python实现两个文本合并
employee文件中记录了工号和姓名
cat employee.txt:
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100 Jason Smith 200 John Doe 300 Sanjay Gupta 400 Ashok Sharma |
bonus文件中记录工号和工资
cat bonus.txt:
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100 $5,000 200 $500 300 $3,000 400 $1,250 |
要求把两个文件合并并输出如下, 处理结果:
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400 ashok sharma $1,250 100 jason smith $5,000 200 john doe $500 300 sanjay gupta $3,000 |
这个应该是要求用shell来写的,但我的shell功底不怎么样,就用python来实现了
注意,按题目的意思,在输出文件中还需要按照姓名首字母来排序的
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#! /usr/bin/env python #coding=utf-8 fp01 = open ( "bonus.txt" , "r" ) a = [] for line01 in fp01: a.append(line01) fp02 = open ( "employee.txt" , "r" ) fc02 = sorted (fp02,key = lambda x:x.split()[ 1 ]) for line02 in fc02: i = 0 while line02.split()[ 0 ]! = a[i].split()[ 0 ]: i + = 1 print "%s %s %s %s" % (line02.split()[ 0 ],line02.split()[ 1 ],line02.split()[ 2 ],a[i].split()[ 1 ]) fp01.close() fp02.close() |
我们再来看一段同样功能的 代码
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# coding gbk # # author: GreatGhoul # email : greatghoul@gmail.com # blog : http://greatghoul.javaeye.com import sys,os,msvcrt def join(in_filenames, out_filename): out_file = open (out_filename, 'w+' ) err_files = [] for file in in_filenames: try : in_file = open ( file , 'r' ) out_file.write(in_file.read()) out_file.write( '\n\n' ) in_file.close() except IOError: print 'error joining' , file err_files.append( file ) out_file.close() print 'joining completed. %d file(s) missed.' % len (err_files) print 'output file:' , out_filename if len (err_files) > 0 : print 'missed files:' print '--------------------------------' for file in err_files: print file print '--------------------------------' if __name__ = = '__main__' : print 'scanning...' in_filenames = [] file_count = 0 for file in os.listdir(sys.path[ 0 ]): if file .lower().endswith( '[all].txt' ): os.remove( file ) elif file .lower().endswith( '.txt' ): in_filenames.append( file ) file_count = file_count + 1 if len (in_filenames) > 0 : print '--------------------------------' print '\n' .join(in_filenames) print '--------------------------------' print '%d part(s) in total.' % file_count book_name = raw_input ( 'enter the book name: ' ) print 'joining...' join(in_filenames, book_name + '[ALL].TXT' ) else : print 'nothing found.' msvcrt.getch() |
最后我们再来看一个小编遇到的情况:
今天汇编的时候在阿甘的博客里面看到了一部小说《疯狂的程序员》,于是网上搜了下准备放到手机里闲时看看,无奈下载后发现是分章节的txt文本,一共有87个文件,考虑到阅读起来不是很方便,于是想找个现成的工具合并txt文本。
结果尝试了几个工具后觉得合并效果都不给力啊,于是打算自己动手。其实cmd的命令"type *.txt >> crazy-programmer.txt"还是很有效果的,然而合并后的txt文件却十分庞大,所以我还是自己写了一个脚本完成了合并。
说明:由于我下载的87个txt文件的字符编码格式都不统一,所以我用chardet模块判断字符编码类型后再用codecs模块的codecs.open功能解决了编码问题。如果直接用file的open打开txt文件的话,在UCS-2 Little Endian的编码情况下,file.read()遇到中文的冒号(即“:”)后会无法读取冒号以后的内容,所以需要用codecs.open(path,'r',encoding)来解决。
如果还有问题可以留言,代码如下:
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#!coding: cp936 import codecs, chardet def fileopen(filename): f = open (filename, 'r' ) s = f.read() if (chardet.detect(s)[ 'encoding' ] = = 'UTF-16LE' ): f.close() f = codecs. open (filename, 'r' , 'utf-16-le' ) data = f.read().encode( 'gb2312' , 'ignore' ) f.close() elif (chardet.detect(s)[ 'encoding' ] = = 'GB2312' ): data = s f.close() return data i = 1 while i < = 87 : if (i < 10 ): filename = '0' + str (i) + '.txt' else : filename = str (i) + '.txt' text = fileopen(filename) file ( 'crazy-p.txt' , 'a+' ).write(text) i = i + 1 |
其中,chardet模块需要下载安装,脚本还可以改进以适应更多种情况,我就懒了。