MyBatis是一个支持普通SQL查询,存储过程和高级映射的优秀持久层框架。MyBatis消除了几乎所有的JDBC代码和参数的手工设置以及对结果集的检索封装。MyBatis可以使用简单的XML或注解用于配置和原始映射,将接口和Java的POJO(Plain Old Java Objects,普通的Java对象)映射成数据库中的记录。
一对一映射
在生活中,一对一的例子还是有的,比如啦,学生和身份证哦,或者在我国,实行的是一夫一妻制度哦。那么我们以学生和身份证每个学生只有一张身份证,而每张身份证的主人当然只有一个啦。
数据库脚本:
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-- 删除数据库 drop database if exists mybaits; -- 创建数据库 create database if not exists mybatis default character set utf8; -- 选择数据库 use mybatis; -- 删除数据表 drop table if exists student ; drop table if exists card; -- 创建数据表 create table card( cid int ( 255 ), num varchar( 18 ), constraint pk_cid primary key (cid) ); create table student( sid int ( 255 ), sname varchar( 32 ), scid int ( 255 ), constraint pk_sid primary key (sid), constraint fk_scid foreign key (scid) references card(cid) ); -- 增加测试数据 insert into card (cid,num) values( 1 , '123456789012345678' ); insert into student (sid,sname,scid) values( 1 , '哈哈' , 1 ); |
新建一个one2one.Card.java类
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package one2one; import java.io.Serializable; /** * 身份证 * @author Administrator * */ @SuppressWarnings ( "serial" ) public class Card implements Serializable{ private Integer cid; private String num; public Integer getCid() { return cid; } public void setCid(Integer cid) { this .cid = cid; } public String getNum() { return num; } public void setNum(String num) { this .num = num; } } |
新建one2one.Student.java类
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package one2one; import java.io.Serializable; /** * 学生 * @author Administrator * */ @SuppressWarnings ( "serial" ) public class Student implements Serializable{ private Integer sid; private String sname; private Card card; public Integer getSid() { return sid; } public void setSid(Integer sid) { this .sid = sid; } public String getSname() { return sname; } public void setSname(String sname) { this .sname = sname; } public Card getCard() { return card; } public void setCard(Card card) { this .card = card; } } |
在one2one包下新建CardMapper.xml文件
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<?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" > <mapper namespace= "cardNameSpace" > <resultMap type= "one2one.Card" id= "cardMap" > <id column= "cid" property= "cid" /> <result column= "num" property= "num" /> </resultMap> </mapper> |
同理,在one2one包下新建StudentMapper.xml文件
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<?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" > <mapper namespace= "studentNameSpace" > <resultMap type= "one2one.Student" id= "studentMap" > <id column= "sid" property= "sid" /> <result column= "sname" property= "sname" /> <!-- 关联字段不要写 --> </resultMap> <select id= "findById" parameterType= "integer" resultMap= "studentMap" > select s.sid,s.sname,c.cid,c.num from student s,card c where s.scid = c.cid and s.sid = #{sid} </select> </mapper> |
在src下新建一个mybatis.cfg.xml文件,并包含StudentMapper.xml和CardMapper.xml文件
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<?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd" > <configuration> <!-- 设置一个默认的环境信息 --> <environments default = "mysql_developer" > <!-- 连接MySQL环境信息 --> <environment id= "mysql_developer" > <!-- MyBatis使用jdbc事务管理器 --> <transactionManager type= "jdbc" /> <!-- MyBatis使用连接池方式来获取连接对象 --> <dataSource type= "pooled" > <!-- 配置与数据库交互的 4 个必要属性 --> <property name= "driver" value= "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" /> <property name= "url" value= "jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/mybatis" /> <property name= "username" value= "root" /> <property name= "password" value= "mysqladmin" /> </dataSource> </environment> <!-- 连接Oracle环境信息 --> <environment id= "oracle_developer" > <!-- MyBatis使用jdbc事务管理器 --> <transactionManager type= "jdbc" /> <!-- MyBatis使用连接池方式来获取连接对象 --> <dataSource type= "pooled" > <!-- 配置与数据库交互的 4 个必要属性 --> <property name= "driver" value= "oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver" /> <property name= "url" value= "jdbc:oracle:thin:@127.0.0.1:1521:orcl" /> <property name= "username" value= "scott" /> <property name= "password" value= "tiger" /> </dataSource> </environment> </environments> <!-- 加载映射文件 --> <mappers> <mapper resource= "one2one/CardMapper.xml" /> <mapper resource= "one2one/StudentMapper.xml" /> </mappers> </configuration> |
