.action.STATE_CHANGED" /> < action android:name = "android.bluetooth.device.action.ACL_CONNECTED" /> < action android:name = "android.bluetooth.device.action.ACL_DISCONNECTED" /> < action android:name = "android.bluetooth.device.action.BOND_STATE_CHANGED" /> </ intent-filter > </ receiver > |
5、在上面注释看到了有个bug注释
就是部分手机6.0以上 蓝牙蓝牙startDiscovery方法需要加上这个权限android.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION。不然启动搜索蓝牙无效。
原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/qq_16064871/article/details/78725195