Flask-OAuthlib是OAuthlib的Flask扩展实现,
项目地址:
https://github.com/lepture/flask-oauthlib
主要特性:
- 支持OAuth 1.0a, 1.0, 1.1, OAuth2客户端
- 友好的API(和Flask-OAuth一样)
- 与Flask直接整合
- 等等……
Flask-OAuthlib提供了多个开放平台的示例代码,比如Google, Facebook, Twiter, Github, Dropbox, 豆瓣, 微博等,只是暂时没有QQ登录的示例代码。
QQ OAuth登录示例
下面是QQ登录的代码:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
|
import os import json from flask import Flask, redirect, url_for, session, request, jsonify, Markup from flask_oauthlib.client import OAuth QQ_APP_ID = os.getenv( 'QQ_APP_ID' , '101187283' ) QQ_APP_KEY = os.getenv( 'QQ_APP_KEY' , '993983549da49e384d03adfead8b2489' ) app = Flask(__name__) app.debug = True app.secret_key = 'development' oauth = OAuth(app) qq = oauth.remote_app( 'qq' , consumer_key = QQ_APP_ID, consumer_secret = QQ_APP_KEY, base_url = 'https://graph.qq.com' , request_token_url = None , request_token_params = { 'scope' : 'get_user_info' }, access_token_url = '/oauth2.0/token' , authorize_url = '/oauth2.0/authorize' , ) def json_to_dict(x): '''OAuthResponse class can't not parse the JSON data with content-type text/html, so we need reload the JSON data manually''' if x.find( 'callback' ) > - 1 : pos_lb = x.find( '{' ) pos_rb = x.find( '}' ) x = x[pos_lb:pos_rb + 1 ] try : return json.loads(x, encoding = 'utf-8' ) except : return x def update_qq_api_request_data(data = {}): '''Update some required parameters for OAuth2.0 API calls''' defaults = { 'openid' : session.get( 'qq_openid' ), 'access_token' : session.get( 'qq_token' )[ 0 ], 'oauth_consumer_key' : QQ_APP_ID, } defaults.update(data) return defaults @app .route( '/' ) def index(): '''just for verify website owner here.''' return Markup( '''<meta property="qc:admins" ''' '''content="226526754150631611006375" />''' ) @app .route( '/user_info' ) def get_user_info(): if 'qq_token' in session: data = update_qq_api_request_data() resp = qq.get( '/user/get_user_info' , data = data) return jsonify(status = resp.status, data = resp.data) return redirect(url_for( 'login' )) @app .route( '/login' ) def login(): return qq.authorize(callback = url_for( 'authorized' , _external = True )) @app .route( '/logout' ) def logout(): session.pop( 'qq_token' , None ) return redirect(url_for( 'get_user_info' )) @app .route( '/login/authorized' ) def authorized(): resp = qq.authorized_response() if resp is None : return 'Access denied: reason=%s error=%s' % ( request.args[ 'error_reason' ], request.args[ 'error_description' ] ) session[ 'qq_token' ] = (resp[ 'access_token' ], '') # Get openid via access_token, openid and access_token are needed for API calls resp = qq.get( '/oauth2.0/me' , { 'access_token' : session[ 'qq_token' ][ 0 ]}) resp = json_to_dict(resp.data) if isinstance (resp, dict ): session[ 'qq_openid' ] = resp.get( 'openid' ) return redirect(url_for( 'get_user_info' )) @qq .tokengetter def get_qq_oauth_token(): return session.get( 'qq_token' ) if __name__ = = '__main__' : app.run() |
主要流程:
- 访问QQ互联网站 http://connect.qq.com/ 注册成为开发者,并申请应用,申请应用时需要验证网站所有权;
- 应用申请好之后,把QQ_APP_ID和QQ_APP_KEY替换为你的应用的;
- 访问/login,然后会跳转到QQ的授权验证网页;
- QQ验证通过之后,会跳转回到/login/authorized,并获取access_token;
- 得到access_token之后,通过access_token获取openid,access_token和openid是后期调用其它API的必要参数;
- 跳转到/user_info,获取并显示登录用户的基本信息。
更多信息请参阅Flask-OAuthlib文档和QQ互联文档:
https://flask-oauthlib.readthedocs.org/
http://wiki.connect.qq.com/
关于SAE平台的特别说明
在SAE平台上,授权过程没有任何问题,当获取到access_token之后,调用API时,会在请求时(比如get, put)附加类似如下的请求头:
1
|
headers = {u'Authorization': u'Bearer 83F40E96FB6882686F4DF1E17105D04E'} |
这个请求头会引发HTTPError: HTTP Error 400: Bad request,造成请求失败。解决的办法是把键名转换成str类型,Hack代码如下:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
|
def convert_keys_to_string(dictionary): """Recursively converts dictionary keys to strings.""" if not isinstance (dictionary, dict ): return dictionary return dict (( str (k), convert_keys_to_string(v)) for k, v in dictionary.items()) def change_qq_header(uri, headers, body): headers = convert_keys_to_string(headers) return uri, headers, body qq.pre_request = change_qq_header |
当项目部署在SAE平台时,将这段代码放在if __name__ == '__main__'语句之前即可。
小结
OAuth2登录验证还是比较容易的,绝大多数的平台都支持标准的协议,使用通用的库可以简化开发流程。另外,QQ登录的代码已经提交到Flask-OAuthlib代码库了。