本文实例讲述了python实现的用于搜索文件并进行内容替换的类。分享给大家供大家参考。具体实现方法如下：
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#!/usr/bin/python -O# coding: UTF-8"""-replace string in files (recursive)-display the difference.v0.2 - search_string can be a re.compile() object -> use re.sub for replacingv0.1 - initial version Useable by a small "client" script, e.g.:-------------------------------------------------------------------------------#!/usr/bin/python -O# coding: UTF-8import sys, re#sys.path.insert(0,"/path/to/git/repro/") # Please change pathfrom replace_in_files import SearchAndReplaceSearchAndReplace( search_path = "/to/the/files/", # e.g.: simple string replace: search_string = 'the old string', replace_string = 'the new string', # e.g.: Regular expression replacing (used re.sub) #search_string = re.compile('{% url (.*?) %}'), #replace_string = "{% url '\g<1>' %}", search_only = True, # Display only the difference #search_only = False, # write the new content file_filter=("*.py",), # fnmatch-Filter)-------------------------------------------------------------------------------:copyleft: 2009-2011 by Jens Diemer"""__author__ = "Jens Diemer"__license__ = """GNU General Public License v3 or above - http://www.opensource.org/licenses/gpl-license.php"""__url__ = "http://www.jensdiemer.de"__version__ = "0.2"import os, re, time, fnmatch, difflib# FIXME: see http://stackoverflow.com/questions/4730121/cant-get-an-objects-class-name-in-pythonRE_TYPE = type(re.compile(""))class SearchAndReplace(object): def __init__(self, search_path, search_string, replace_string, search_only=True, file_filter=("*.*",)): self.search_path = search_path self.search_string = search_string self.replace_string = replace_string self.search_only = search_only self.file_filter = file_filter assert isinstance(self.file_filter, (list, tuple)) # FIXME: see http://stackoverflow.com/questions/4730121/cant-get-an-objects-class-name-in-python self.is_re = isinstance(self.search_string, RE_TYPE) print "Search '%s' in [%s]..." % ( self.search_string, self.search_path ) print "_" * 80 time_begin = time.time() file_count = self.walk() print "_" * 80 print "%s files searched in %0.2fsec." % ( file_count, (time.time() - time_begin) ) def walk(self): file_count = 0 for root, dirlist, filelist in os.walk(self.search_path): if ".svn" in root: continue for filename in filelist: for file_filter in self.file_filter: if fnmatch.fnmatch(filename, file_filter): self.search_file(os.path.join(root, filename)) file_count += 1 return file_count def search_file(self, filepath): f = file(filepath, "r") old_content = f.read() f.close() if self.is_re or self.search_string in old_content: new_content = self.replace_content(old_content, filepath) if self.is_re and new_content == old_content: return print filepath self.display_plaintext_diff(old_content, new_content) def replace_content(self, old_content, filepath): if self.is_re: new_content = self.search_string.sub(self.replace_string, old_content) if new_content == old_content: return old_content else: new_content = old_content.replace( self.search_string, self.replace_string ) if self.search_only != False: return new_content print "Write new content into %s..." % filepath, try: f = file(filepath, "w") f.write(new_content) f.close() except IOError, msg: print "Error:", msg else: print "OK" print return new_content def display_plaintext_diff(self, content1, content2): """ Display a diff. """ content1 = content1.splitlines() content2 = content2.splitlines() diff = difflib.Differ().compare(content1, content2) def is_diff_line(line): for char in ("-", "+", "?"): if line.startswith(char): return True return False print "line | text\n-------------------------------------------" old_line = "" in_block = False old_lineno = lineno = 0 for line in diff: if line.startswith(" ") or line.startswith("+"): lineno += 1 if old_lineno == lineno: display_line = "%4s | %s" % ("", line.rstrip()) else: display_line = "%4s | %s" % (lineno, line.rstrip()) if is_diff_line(line): if not in_block: print "..." # Display previous line print old_line in_block = True print display_line else: if in_block: # Display the next line aber a diff-block print display_line in_block = False old_line = display_line old_lineno = lineno print "..."if __name__ == "__main__": SearchAndReplace( search_path=".", # e.g.: simple string replace: search_string='the old string', replace_string='the new string', # e.g.: Regular expression replacing (used re.sub) #search_string = re.compile('{% url (.*?) %}'), #replace_string = "{% url '\g<1>' %}", search_only=True, # Display only the difference# search_only = False, # write the new content file_filter=("*.py",), # fnmatch-Filter ) |
希望本文所述对大家的Python程序设计有所帮助。
