RedHat下MySQL的基本使用方法分享

1. 下载RPM安装包， 因为安装MySQL的时候，软件会需要一依赖关系， 所以建议把所有的安装包下载下载， 再依次安装所以的RPM包。 

2. 在RedHat下安装后, root密码为空, 设置MySQL的 root密码, 用下面的命令来设置. 

[nb@SIT ~]$ mysql -u root -p[newpassword] 
3. 修改MySQL的root 密码, 用下面 的命令: 

[nb@SIT ~]$ mysqladmin -u root -p[oldpasswrod] password[newpassword] 
4. 用root登录MySQL, 输入下面的命令, 再输入密码, 就可以以root的身份登录到MySQL 

[nb@SIT ~]$ mysql -u root -p 
Enter password: 
5. 出现下面的字符， 就表示成功登录到了MySQL, 

Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. 
Your MySQL connection id is 14 
Server version: 5.5.14 MySQL Community Server (GPL) 

Copyright (c) 2000, 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its 
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective 
owners. 

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. 

mysql> 
6. 显示当前已经存在的数据库，输入: show databases; 

mysql> show databases; 
+--------------------+ 
| Database | 
+--------------------+ 
| information_schema | 
| mysql | 
| performance_schema | 
| test | 
+--------------------+ 
4 rows in set (0.00 sec) 
7. 创建一个新的数据库, 输入: create database [name]; 

mysql> create database mytest; 
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) 

mysql> show databases; 
+--------------------+ 
| Database | 
+--------------------+ 
| information_schema | 
| mysql | 
| mytest | 
| performance_schema | 
| test | 
+--------------------+ 
5 rows in set (0.00 sec) 
8. 删除一个已经存在的数据库, 输入: drop database [name]; 

mysql> drop database mytest; 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) 

mysql> show databases; 
+--------------------+ 
| Database | 
+--------------------+ 
| information_schema | 
| mysql | 
| performance_schema | 
| test | 
+--------------------+ 
4 rows in set (0.00 sec) 
9. 创建一张表, 输入: create table [name] [option...] 
显示表的内容: describe [table name]; 

mysql> create table device 
-> ( 
-> id int, 
-> pn varchar(8), 
-> descript varchar(30) 
-> ); 
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) 

mysql> describe device; 
+----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ 
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | 
+----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ 
| id | int(11) | YES | | NULL | | 
| pn | varchar(8) | YES | | NULL | | 
| descript | varchar(30) | YES | | NULL | | 
+----------+-------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ 
3 rows in set (0.00 sec) 
10. 向表里面添加数据, 输入: insert into [table_name] set option1=[value], option2=[value] ... 

mysql> insert into device set id=1,pn="abcd",descript="this is a good device"; 
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.01 sec) 

mysql> insert into device set id=2,pn="efgh",descript="this is a good device"; 
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) 
11. 查看表里面的内容, 输入: select [col_name] from [table_name] 

mysql> select * from device; 
+------+------+-----------------------+ 
| id | pn | descript | 
+------+------+-----------------------+ 
| 1 | abcd | this is a good device | 
| 2 | efgh | this is a good device | 
+------+------+-----------------------+ 
2 rows in set (0.01 sec) 
12. 选择性的查询表里的内容, * 是通配符, 表示所有的, 查询单项的时候, 输入: select * from [table_name] where opiont=[value]; 

mysql> select * from device where id=2; 
+------+------+-----------------------+ 
| id | pn | descript | 
+------+------+-----------------------+ 
| 2 | efgh | this is a good device | 
+------+------+-----------------------+ 
1 row in set (0.00 sec) 
13. 选择性查询表里的内容, 输入: select [option]...[option] from [table_name] where [option]=[value]; 

mysql> select id,descript from device where id=2; 
+------+-----------------------+ 
| id | descript | 
+------+-----------------------+ 
| 2 | this is a good device | 
+------+-----------------------+ 
1 row in set (0.00 sec)