环境准备
所有操作开始前,先确定hadoop版本已经装好。具体可以看我的另一篇博客
搭建hadoop3.x
mysql安装
先把安装包放到software文件夹,并解压到mysql-lib中
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[root@master software] # ll 总用量 1422372 -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 312850286 7月 2 15:00 apache-hive-3.1.2-bin. tar .gz -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 338075860 7月 2 09:39 hadoop-3.1.3. tar .gz -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 195013152 7月 2 09:36 jdk-8u212-linux-x64. tar .gz -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 609556480 7月 2 15:08 mysql-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle. tar -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 985600 7月 2 14:44 mysql-connector-java-5.1.37.jar [root@master software] # mkdir mysql-lib [root@master software] # tar -xf mysql-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar -C ./mysql-lib/ [root@master software] # cd mysql-lib/ [root@master mysql-lib] # ll 总用量 595272 -rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 45109364 9月 30 2019 mysql-community-client-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 318768 9月 30 2019 mysql-community-common-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 7037096 9月 30 2019 mysql-community-devel-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 49329100 9月 30 2019 mysql-community-embedded-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 23354908 9月 30 2019 mysql-community-embedded-compat-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 136837816 9月 30 2019 mysql-community-embedded-devel-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 4374364 9月 30 2019 mysql-community-libs-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 1353312 9月 30 2019 mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 208694824 9月 30 2019 mysql-community-server-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 133129992 9月 30 2019 mysql-community- test -5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm |
先处理一下环境,因为centos自带mariadb,会产生冲突,所以要先卸载
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[root@master mysql-lib] # rpm -qa|grep mariadb mariadb-libs-5.5.56-2.el7.x86_64 [root@master mysql-lib] # sudo rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs # 查看一下是不是卸载干净了 [root@master mysql-lib] # rpm -qa|grep mariadb [root@master mysql-lib] # rpm -qa|grep mysql |
没什么问题了就可以安装了,一定要按顺序安装
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[root@master mysql-lib] # ll 总用量 595284 -rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 45109364 9月 30 2019 mysql-community-client-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 318768 9月 30 2019 mysql-community-common-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 7037096 9月 30 2019 mysql-community-devel-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 49329100 9月 30 2019 mysql-community-embedded-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 23354908 9月 30 2019 mysql-community-embedded-compat-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 136837816 9月 30 2019 mysql-community-embedded-devel-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 4374364 9月 30 2019 mysql-community-libs-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 1353312 9月 30 2019 mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 208694824 9月 30 2019 mysql-community-server-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r-- 1 7155 31415 133129992 9月 30 2019 mysql-community- test -5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm [root@master mysql-lib] # sudo rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 警告:mysql-community-common-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA /SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY 准备中... ################################# [100%] 正在升级/安装... 1:mysql-community-common-5.7.28-1.e ################################# [100%] [root@master mysql-lib] # sudo rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 警告:mysql-community-libs-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA /SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY 准备中... ################################# [100%] 正在升级/安装... 1:mysql-community-libs-5.7.28-1.el7 ################################# [100%] [root@master mysql-lib] # sudo rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 警告:mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA /SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY 准备中... ################################# [100%] 正在升级/安装... 1:mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.2 ################################# [100%] [root@master mysql-lib] # sudo rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 警告:mysql-community-client-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA /SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY 准备中... ################################# [100%] 正在升级/安装... 1:mysql-community-client-5.7.28-1.e ################################# [100%] |
