python3.6.5基于kerberos认证的hive和hdfs连接调用方式_Python

1. Kerberos是一种计算机网络授权协议，用来在非安全网络中，对个人通信以安全的手段进行身份认证。具体请查阅官网

2. 需要安装的包（基于centos）

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									yum install libsasl2-dev

									yum install gcc-c++ python-devel.x86_64 cyrus-sasl-devel.x86_64

									yum install python-devel 

									yum install krb5-devel

									yum install python-krbV

									pip install krbcontext==0.9

									pip install thrift==0.9.3

									pip install thrift-sasl==0.2.1

									pip install impyla==0.14.1

									pip install hdfs[kerberos]

									pip install pykerberos==1.2.1

3. /etc/krb5.conf 配置，在这个文件里配置你服务器所在的域

4./etc/hosts 配置，配置集群机器和域所在机器

5. 通过kinit 生成 ccache_file或者keytab_file

6. 连接hive代码如下

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									import os

									from impala.dbapi import connect

									from krbcontext import krbcontext

									keytab_path = os.path.split(os.path.realpath(__file__))[0] + '/xxx.keytab'

									principal = 'xxx'

									with krbcontext(using_keytab=True,principal=principal,keytab_file=keytab_path):

									 conn = connect(host=ip, port=10000, auth_mechanism='GSSAPI', kerberos_service_name='hive')

									 cursor = conn.cursor()

									 cursor.execute('SELECT * FROM default.books')

									 for row in cursor:

									  print(row)

7. 连接hdfs代码如下

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									from hdfs.ext.kerberos import KerberosClient

									from krbcontext import krbcontext

									hdfs_url = 'http://' + host + ':' + port

									data = self._get_keytab(sso_ticket)

									self._save_keytab(data)

									with krbcontext(using_keytab=True, keytab_file=self.keytab_file, principal=self.user):

									 self.client = KerberosClient(hdfs_url)

									 self.client._list_status(path).json()['FileStatuses']['FileStatus'] #获取path下文件及文件夹

8. 注：krbcontext这个包官方说支持python2，但是python3也能用

这个hdfs_url 一定要带"http://"不然会报错

9. 我新增了一些配置文件配置，具体的操作如下

python3.6.5基于kerberos认证的hdfs,hive连接调用（含基础环境配置）

1需要准备的环境

yum包（需要先装yum包，再装python包，不然会有问题）

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									yum install openldap-clients -y

									yum install krb5-workstation krb5-libs -y

									yum install gcc-c++ python-devel.x86_64 cyrus-sasl-devel.x86_64

									yum install python-devel 

									yum install krb5-devel

									yum install python-krbV

									yum install cyrus-sasl-plain cyrus-sasl-devel cyrus-sasl-gssapi

python包安装（pip或pip3，请根据实际情况选择）

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									pip install krbcontext==0.9

									pip install thrift==0.9.3

									pip install thrift-sasl==0.2.1

									pip install impyla==0.14.1

									pip install hdfs[kerberos]

									pip install pykerberos==1.2.1

配置/etc/hosts文件（需要把大数据平台的机器和域名进行配置）

10.xxx.xxx.xxx name-1 panel.test.com
10.xxx.xxx.xxx name-1

配置/etc/krb5.conf(具体查看kerberos服务配置中心)

参考配置（仅供参考，具体更具自己实际配置修改）

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									[libdefaults]

									  renew_lifetime = 9d

									  forwardable = true

									  default_realm = PANEL.COM

									  ticket_lifetime = 24h

									  dns_lookup_realm = false

									  dns_lookup_kdc = false

									  default_ccache_name = /tmp/krb5cc_%{uid}

									 [logging]

									  default = FILE:/var/log/krb5kdc.log

									  admin_server = FILE:/var/log/kadmind1.log

									  kdc = FILE:/var/log/krb5kdc1.log

									 [realms]

									  PANEL.COM = {

									  admin_server = panel.test1.com

									  kdc = panel.test1.com

									  }

连接代码：

hdfs：

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									import json, os

									from hdfs.ext.kerberos import KerberosClient

									from krbcontext import krbcontext

									 def _connect(self, host, port, sso_ticket=None):

									  try:

									   hdfs_url = 'http://' + host + ':' + port

									   active_str = 'kinit -kt {0} {1}'.format(self.keytab_file, self.user)

									   # 激活当前kerberos用户认证，因为python缓存机制，切换用户，这个缓存不会自动切换，需要手动处理下

									   os.system(active_str)

									   with krbcontext(using_keytab=True, keytab_file=self.keytab_file, principal=self.user):

									    self.client = KerberosClient(hdfs_url)

									  except Exception as e:

									   raise e

hive

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									import os

									from krbcontext import krbcontext

									from impala.dbapi import connect

									from auto_model_platform.settings import config

									 def _connect(self, host, port, sso_ticket=None):

									  try:

									   active_str = 'kinit -kt {0} {1}'.format(self.keytab_file, self.user)

									   # 同hdfs

									   os.system(active_str)

									   with krbcontext(using_keytab=True, principal=self.user, keytab_file=self.keytab_file):

									    self.conn = connect(host=host, port=port, auth_mechanism='GSSAPI', kerberos_service_name='hive')

									    self.cursor = self.conn.cursor()

									  except Exception as e:

									   raise e