在util包下新建一个工具类MyBatisUtil.java类
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package util; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.Reader; import java.sql.Connection; import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder; public class MyBatisUtil { private static ThreadLocal<SqlSession> threadLocal = new ThreadLocal<SqlSession>(); public static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory ; //私有化构造方法 private MyBatisUtil(){} //加载位于src/Mybatis.cfg.xml static { try { Reader reader = Resources.getResourceAsReader( "mybatis.cfg.xml" ); sqlSessionFactory= new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(reader); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } /** * 获取SQLSession * @return */ public static SqlSession getSqlSession(){ //从当前线程中获取SqlSession对象 SqlSession sqlSession = threadLocal.get(); if (sqlSession == null ){ if (sqlSessionFactory != null ){ sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession(); //讲sqlSession与当前线程绑定在一起 threadLocal.set(sqlSession); } } return sqlSession; } /** * 关闭SqlSession 并与当前线程分开 */ public static void closeSqlSession(){ //从当前线程中获取SqlSession对象 SqlSession sqlSession = threadLocal.get(); //如果SqlSession对象非空 if (sqlSession != null ){ //关闭SqlSession对象 sqlSession.close(); //分离当前线程与SqlSession的关系 threadLocal.remove(); } } //测试 public static void main(String[] args) { SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisUtil.getSqlSession(); Connection conn= sqlSession.getConnection(); System.out.println(conn != null ? "连接成功" : "连接失败" ); } } |
新建持久层类StuentCardDAO.java类
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package one2one; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession; import org.junit.Test; import util.MyBatisUtil; /** * 持久层 * @author Administrator * */ public class StudentCardDAO { /** * 查询1号学生的信息与身份证信息 * @param id * @return * @throws Exception */ public Student findById(Integer id) throws Exception{ SqlSession sqlSession = null ; try { sqlSession = MyBatisUtil.getSqlSession(); return sqlSession.selectOne( "studentNameSpace.findById" , id); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); throw e; } finally { MyBatisUtil.closeSqlSession(); } } //测试 查询1号学生的信息与身份证信息 @Test public void testFindById() throws Exception{ StudentCardDAO dao = new StudentCardDAO(); Student student = dao.findById( 1 ); System.out.println(student.getSid()+ ":" +student.getSname() } } |
这时我们只能查询1号学生的姓名,但是我们不能去查询它的身份号号,因为此时的card属性的值为null,从StudentMapper.xml中可以看出
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<select id= "findById" parameterType= "integer" resultMap= "studentMap" > |
MyBatis在解析这一句的时候只能将查询的数据封装到sid,sname中,所以怎么办?
在StudentMapper.xml中的
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<resultMap type= "one2one.Card" id= "cardMap" > <id column= "cid" property= "cid" /> <result column= "num" property= "num" /> </resultMap> |
增加
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<!-- 引入CardMapper.xml文件中的映射信息 property表示Student的关联属性 --> <association property= "card" resultMap= "cardNameSpace.cardMap" /> |
那么此时的StudentMapper.xml的完整内容如下:
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<?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" > <mapper namespace= "studentNameSpace" > <resultMap type= "one2one.Student" id= "studentMap" > <id column= "sid" property= "sid" /> <result column= "sname" property= "sname" /> <!-- 引入CardMapper.xml文件中的映射信息 property表示Student的关联属性 --> <association property= "card" resultMap= "cardNameSpace.cardMap" /> </resultMap> <select id= "findById" parameterType= "integer" resultMap= "studentMap" > select s.sid,s.sname,c.cid,c.num from student s,card c where s.scid = c.cid and s.sid = #{sid} </select> </mapper> |
现在可以测试学生的身份证号码了
将持久层类StuentCardDAO.java类的测试方法改为
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//测试 查询1号学生的信息与身份证信息 @Test public void testFindById() throws Exception{ StudentCardDAO dao = new StudentCardDAO(); Student student = dao.findById( 1 ); System.out.println(student.getSid()+ ":" +student.getSname()+ ":" +student.getCard().getNum()); } |
同理
在StudentDAO.java类中增加 查询“哈哈”学生的信息与身份证信息的方法
