一:threading VS Thread
众所周知,python是支持多线程的,而且是native的线程,其中threading是对Thread模块做了包装,可以更加方面的被使用,threading模块里面主要对一些线程操作对象化了,创建了Thread的类。
使用线程有两种模式,一种是创建线程要执行的函数,把这个函数传递进Thread对象里,让它来执行,一种是直接从Thread继承,创建一个新的class,把线程执行的代码放到这个新的类里面,用例如下:
①使用Thread来实现多线程
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#!/usr/bin/env python #-*- coding:utf-8 -*- import string import threading import time def threadMain(a): global count,mutex #获得线程名 threadname = threading.currentThread().getName() for x in xrange ( 0 , int (a)): #获得锁 mutex.acquire() count + = 1 #释放锁 mutex.release() print threadname,x,count time.sleep() def main(num): global count,mutex threads = [] count = 1 #创建一个锁 mutex = threading.Lock() #先创建线程对象 for x in xrange ( 0 ,num): threads.append(threading.Thread(target = threadMain,args = ( 10 ,))) for t in threads: t.start() for t in threads: t.join() if __name__ = = "__main__" : num = 4 main(num); |
②使用threading来实现多线程
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#!/usr/bin/env python #-*- coding:utf-8 -*- import threading import time class Test(threading.Thread): def __init__( self ,num): threading.Thread.__init__( self ): self ._run_num = num def run( self ): global count,mutex threadName = threading.currentThread.getName() for x in xrange ( 0 , int ( self ._run_num)): mutex.acquire() count + = 1 mutex.release() print threadName,x,count time.sleep( 1 ) if __name__ = = "__main__" : global count,mutex threads = [] num = 4 count = 1 mutex.threading.Lock() for x in xrange (o,num): threads.append(Test( 10 )) #启动线程 for t in threads: t.start() #等待子线程结束 for t in threads: t.join() |
二:optparser VS getopt
①使用getopt模块处理Unix模式的命令行选项
getopt模块用于抽出命令行选项和参数,也就是sys.argv,命令行选项使得程序的参数更加灵活,支持短选项模式和长选项模式
例:python scriptname.py –f “hello” –directory-prefix=”/home” –t --format ‘a'‘b'
getopt函数的格式:getopt.getopt([命令行参数列表],‘短选项',[长选项列表])
其中短选项名后面的带冒号(:)表示该选项必须有附加的参数
长选项名后面有等号(=)表示该选项必须有附加的参数
返回options以及args
options是一个参数选项及其value的元组((‘-f','hello'),(‘-t',''),(‘—format',''),(‘—directory-prefix','/home'))
args是除去有用参数外其他的命令行 输入(‘a',‘b')
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#!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding:utf-8 -*- import sys import getopt def Usage(): print "Usage: %s [-a|-0|-c] [--help|--output] args..." % sys.argv[ 0 ] if __name__ = = "__main__" : try : options,args = getopt.getopt(sys.argv[ 1 :], "ao:c" ,[ 'help' , "putput=" ]): print options print "\n" print args for option,arg in options: if option in ( "-h" , "--help" ): Usage() sys.exit( 1 ) elif option in ( '-t' , '--test' ): print "for test option" else : print option,arg except getopt.GetoptError: print "Getopt Error" Usage() sys.exit( 1 ) |
②optparser模块
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#!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding:utf-8 -*- import optparser def main(): usage = "Usage: %prog [option] arg1,arg2..." parser = OptionParser(usage = usage) parser.add_option( "-v" , "--verbose" ,action = "store_true" ,dest = "verbose" ,default = True , help = "make lots of noise [default]" ) parser.add_option( "-q" , "--quiet" ,action = "store_false" ,dest = "verbose" , help = "be vewwy quiet (I'm hunting wabbits)" ) parser.add_option( "-f" , "--filename" ,metavar = "FILE" , help = "write output to FILE" ) parser.add_option( "-m" , "--mode" ,default = "intermediate" , help = "interaction mode: novice, intermediate,or expert [default: %default]" ) (options,args) = parser.parse_args() if len (args) ! = 1 : parser.error( "incorrect number of arguments" ) if options.verbose: print "reading %s..." % options.filename if __name__ = = "__main__" : main() |
以上就是threading VS Thread、optparser VS getopt 的相互比较,希望对大家学习模块有所帮助。