实验环境
1.安装Python 3.7
2.安装requests, bs4,pymysql 模块
实验步骤1.安装环境及模块
可参考http://www.zzvips.com/article/97828.html
2.编写代码
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# 51cto 博客页面数据插入mysql数据库 # 导入模块 import re import bs4 import pymysql import requests # 连接数据库账号密码 db = pymysql.connect(host = '172.171.13.229' , user = 'root' , passwd = 'abc123' , db = 'test' , port = 3306 , charset = 'utf8' ) # 获取游标 cursor = db.cursor() def open_url(url): # 连接模拟网页访问 headers = { 'user-agent' : 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) ' 'Chrome/57.0.2987.98 Safari/537.36' } res = requests.get(url, headers = headers) return res # 爬取网页内容 def find_text(res): soup = bs4.BeautifulSoup(res.text, 'html.parser' ) # 博客名 titles = [] targets = soup.find_all( "a" , class_ = "tit" ) for each in targets: each = each.text.strip() if "置顶" in each: each = each.split( ' ' )[ 0 ] titles.append(each) # 阅读量 reads = [] read1 = soup.find_all( "p" , class_ = "read fl on" ) read2 = soup.find_all( "p" , class_ = "read fl" ) for each in read1: reads.append(each.text) for each in read2: reads.append(each.text) # 评论数 comment = [] targets = soup.find_all( "p" , class_ = 'comment fl' ) for each in targets: comment.append(each.text) # 收藏 collects = [] targets = soup.find_all( "p" , class_ = 'collect fl' ) for each in targets: collects.append(each.text) # 发布时间 dates = [] targets = soup.find_all( "a" , class_ = 'time fl' ) for each in targets: each = each.text.split( ':' )[ 1 ] dates.append(each) # 插入sql 语句 sql = """insert into blog (blog_title,read_number,comment_number, collect, dates) values( '%s', '%s', '%s', '%s', '%s');""" # 替换页面 \xa0 for titles, reads, comment, collects, dates in zip (titles, reads, comment, collects, dates): reads = re.sub( '\s' , '', reads) comment = re.sub( '\s' , '', comment) collects = re.sub( '\s' , '', collects) cursor.execute(sql % (titles, reads, comment, collects,dates)) db.commit() pass # 统计总页数 def find_depth(res): soup = bs4.BeautifulSoup(res.text, 'html.parser' ) depth = soup.find( 'li' , class_ = 'next' ).previous_sibling.previous_sibling.text return int (depth) # 主函数 def main(): host = "https://blog.51cto.com/13760351" res = open_url(host) # 打开首页链接 depth = find_depth(res) # 获取总页数 # 爬取其他页面信息 for i in range ( 1 , depth + 1 ): url = host + '/p' + str (i) # 完整链接 res = open_url(url) # 打开其他链接 find_text(res) # 爬取数据 # 关闭游标 cursor.close() # 关闭数据库连接 db.close() if __name__ = = '__main__' : main() |
3..MySQL创建对应的表
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CREATE TABLE `blog` ( `row_id` int (11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '主键' , `blog_title` varchar (52) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '博客标题' , `read_number` varchar (26) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '阅读数量' , `comment_number` varchar (16) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '评论数量' , `collect` varchar (16) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '收藏数量' , `dates` varchar (16) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '发布日期' , PRIMARY KEY (`row_id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; |
4.运行代码,查看效果:
改进版:
改进内容:
1.数据库里面的某些字段只保留数字即可
2.默认爬取的内容都是字符串,存放数据库的某些字段,最好改为整型,方便后面数据库操作
1.代码如下:
