一、Struts2文件上传
Struts2的文件上传实现非常简单,只需要简单几步就可完成;
注意:
(1)文件上传的struts2标签为:<s:file name="" label="上传"/>
(2)文件上传的前提是表单属性method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data";
(3)web应用中必须包含common-fileupload.jar和common-io.jar,因为struts2默认上传解析器使用的是jakarta;
(4)可以在struts.xml中配置最大允许上传的文件大小:<constant name="struts.multipart.maxSize" value="....."/>,默认为2M;
1.普通文件上传
实现规则:
(1)在JSP中设定表单控件<s:file name="upload" label="上传"/>
(2)在Action中定义属性:
private File upload; //包含文件内容
private String uploadFileName; //上传文件的名称;
private String uploadContentType; //上传文件的MIME类型;
这些属性都会随着文件的上传自动赋值;
(3)在execute()中完成写入磁盘功能;
代码示例:
Upload01Action.java
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package org.upload.action; import java.io.File; import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext; import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport; public class Upload01Action extends ActionSupport { private File upload; private String uploadFileName; private String uploadContentType; private String name; public String execute() throws Exception{ String path = ServletActionContext.getServletContext().getRealPath( "/WEB-INF/upload" ); String filename = path+File.separator+name; FileInputStream in = new FileInputStream(upload); FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(filename); byte []b = new byte [ 1024 ]; int len = 0 ; while ((len=in.read(b))> 0 ){ out.write(b, 0 ,len); } out.close(); return SUCCESS; } public File getUpload() { return upload; } public void setUpload(File upload) { this .upload = upload; } public String getUploadFileName() { return uploadFileName; } public void setUploadFileName(String uploadFileName) { this .uploadFileName = uploadFileName; } public String getUploadContentType() { return uploadContentType; } public void setUploadContentType(String uploadContentType) { this .uploadContentType = uploadContentType; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this .name = name; } } |
struts.xml
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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd"> < struts > < constant name = "struts.devMode" value = "true" /> < constant name = "struts.custom.i18n.resources" value = "message" ></ constant > < package name = "default" namespace = "/" extends = "struts-default" > < action name = "upload0*" class = "org.upload.action.Upload0{1}Action" > < param name = "name" >1.jpg</ param > < result >/{1}.jsp</ result > </ action > </ package > </ struts > |
1.jsp
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<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <%@taglib prefix="s" uri="/struts-tags" %> <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> < html > < head > < title >My JSP '1.jsp' starting page</ title > </ head > < body > < s:form action = "upload01" method = "post" enctype = "multipart/form-data" > < s:file name = "upload" label = "上传" ></ s:file > < s:submit value = "上传" ></ s:submit > </ s:form > </ body > </ html > |
2.利用拦截器进行过滤
手动实现过滤的方式非常简单,就是利用输入校验的方式进行过滤,即在validate()中进行过滤;
而这里要讲的拦截器方式是很好的方式,只需要在配置文件中配置,灵活性很好,能够限制文件的类型、文件的大小;如果上传的文件不符合要求,则返回input逻辑视图;
配置拦截器步骤:
(1)文件上传的拦截器为fileUpload;
(2)需要给定参数allowedTypes、maximumSize;
(3)在fileUpload拦截器后,需要添加<interceptor-ref name="defaultStack"/>
代码示例:
由于通过拦截器进行过滤只需要配置struts.xml,因此这里只给出struts.xml的配置
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<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.0//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.0.dtd"> < struts > < constant name = "struts.devMode" value = "true" /> < constant name = "struts.custom.i18n.resources" value = "message" ></ constant > < package name = "default" namespace = "/" extends = "struts-default" > < action name = "upload0*" class = "org.upload.action.Upload0{1}Action" > < interceptor-ref name = "fileUpload" > < param name = "allowedTypes" >image/jpeg,image/gif</ param > < param name = "maximumSize" >1024*1024</ param > </ interceptor-ref > < interceptor-ref name = "defaultStack" ></ interceptor-ref > < param name = "name" >1.jpg</ param > < result >/{1}.jsp</ result > < result name = "input" >/{1}.jsp</ result > </ action > </ package > </ struts > |
我们还需要配置文件上传失败后的错误提示信息,我们需要在全局国际化资源文件中配置:
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struts.messages.error.content.type.not.allowed=文件类型不匹配 struts.messages.error.file.too.large=文件太大 |
二、Struts2文件下载
我们在学习Servlet和HTTP协议时已经可以实现文件下载,即写content-disposition头即可,struts2的实现原理也是这个,但是提供了更好的封装性;
struts2的stream结果类型专门用于实现文件下载;
(1)struts.xml中配置stream结果类型,并配置contentType、contentDisposition、bufferSize参数即可,模板:
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< action name = "download" class = "" > < result type = "stream" name = "success" > < param name = "contentType" ></ param > < param name = "contentDisposition" >attachment;filename=""</ param > < param name = "bufferSize" >4096</ param > </ result > </ action > |
(2)在Action中创建public InputStream getInputStream()throws Exception;方法,此方法用于获得下载文件的输入流;
DownloadAction.java
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package org.download.action; import java.io.InputStream; import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext; import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport; public class DownloadAction extends ActionSupport { public InputStream getInputStream() throws Exception{ return ServletActionContext.getServletContext().getResourceAsStream( "/WEB-INF/upload/1.jpg" ); } public String execute() throws Exception{ return SUCCESS; } } |
struts.xml
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< action name = "download" class = "org.download.action.DownloadAction" > < result type = "stream" name = "success" > < param name = "contentType" >image/jpeg</ param > < param name = "contentDisposition" >attachment;filename="1.jpg"</ param > < param name = "bufferSize" >4096</ param > </ result > </ action > |
就可以完成下载。
java中struts2文件上传下载的实现就为大家介绍到这里,谢谢大家的阅读。