在学习 Spring Mvc 过程中，有必要来先了解几个关键参数：
@Controller：
在类上注解，则此类将编程一个控制器，在项目启动 Spring 将自动扫描此类，并进行对应URL路由映射。
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@Controllerpublic class UserAction{ } |
@RequestMapping
指定URL映射路径，如果在控制器上配置 RequestMapping ，具体请求方法也配置路径则映射的路径为两者路径的叠加 常用映射如:RequestMapping("url.html")
配置映射路径：
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@Controllerpublic class UserAction { @RequestMapping(value = "/get_alluser.html") public ModelAndView GetAllUser(String Id) { }} |
以上配置映射
http://***:8080:web1/get_alluser.html：
如在 @Controller添加 @RequestMapping(value = "/user"),则映射路径变成
http://***:8080:web1/user/get_alluser.html
@ResponseBody
将注解方法对应的字符串直接返回
@RequestParam
自动映射URL对应的参数到Action上面的数值，RequestParam 默认为必填参数。
@PathVariable
获取@RequestMapping 配置指定格式的URL映射参数
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/* * 直接输出 HTML，或JSON 字符串 * 请求路径: * /web1/urlinfo/getcontent.html?key=rhythmk * /web1/urlinfo/getcontent.json?key=rhythmk * */ @ResponseBody @RequestMapping(value = "/getcontent.**") public String GetContent( @RequestParam("key") String key, @RequestParam(value = "key2", required = false, defaultValue = "defaultValue") String key2) { System.out.println("getcontent 被调用"); String result = "直接返回内容 - key:" + key + ",key2:" + key2; System.out.println(result); return result; } |
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/* * RequestMapping 支持 Ant 风格的URL配置 ： * 请求路径： * /urlinfo/geturlant/config.html?key=adddd */ @ResponseBody @RequestMapping(value = "/geturlant/**.html") public String getUrlAnt(HttpServletRequest request) { String result = "?后面的参数为：" + request.getQueryString(); return result; } |
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/* * 配置指定格式的URL，映射到对应的参数 * 请求路径：/web1/urlinfo/geturlparam/12_123.html * * */ @RequestMapping(value = "/geturlparam/{id}_{menuId}.html") public ModelAndView getUrlParam(@PathVariable("id") String id, @PathVariable("menuId") String menuId) { ModelAndView mode = new ModelAndView(ShowMsg); mode.addObject("msg", "获取到的Id:" + id + ",menuId:" + menuId); return mode; } |
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/* * 只接收Post 请求 */@ResponseBody@RequestMapping(value = "/posturl.html", method = RequestMethod.POST)public String UrlMethod(@RequestParam String id) { return "只能是Post请求,获取到的Id:" + id;} |
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/* * 写入 cookie * */@RequestMapping("/writecookies.html")public ModelAndView writeCookies(@RequestParam String value, HttpServletResponse response) { response.addCookie(new Cookie("key", value)); ModelAndView mode = new ModelAndView(ShowMsg); mode.addObject("msg", "cookies 写入成功"); return mode ;} |
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/* * 通过 @CookieValue 获取对应的key的值 * */@RequestMapping("/getcookies.html")public ModelAndView getCookie(@CookieValue("key") String cookvalue) { ModelAndView mode = new ModelAndView(ShowMsg); mode.addObject("msg", "cookies=" + cookvalue); return mode;} |
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/* * 将 Servlet Api 作为参数传入 * 可以在action中直接使用 HttpServletResponse，HttpServletRequest * */@RequestMapping("/servlet.html")public String Servlet1(HttpServletResponse response, HttpServletRequest request) { Boolean result = (request != null && response != null); ModelAndView mode = new ModelAndView(); mode.addObject("msg", "result=" + result.toString()); return ShowMsg;} |
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/* * 根据URL传入的参数实例化对象 * * 如： http://127.0.0.1:8080/web1/urlinfo/getobject.html?UserId=1&UserName=ad * */@RequestMapping("getobject.html")public ModelAndView getObject(UserInfo user) { String result = "用户ID：" + user.getUserId().toString() + ",用户名:" + user.getUserName().toString(); ModelAndView mode = new ModelAndView(ShowMsg); mode.addObject("msg", "result=" + result.toString()); return mode;} |
实现页面跳转：
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/* * 实现页面跳转 * /web1/urlinfo/redirectpage.html * */@RequestMapping("/redirectpage.html")public String RedirectPage(){ return "redirect:getcookies.html?r=10"; } |
直接回传JSON
请求的URL地址一定是以.json结尾，否则异常
Failed to load resource: the server responded with a status of 406 (Not Acceptable) ： The resource identified by this request is only capable of generating responses with characteristics not acceptable according to the request "accept" headers ()
回传实体：
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@JsonSerialize(include = JsonSerialize.Inclusion.NON_NULL)public class UserInfo { private Integer UserId; public Integer getUserId() { return UserId; } public void setUserId(Integer userId) { UserId = userId; } public String getUserName() { return UserName; } public void setUserName(String userName) { UserName = userName; } private String UserName; } |
回传 action
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@ResponseBody @RequestMapping("/getuser.json") public UserInfo GetUser() { System.out.println("getuser"); UserInfo model=new UserInfo(); model.setUserId(100); model.setUserName("王坤"); return model; } |
请求：
/web1/urlinfo/getuser.json
输出：
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{"userId":100,"userName":"王坤"} |
以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。
