Django上传文件最简单最官方的方法
1.配置media路径
在settings.py中添加如下代码:
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MEDIA_ROOT = os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'media' ) |
2.定义数据表
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import os from django.db import models from django.utils.timezone import now as timezone_now def upload_to(instance, filename): now = timezone_now() base, ext = os.path.splitext(filename) ext = ext.lower() return f 'quotes/{now:%Y/%m/%Y%m%d%H%M%S}{ext}' class Quote(models.Model): class Meta: verbose_name = 'quote' verbose_name_plural = verbose_name author = models.CharField( 'author' , max_length = 200 ) quote = models.TextField( 'quote' ) picture = models.ImageField( 'picture' , upload_to = upload_to, blank = True , null = True ) def __str__( self ): return self .quote |
这里的upload_to函数会自动把文件的名称修改为日期型的名称,不会重名。
3.添加form表单
forms.py文件
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from django import forms from .models import Quote class QuoteForm(forms.ModelForm): class Meta: model = Quote fields = '__all__' |
4.编写视图代码
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from django.shortcuts import render, redirect from .forms import QuoteForm def add_quote(request): form = QuoteForm() if request.method = = 'POST' : form = QuoteForm( data = request.POST, files = request.FILES ) if form.is_valid(): form.save() return redirect( 'quote:add_quote' ) else : return render(request, 'quotes/add_quote.html' , { 'form' : form }) |
5.编写模板html代码
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<form action = "{% url 'quote:add_quote' %}" method = "post" enctype = "multipart/form-data" > { % csrf_token % } {{ form.as_p }} <button type = "submit" >save< / button> < / form> |
6.添加url映射
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在app的目录的urls.py添加 from django.urls import path from quotes.views import add_quote app_name = 'quote' urlpatterns = [ path( 'add/' , add_quote, name = 'add_quote' ) ] |
在项目目录的urls.py文件添加
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from django.urls import path, include urlpatterns = [ path( 'quotes/' , include( 'quotes.urls' , namespace = 'quote' )) ] |
效果图
知识点扩展:
最简单的文件下载功能的实现
将文件流放入HttpResponse对象即可,如
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def file_download(request): # do something... with open ( 'file_name.txt' ) as f: c = f.read() return HttpResponse(c) |
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原文链接:https://www.py.cn/kuangjia/django/10803.html