安装到第5个时,如果centos是最小化安装的,那会报这个问题
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[root@master mysql-lib] # sudo rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 警告:mysql-community-server-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA /SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY 错误:依赖检测失败: libnuma.so.1()(64bit) 被 mysql-community-server-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64 需要 libnuma.so.1(libnuma_1.1)(64bit) 被 mysql-community-server-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64 需要 libnuma.so.1(libnuma_1.2)(64bit) 被 mysql-community-server-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64 需要 |
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[root@master mysql-lib] # yum install -y libaio [root@master mysql-lib] # yum install -y numactl |
然后再尝试安装就没问题了
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[root@master mysql-lib] # sudo rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm 警告:mysql-community-server-5.7.28-1.el7.x86_64.rpm: 头V3 DSA /SHA1 Signature, 密钥 ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY 准备中... ################################# [100%] 正在升级/安装... 1:mysql-community-server-5.7.28-1.e ################################# [100%] |
清理历史残余文件
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[root@master mysql-lib] # cat /etc/my.cnf # For advice on how to change settings please see # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.7/en/server-configuration-defaults.html [mysqld] # # Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data # cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%. # innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M # # Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging # changes to the binary log between backups. # log_bin # # Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers. # The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs. # Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values. # join_buffer_size = 128M # sort_buffer_size = 2M # read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M datadir= /var/lib/mysql socket= /var/lib/mysql/mysql .sock # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks symbolic-links=0 log-error= /var/log/mysqld .log pid- file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld .pid |
看到了mysql目录是/var/lib/mysql
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#进入这个地址 看看是否有历史残余文件 [root@master mysql-lib] # cd /var/lib/mysql # 没东西就没问题,有就都删了 [root@master mysql] # ll 总用量 0 |
初始化mysql
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[root@master mysql] # sudo mysqld --initialize --user=mysql |
看下默认密码
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[root@master mysql] # cat /var/log/mysqld.log 2020-07-02T07:29:10.095244Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details). 2020-07-02T07:29:11.331738Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790 2020-07-02T07:29:11.498492Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables. 2020-07-02T07:29:11.590436Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: b94654a6-bc35-11ea-a160-525400f3e388. 2020-07-02T07:29:11.600554Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened. 2020-07-02T07:29:13.093996Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed. 2020-07-02T07:29:13.522160Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: p;oK<M)<_8p/ |
密码是p;oK<M)<_8p/
,复制一下,进入mysql
进入mysql
启动mysql服务
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[root@master mysql] # systemctl start mysqld [root@master mysql] # systemctl status mysqld ● mysqld.service - MySQL Server Loaded: loaded ( /usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld .service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled) Active: active (running) since 四 2020-07-02 15:31:00 CST; 10s ago Docs: man :mysqld(8) http: //dev .mysql.com /doc/refman/en/using-systemd .html Process: 5617 ExecStart= /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid- file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld .pid $MYSQLD_OPTS (code=exited, status=0 /SUCCESS ) Process: 5497 ExecStartPre= /usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0 /SUCCESS ) Main PID: 5624 (mysqld) Tasks: 27 Memory: 205.4M CGroup: /system .slice /mysqld .service └─5624 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid- file = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld .p... 7月 02 15:30:55 master systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server... 7月 02 15:31:00 master systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server. |
进入mysql
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$ mysql -u root -p |
提示输入密码,输入刚刚复制的密码
成功进入mysql后,设置我们的mysql密码,这个自己记住哈~
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#设置密码为你的密码 mysql> set password = password ( "你的密码" ); |
接下来设置root用户的权限,允许任意ip连接,为后面的hive连接做准备