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/** * 查询“哈哈”学生的信息与身份证信息 * @param name * @return * @throws Exception */ public Student findByName(String name) throws Exception{ SqlSession sqlSession = null ; try { sqlSession = MyBatisUtil.getSqlSession(); return sqlSession.selectOne( "studentNameSpace.findByName" , name); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); throw e; } finally { MyBatisUtil.closeSqlSession(); } } |
并增加测试方法哦
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//测试 查询“哈哈”学生的信息与身份证信息 @Test public void testFindByName() throws Exception{ StudentCardDAO dao = new StudentCardDAO(); Student student = dao.findByName( "哈哈" ); System.out.println(student.getSid()+ ":" +student.getSname()+ ":" +student.getCard().getNum()); } |
当然如果你现在就测试,你会死的很惨,因为你没有在StudentMapper.xml文件中配置<select>哦,所以在StudentMapper.xml文件中增加<select>配置信息
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<select id= "findByName" parameterType= "string" resultMap= "studentMap" > select s.sid,s.sname,c.cid,c.num from student s,card c where s.scid = c.cid and s.sname = #{sname} </select> |
这样就可以测试成功了。大功告成。
完整代码如下:
MySQL数据库脚本
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-- 删除数据库 drop database if exists mybaits; -- 创建数据库 create database if not exists mybatis default character set utf8; -- 选择数据库 use mybatis; -- 删除数据表 drop table if exists student ; drop table if exists card; -- 创建数据表 create table card( cid int ( 255 ), num varchar( 18 ), constraint pk_cid primary key (cid) ); create table student( sid int ( 255 ), sname varchar( 32 ), scid int ( 255 ), constraint pk_sid primary key (sid), constraint fk_scid foreign key (scid) references card(cid) ); -- 增加测试数据 insert into card (cid,num) values( 1 , '123456789012345678' ); insert into student (sid,sname,scid) values( 1 , '哈哈' , 1 ); |
工具类MyBatis.java类
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package util; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.Reader; import java.sql.Connection; import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder; public class MyBatisUtil { private static ThreadLocal<SqlSession> threadLocal = new ThreadLocal<SqlSession>(); public static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory ; //私有化构造方法 private MyBatisUtil(){} //加载位于src/Mybatis.cfg.xml static { try { Reader reader = Resources.getResourceAsReader( "mybatis.cfg.xml" ); sqlSessionFactory= new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(reader); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } /** * 获取SQLSession * @return */ public static SqlSession getSqlSession(){ //从当前线程中获取SqlSession对象 SqlSession sqlSession = threadLocal.get(); if (sqlSession == null ){ if (sqlSessionFactory != null ){ sqlSession = sqlSessionFactory.openSession(); //讲sqlSession与当前线程绑定在一起 threadLocal.set(sqlSession); } } return sqlSession; } /** * 关闭SqlSession 并与当前线程分开 */ public static void closeSqlSession(){ //从当前线程中获取SqlSession对象 SqlSession sqlSession = threadLocal.get(); //如果SqlSession对象非空 if (sqlSession != null ){ //关闭SqlSession对象 sqlSession.close(); //分离当前线程与SqlSession的关系 threadLocal.remove(); } } //测试 public static void main(String[] args) { SqlSession sqlSession = MyBatisUtil.getSqlSession(); Connection conn= sqlSession.getConnection(); System.out.println(conn != null ? "连接成功" : "连接失败" ); } } |
mybatis.cfg.xml文件
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<?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE configuration PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd" > <configuration> <!-- 设置一个默认的环境信息 --> <environments default = "mysql_developer" > <!-- 连接MySQL环境信息 --> <environment id= "mysql_developer" > <!-- MyBatis使用jdbc事务管理器 --> <transactionManager type= "jdbc" /> <!-- MyBatis使用连接池方式来获取连接对象 --> <dataSource type= "pooled" > <!-- 配置与数据库交互的 4 个必要属性 --> <property name= "driver" value= "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" /> <property name= "url" value= "jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/mybatis" /> <property name= "username" value= "root" /> <property name= "password" value= "mysqladmin" /> </dataSource> </environment> <!-- 连接Oracle环境信息 --> <environment id= "oracle_developer" > <!-- MyBatis使用jdbc事务管理器 --> <transactionManager type= "jdbc" /> <!-- MyBatis使用连接池方式来获取连接对象 --> <dataSource type= "pooled" > <!-- 配置与数据库交互的 4 个必要属性 --> <property name= "driver" value= "oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver" /> <property name= "url" value= "jdbc:oracle:thin:@127.0.0.1:1521:orcl" /> <property name= "username" value= "scott" /> <property name= "password" value= "tiger" /> </dataSource> </environment> </environments> <!-- 加载映射文件 --> <mappers> <mapper resource= "one2one/CardMapper.xml" /> <mapper resource= "one2one/StudentMapper.xml" /> </mappers> </configuration> |
