四六级成绩查询网站我所知道的有两个:学信网(http://www.chsi.com.cn/cet/)和99宿舍(http://cet.99sushe.com/),这两个网站采用的都是动态网页。我使用的是学信网,好了,网站截图如下:
网站的代码如下:
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< form method = "get" name = "form1" id = "form1" action = "/cet/query" > < table border = "0" align = "center" cellpadding = "0" cellspacing = "0" > < tr >< td align = "right" >准考证号:</ td >< td align = "left" >< input name = "zkzh" value = "112008000463141" id = "zkzh" type = "text" size = "18" maxlength = "15" class = "input_text input_t_l" /></ td > < td align = "left" class = "font12 color666" >请输入15位准考证号</ td > </ tr > < tr >< td align = "right" >姓名:</ td >< td align = "left" >< input name = "xm" value = "啊啊" id = "xm" type = "text" size = "18" maxlength = "50" class = "input_text input_t_l" /></ td > < td align = "left" class = "font12 color666" >姓名超过3个字,可只输入前3个</ td > </ tr > < tr >< td align = "center" > </ td > < td colspan = "2" align = "left" >< input type = "submit" id = "submitCET" class = "btn_blue" value = "查询" /></ td > </ tr > </ table > </ form > |
由图中可以看出表单提交的链接为/cet/query,即:http://www.chsi.com.cn/cet/query,好了,填写表单和结果如下:
但是,点击查看源代码之后发现,没有成绩,即代码仍是上面那个,之后按F12查看代码:
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< TBODY >< TR > < TH >姓名:</ TH > < TD >XXXX</ TD ></ TR > < TR > < TH >学校:</ TH > < TD >XXXXXX</ TD ></ TR > < TR > < TH >考试类别:</ TH > < TD >英语四级</ TD ></ TR > < TR > < TH >准考证号:</ TH > < TD >120135151100101</ TD ></ TR > < TR > < TH >考试时间:</ TH > < TD >2015年06月</ TD ></ TR >总分:</ TH >< TD class = fontBold vAlign = "top" >< SPAN class = colorRed >403 </ SPAN >< BR >< SPAN class = color666 >听力:</ SPAN > 132 < BR >< SPAN class = color666 >阅读:</ SPAN > 147 < BR >< SPAN class = color666 >写作与翻译:</ SPAN > 124 </ TD ></ TR > |
该代码显示了成绩,可以知道,该网站使用的是动态网页,用的JavaScript或者Ajax.js还是其他的我就不知道了0.0。上面为需求。
前言:使用过BeautifulSoup爬取过,但是BeautifulSoup是爬取不了动态网页的,上各种论坛找各种资料,用了n种东西,scapy,pyqt等等,走了真心不少弯路,不是不行,应该是我不会用,最终用了selenium和phantomjs,这两个应该也是目前最流行的爬虫模块了吧。
一、导入selenium和phantomjs
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from selenium import webdriver driver = webdriver.PhantomJS(executable_path = 'D:\phantomjs-2.1.1-windows\phantomjs.exe' ) driver.get(url) driver.find_element_by_id( 'zkzh' ).send_keys(i) driver.find_element_by_id( 'xm' ).send_keys(xm) driver.find_elements_by_tag_name( 'form' )[ 1 ].submit() |
代码说明:
3.selenium可以加载很多驱动,比如Chrome、FireFox等,这里需要有这两个浏览器和驱动才行,折腾了一下,网上说Phantomjs是较好的了
5、6、7分别是准考证号,姓名和提交
二、字符处理
提交之后就可以直接查找了:
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print driver.find_element_by_xpath( "//tr[3]/td[1]" ).text print driver.find_element_by_xpath( "//tr[6]/td[1]" ).text |
代码说明:
1.查看姓名
2.查看分数及其具体成绩
打印之后为:
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姓名 听力 阅读 写作 |
之后要对分数进行字符串处理,选取各部分的数字,这里我们采用re模块:
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import re m = re.findall(r '(\w*[0-9]+)\w*' , chuli2) |
其中m是数组,输出的是["403","132","147","142"]
三、数据库