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mysql> use mysql; mysql> select host, user from user ; + -----------+---------------+ | host | user | + -----------+---------------+ | localhost | mysql.session | | localhost | mysql.sys | | localhost | root | + -----------+---------------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec) mysql> update mysql. user set host= '%' where user = 'root' ; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) Rows matched: 1 Changed: 1 Warnings: 0 # 权限高的在最上面(新版本优化的) mysql> select host, user from user ; + -----------+---------------+ | host | user | + -----------+---------------+ | % | root | | localhost | mysql.session | | localhost | mysql.sys | + -----------+---------------+ 3 rows in set (0.00 sec) --这步一定要做,是刷新配置的,不然密码无法生效 mysql> flush privileges ; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) mysql> quit |
然后再尝试用更改后的密码登录一下,成功了就是配置好了。
安装Hive
到/home/centos/software目录下,解压apache-hive-3.1.2-bin.tar.gz到/home/centos/module/目录下面
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[root@master software] # tar -zxvf apache-hive-3.1.2-bin.tar.gz -C /home/centos/module/ |
进入module文件夹,把文件名改一下
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[root@master module] # ll 总用量 12 drwxr-xr-x 9 root root 4096 7月 2 15:40 apache-hive-3.1.2-bin drwxr-xr-x 11 centos centos 4096 7月 2 11:51 hadoop-3.1.3 drwxr-xr-x 7 10 143 4096 4月 2 2019 jdk1.8.0_212 [root@master module] # mv apache-hive-3.1.2-bin/ hive [root@master module] # ll 总用量 12 drwxr-xr-x 11 centos centos 4096 7月 2 11:51 hadoop-3.1.3 drwxr-xr-x 9 root root 4096 7月 2 15:40 hive drwxr-xr-x 7 10 143 4096 4月 2 2019 jdk1.8.0_212 |
配置环境变量
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[root@master module] # vim /etc/profile.d/my_env.sh |
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#HIVE_HOME export HIVE_HOME= /home/centos/module/hive export PATH=$PATH:$HIVE_HOME /bin |
加载环境变量,并验证是否成功
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[root@master module] # source /etc/profile [root@master module] # echo $HIVE_HOME /home/centos/module/hive |
解决日志Jar包冲突
hadoop和hive之间的log4j版本冲突,要把hive的lib文件夹中的jar包名字改一下,无法启用即可。就直接在文件名后加.bak即可。
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[atguigu@hadoop102 lib]$ mv log4j-slf4j-impl-2.10.0.jar log4j-slf4j-impl-2.10.0.jar.bak [atguigu@hadoop102 lib]$ ll | grep log4j -rw-rw-r--. 1 atguigu atguigu 63835 4月 15 00:34 log4j-1.2-api-2.10.0.jar -rw-rw-r--. 1 atguigu atguigu 255485 4月 15 00:24 log4j-api-2.10.0.jar -rw-rw-r--. 1 atguigu atguigu 1597622 4月 15 00:24 log4j-core-2.10.0.jar -rw-rw-r--. 1 atguigu atguigu 24173 4月 15 00:24 log4j-slf4j-impl-2.10.0.jar.bak -rw-rw-r--. 1 atguigu atguigu 32060 4月 15 00:34 log4j-web-2.10.0.jar |
hive元数据配置到mysql
将MySQL的JDBC驱动拷贝到Hive的lib目录下
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[root@master lib] # cp /home/centos/software/mysql-connector-java-5.1.37.jar ./ |
看看是否拷贝成功
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[root@master lib] # ll | grep mysql-con -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 985600 7月 2 15:47 mysql-connector-java-5.1.37.jar |
配置metastore到mysql
在$HIVE_HOME/conf目录下新建hive-site.xml文件,
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[root@master conf] # vim hive-site.xml |
有三个值需要你改一下
- 腾讯云内网ip
- mysql密码
- 本机hostname
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<? xml version = "1.0" ?> <? xml-stylesheet type = "text/xsl" href = "configuration.xsl" rel = "external nofollow" ?> < configuration > <!-- jdbc连接的URL --> < property > < name >javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</ name > < value >jdbc:mysql://腾讯云内网ip:3306/metastore?useSSL=false</ value > </ property > <!-- jdbc连接的Driver--> < property > < name >javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</ name > < value >com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</ value > </ property > <!-- jdbc连接的username--> < property > < name >javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</ name > < value >root</ value > </ property > <!-- jdbc连接的password --> < property > < name >javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</ name > < value >你的mysql密码</ value > </ property > <!-- Hive默认在HDFS的工作目录 --> < property > < name >hive.metastore.warehouse.dir</ name > < value >/user/hive/warehouse</ value > </ property > <!-- Hive元数据存储版本的验证 --> < property > < name >hive.metastore.schema.verification</ name > < value >false</ value > </ property > <!-- 指定存储元数据要连接的地址 --> < property > < name >hive.metastore.uris</ name > < value >thrift://腾讯云内网ip:9083</ value > </ property > <!-- 指定hiveserver2连接的端口号 --> < property > < name >hive.server2.thrift.port</ name > < value >10000</ value > </ property > <!-- 指定hiveserver2连接的host --> < property > < name >hive.server2.thrift.bind.host</ name > < value >你本机的hostname</ value > </ property > <!-- 元数据存储授权 --> < property > < name >hive.metastore.event.db.notification.api.auth</ name > < value >false</ value > </ property > <!-- hiveserver2的高可用参数,开启此参数可以提高hiveserver2的启动速度 --> < property > < name >hive.server2.active.passive.ha.enable</ name > < value >true</ value > </ property > </ configuration > |