Card.java和Student.java
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package one2one; import java.io.Serializable; /** * 身份证 * @author Administrator * */ @SuppressWarnings ( "serial" ) public class Card implements Serializable{ private Integer cid; private String num; public Integer getCid() { return cid; } public void setCid(Integer cid) { this .cid = cid; } public String getNum() { return num; } public void setNum(String num) { this .num = num; } } package one2one; import java.io.Serializable; /** * 学生 * @author Administrator * */ @SuppressWarnings ( "serial" ) public class Student implements Serializable{ private Integer sid; private String sname; private Card card; public Integer getSid() { return sid; } public void setSid(Integer sid) { this .sid = sid; } public String getSname() { return sname; } public void setSname(String sname) { this .sname = sname; } public Card getCard() { return card; } public void setCard(Card card) { this .card = card; } } |
Card.java的映射文件CardMapper.xml文件
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<?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" > <mapper namespace= "cardNameSpace" > <resultMap type= "one2one.Card" id= "cardMap" > <id column= "cid" property= "cid" /> <result column= "num" property= "num" /> </resultMap> </mapper> |
Student.java类对应的映射文件StudentMapper.xml文件
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<?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd" > <mapper namespace= "studentNameSpace" > <resultMap type= "one2one.Student" id= "studentMap" > <id column= "sid" property= "sid" /> <result column= "sname" property= "sname" /> <!-- 引入CardMapper.xml文件中的映射信息 property表示Student的关联属性 --> <association property= "card" resultMap= "cardNameSpace.cardMap" /> </resultMap> <select id= "findById" parameterType= "integer" resultMap= "studentMap" > select s.sid,s.sname,c.cid,c.num from student s,card c where s.scid = c.cid and s.sid = #{sid} </select> <select id= "findByName" parameterType= "string" resultMap= "studentMap" > select s.sid,s.sname,c.cid,c.num from student s,card c where s.scid = c.cid and s.sname = #{sname} </select> </mapper> |
持久层类StudentCardDAO.java类
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package one2one; import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession; import org.junit.Test; import util.MyBatisUtil; /** * 持久层 * @author Administrator * */ public class StudentCardDAO { /** * 查询1号学生的信息与身份证信息 * @param id * @return * @throws Exception */ public Student findById(Integer id) throws Exception{ SqlSession sqlSession = null ; try { sqlSession = MyBatisUtil.getSqlSession(); return sqlSession.selectOne( "studentNameSpace.findById" , id); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); throw e; } finally { MyBatisUtil.closeSqlSession(); } } /** * 查询“哈哈”学生的信息与身份证信息 * @param name * @return * @throws Exception */ public Student findByName(String name) throws Exception{ SqlSession sqlSession = null ; try { sqlSession = MyBatisUtil.getSqlSession(); return sqlSession.selectOne( "studentNameSpace.findByName" , name); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); throw e; } finally { MyBatisUtil.closeSqlSession(); } } //测试 查询1号学生的信息与身份证信息 @Test public void testFindById() throws Exception{ StudentCardDAO dao = new StudentCardDAO(); Student student = dao.findById( 1 ); System.out.println(student.getSid()+ ":" +student.getSname()+ ":" +student.getCard().getNum()); } //测试 查询“哈哈”学生的信息与身份证信息 @Test public void testFindByName() throws Exception{ StudentCardDAO dao = new StudentCardDAO(); Student student = dao.findByName( "哈哈" ); System.out.println(student.getSid()+ ":" +student.getSname()+ ":" +student.getCard().getNum()); } } |
以上所述是小编给大家介绍的MyBatis一对一映射初识教程,希望对大家有所帮助,如果大家有任何疑问请给我留言,小编会及时回复大家的。在此也非常感谢大家对服务器之家网站的支持!
原文链接:http://11841428.blog.51cto.com/11831428/1832270