我们学校也不知说很渣还是人性化,反正公布了全校的四六级准考证号,当然,是excel的,需要导入mysql数据库,打开Excel之后,我发现微软大法和Oracle真是牛,Excel365居然有mysql workbench连接部分。
数据库代码如下:
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import MySQLdb conn = MySQLdb.Connect(host = 'localhost' , user = 'root' , passwd = 'root' , db = 'cet' , port = 3306 , charset = 'utf8' ) cur = conn.cursor() curr = conn.cursor() cur.execute( "select name from cet.cet where zkzh=(%s)" % i) xm = cur.fetchone()[ 0 ] print "Name is " + xm sqltxt = "update cet.cet set leibie=(%s),zongfen=(%s),tingli=(%s),yuedu=(%s),xiezuo=(%s) WHERE zkzh=(%s)" % ( ss, m[ 0 ], m[ 1 ], m[ 2 ], m[ 3 ], i) cur.execute(sqltxt) conn.commit() cur.close() conn.close() |
代码说明:
3.python连接数据库代码
6.连接数据库取得姓名部分
9.这行我好无语啊,使用‘“+ss+”'这样的写法一直报错,最终找了半天资料,这个写法我不太喜欢,但是凑合着用吧。
12.记得一定要提交事务!!!commit()!!!不然是没有效果的
四、使用代理服务器(保留以后写)
运行了一段时间之后,大概抓了几百人的吧,然后就出现要求验证码了,解决办法只能处理验证码或者使用代理服务器了,这部分继续加强学习再弄出来了↖(^ω^)↗
五、源代码和效果
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# encoding=utf8 import MySQLdb import re import time from selenium import webdriver # connect mysql,get zkxh and xm conn = MySQLdb.Connect(host = 'localhost' , user = 'root' , passwd = 'root' , db = 'cet' , port = 3306 , charset = 'utf8' ) cur = conn.cursor() curr = conn.cursor() url = 'http://www.chsi.com.cn/cet/query' def kaishi(i): print i, print " start" try : cur.execute( "select name from cet.cet where zkzh=(%s)" % i) xm = cur.fetchone()[ 0 ] print "Name is " + xm driver = webdriver.PhantomJS(executable_path = 'D:\phantomjs-2.1.1-windows\phantomjs.exe' ) driver.get(url) driver.find_element_by_id( 'zkzh' ).send_keys(i) driver.find_element_by_id( 'xm' ).send_keys(xm) driver.find_elements_by_tag_name( 'form' )[ 1 ].submit() driver.set_page_load_timeout( 10 ) leibie = driver.find_element_by_xpath( "//tr[3]/td[1]" ).text leibie2 = str (leibie.encode( "utf-8" )) ss = "" if leibie2.decode( "utf-8" ) = = '英语四级' .decode( "utf-8" ): ss = 4 else : ss = 6 # zongfen = driver.find_element_by_xpath("//tr[6]/th[1]").text # print zongfen # print "====" chuli = driver.find_element_by_xpath( "//tr[6]/td[1]" ).text print chuli chuli2 = str (chuli.encode( "utf-8" )) m = re.findall(r '(\w*[0-9]+)\w*' , chuli2) sqltxt = "update cet.cet set leibie=(%s),zongfen=(%s),tingli=(%s),yuedu=(%s),xiezuo=(%s) WHERE zkzh=(%s)" % ( ss, m[ 0 ], m[ 1 ], m[ 2 ], m[ 3 ], i) cur.execute(sqltxt) conn.commit() print str (i) + " finish" except Exception, e: print e driver.close() time.sleep( 10 ) kaishi(i) # for j1 in range(1201351511001, 1201351512154): for j1 in range ( 1201351511007 , 1201351512154 ): for j2 in range ( 0 , 3 ): for j3 in range ( 0 , 10 ): j = str (j1) + str (j2) + str (j3) if str (j2) + str (j3) = = "00" : print "0.0" elif str (j2) + str (j3) = = "29" : kaishi( str (j1) + str (j2) + str (j3)) j4 = str (j1) + "30" kaishi(j4) else : kaishi(j) print "END!!!" cur.close() conn.close() |
总结:python的字符串处理细节真的很重要,动不动就输出错误,还有IDE的编码不一样,记得还有个系统编码,字符编码,环境编码,数据库编码等等都要一致。
以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助。