把改好的内容粘进去后,保存退出
启动hive
初始化元数据库
登录mysql,创建hive元数据库
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mysql> create database metastore; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec) |
退出,初始化hive元数据库
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# 让hive在metastore中创建初始化的表 [atguigu@hadoop102 software]$ schematool -initSchema -dbType mysql -verbos |
再次进入mysql,检查一下,可以看到已经创建好了(有74张表)
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mysql> use metastore; mysql> show tables; |
创建一个启动脚本,不然每次写那么长让它后台启动实在太烦了。
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[root@master bin] # vim hs.sh |
添加如下内容
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#!/bin/bash HIVE_LOG_DIR=$HIVE_HOME /logs #判断有没有这个目录,没有就创建 if [ ! -d $HIVE_LOG_DIR ] then mkdir -p $HIVE_LOG_DIR fi #检查进程是否运行正常,参数1为进程名,参数2为进程端口 #status function check_process() { #/dev/null 黑洞 不要的流都放到这里销毁 pid=$( ps -ef 2> /dev/null | grep - v grep | grep -i $1 | awk '{print $2}' ) ppid=$( netstat -nltp 2> /dev/null | grep $2 | awk '{print $7}' | cut -d '/' -f 1) echo $pid [[ "$pid" =~ "$ppid" ]] && [ "$ppid" ] && return 0 || return 1 } #start function hive_start() { metapid=$(check_process HiveMetastore 9083) #看懂这行即可 ,这行是让服务后台启动的 cmd= "nohup hive --service metastore >$HIVE_LOG_DIR/metastore.log 2>&1 &" cmd=$cmd " sleep 4; hdfs dfsadmin -safemode wait >/dev/null 2>&1" [ -z "$metapid" ] && eval $cmd || echo "Metastroe服务已启动" server2pid=$(check_process HiveServer2 10000) #看懂这行即可 ,这行是让服务后台启动的 cmd= "nohup hive --service hiveserver2 >$HIVE_LOG_DIR/hiveServer2.log 2>&1 &" [ -z "$server2pid" ] && eval $cmd || echo "HiveServer2服务已启动" } #stop function hive_stop() { metapid=$(check_process HiveMetastore 9083) [ "$metapid" ] && kill $metapid || echo "Metastore服务未启动" server2pid=$(check_process HiveServer2 10000) [ "$server2pid" ] && kill $server2pid || echo "HiveServer2服务未启动" } case $1 in "start" ) hive_start ;; "stop" ) hive_stop ;; "restart" ) hive_stop sleep 2 hive_start ;; "status" ) check_process HiveMetastore 9083 > /dev/null && echo "Metastore服务运行正常" || echo "Metastore服务运行异常" check_process HiveServer2 10000 > /dev/null && echo "HiveServer2服务运行正常" || echo "HiveServer2服务运行异常" ;; *) echo Invalid Args! echo 'Usage: ' $( basename $0) ' start|stop|restart|status' ;; esac |
保存退出,给脚本加权限
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$ chmod +x hs.sh |
现在来启动吧(启动前要确认hadoop是已启动,且运行正常的哦)
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[root@master bin] # hs.sh start [root@master bin] # jps 32177 SecondaryNameNode 514 NodeManager 20788 Jps 31396 NameNode 32652 ResourceManager 20253 RunJar 31757 DataNode 991 JobHistoryServer |
可以看到启动成功了,我们用脚本来看下状态
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[root@master bin] # hs.sh status Metastore服务运行异常 HiveServer2服务运行异常 |
你会惊奇的发现,居然有一个运行异常,这是怎么回事?其实是因为它启动比较慢,不信你过了两分钟再看
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[root@master bin] # hs.sh status Metastore服务运行正常 HiveServer2服务运行正常 |
hive jdbc访问
beeline
如果你不是用root来搭建的hadoop,那这里根据自己的设置更改
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#必须用root访问,因为jdbc的管理员是root,不然没权限 -n后面是要登录的用户 [atguigu@hadoop102 bin]$ beeline -u jdbc:hive2: //master :10000 -n root Connecting to jdbc:hive2: //master :10000 Connected to: Apache Hive (version 3.1.2) Driver: Hive JDBC (version 3.1.2) Transaction isolation: TRANSACTION_REPEATABLE_READ Beeline version 3.1.2 by Apache Hive 0: jdbc:hive2: //master :10000> |
这样就是成功进入了,退出的话
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0: jdbc:hive2: //master :10000> !quit Closing: 0: jdbc:hive2: //master :10000 |
hive命令行
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[atguigu@hadoop102 bin]$ hive #一堆信息 hive> |
这样就是成功进入了,退出的话是quit;
接下来就可以玩hive啦!
历史记录
他俩的历史记录都在家目录中
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$ cd ~ $ ls -a |
可以到有一个.hivehistory
文件和.beeline
文件夹,历史记录会在你quit这个JDBC后写入。
hive运行日志配置
Hive的log默认存放在当前用户名下下,我们把hive本身的运行日志也放到这个logs里,方便以后查看。
(1)修改$HIVE_HOME/conf/hive-log4j.properties.template
文件名称为hive-log4j.properties
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$ mv hive-log4j2.properties.template hive-log4j.properties $ vim hive-log4j.properties |
(2)在hive-log4j.properties文件中修改log存放位置
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property.hive.log.dir=/home/centos/module/hive/logs |
hive启动jvm堆内存设置
新版本的hive启动的时候,默认申请的jvm堆内存大小为256M,jvm堆内存申请的太小,导致后期开启本地模式,执行复杂的sql时经常会报错:java.lang.OutOfMemoryError: Java heap space
,因此最好提前调整一下HADOOP_HEAPSIZE
这个参数。
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[atguigu@hadoop102 conf]$ cp hive- env .sh.template hive- env .sh [atguigu@hadoop102 conf]$ vim hive- env .sh |
将hive-env.sh其中的参数 export HADOOP_HEAPSIZE=1024
的注释放开
做完以上所有配置,重启hive。
windows端连接hive
推荐dbeaver,连接前记得来到安全组,开放10000端口
具体配置步骤如下
然后
测试连接,等个1分钟左右基本上就可以成功了
后面就在Windows上好好玩hive吧~
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原文链接:https://blog.csdn.net/axy_shelly/article/details/107087174