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import re import bs4 import pymysql import requests # 连接数据库 db = pymysql.connect(host = '172.171.13.229' , user = 'root' , passwd = 'abc123' , db = 'test' , port = 3306 , charset = 'utf8' ) # 获取游标 cursor = db.cursor() def open_url(url): # 连接模拟网页访问 headers = { 'user-agent' : 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) ' 'Chrome/57.0.2987.98 Safari/537.36' } res = requests.get(url, headers = headers) return res # 爬取网页内容 def find_text(res): soup = bs4.BeautifulSoup(res.text, 'html.parser' ) # 博客标题 titles = [] targets = soup.find_all( "a" , class_ = "tit" ) for each in targets: each = each.text.strip() if "置顶" in each: each = each.split( ' ' )[ 0 ] titles.append(each) # 阅读量 reads = [] read1 = soup.find_all( "p" , class_ = "read fl on" ) read2 = soup.find_all( "p" , class_ = "read fl" ) for each in read1: reads.append(each.text) for each in read2: reads.append(each.text) # 评论数 comment = [] targets = soup.find_all( "p" , class_ = 'comment fl' ) for each in targets: comment.append(each.text) # 收藏 collects = [] targets = soup.find_all( "p" , class_ = 'collect fl' ) for each in targets: collects.append(each.text) # 发布时间 dates = [] targets = soup.find_all( "a" , class_ = 'time fl' ) for each in targets: each = each.text.split( ':' )[ 1 ] dates.append(each) # 插入sql 语句 sql = """insert into blogs (blog_title,read_number,comment_number, collect, dates) values( '%s', '%s', '%s', '%s', '%s');""" # 替换页面 \xa0 for titles, reads, comment, collects, dates in zip (titles, reads, comment, collects, dates): reads = re.sub( '\s' , '', reads) reads = int (re.sub( '\D' , "", reads)) #匹配数字,转换为整型 comment = re.sub( '\s' , '', comment) comment = int (re.sub( '\D' , "", comment)) #匹配数字,转换为整型 collects = re.sub( '\s' , '', collects) collects = int (re.sub( '\D' , "", collects)) #匹配数字,转换为整型 dates = re.sub( '\s' , '', dates) cursor.execute(sql % (titles, reads, comment, collects,dates)) db.commit() pass # 统计总页数 def find_depth(res): soup = bs4.BeautifulSoup(res.text, 'html.parser' ) depth = soup.find( 'li' , class_ = 'next' ).previous_sibling.previous_sibling.text return int (depth) # 主函数 def main(): host = "https://blog.51cto.com/13760351" res = open_url(host) # 打开首页链接 depth = find_depth(res) # 获取总页数 # 爬取其他页面信息 for i in range ( 1 , depth + 1 ): url = host + '/p' + str (i) # 完整链接 res = open_url(url) # 打开其他链接 find_text(res) # 爬取数据 # 关闭游标 cursor.close() # 关闭数据库连接 db.close() #主程序入口 if __name__ = = '__main__' : main() |
2.创建对应表
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CREATE TABLE `blogs` ( `row_id` int (11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '主键' , `blog_title` varchar (52) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '博客标题' , `read_number` int (26) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '阅读数量' , `comment_number` int (16) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '评论数量' , `collect` int (16) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '收藏数量' , `dates` varchar (16) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '发布日期' , PRIMARY KEY (`row_id`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; |
3.运行代码,验证
升级版
为了能让小白就可以使用这个程序,可以把这个项目打包成exe格式的文件,让其他人,使用电脑就可以运行代码,这样非常方便!
1.改进代码:
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#末尾修改为: if __name__ = = '__main__' : main() print ( "\n\t\t所有数据已成功存放数据库!!! \n" ) time.sleep( 5 ) |
2.安装打包模块pyinstaller(cmd安装)
pip install pyinstaller -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple/
3.Python代码打包
1.切换到需要打包代码的路径下面
2.在cmd窗口运行 pyinstaller -F test03.py (test03为项目名称)
4.查看exe包
在打包后会出现dist目录,打好包就在这个目录里面
5.运行exe包,查看效果
检查数据库
总结:
1.这一篇博客,是在上一篇的基础上改进的,步骤是先爬取首页的信息,再爬取其他页面信息,最后在改进细节,打包exe文件
2.我们爬取网页数据大多数还是存放到数据库的,所以这种方法很实用。
3.其实在此博客的基础上还是可以改进的,重要的是掌握方法即可。
以上就是本文的全部内容,希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。
原文链接:https://blog.51cto.com/13760351/2502834