有时需要在网上租用空间或数据库,Mysql成本低一些,所以想将sql server转成mysql……
注意:在安装Mysql时要选择文字集为utf8,否则将不能使用中文(当前也可以在创建数据库时使用utf8,不过我不知道在ef生成数据库时如何设置,希望高手指点)
一、在项目中引用mysql的EF包
通过NuGet包管理器安装:EntityFramework6.1.3、MySql.Data.Entity6.9.8
也可以用nuget的命令行加入:
Install-Package MySql.Data.Entity
二、新建相关类
1、新建 User 实体类
并定义实例的字段长度,不定义的话会出现Specified key was too long;max key length is 767 bytes 的错误,这是因为string 类型直接映射到mysql 中的话是longtext,而mysql 支持最大长度为767 bytes.
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public class User { public int Id { get; set ; } [StringLength(30)] public string UserName { get; set ; } [MaxLength(30)] public string PassWord { get; set ; } } |
2、新建 MyContext 类
并说明用MySql进行实现 [DbConfigurationType(typeof(MySqlEFConfiguration))]
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[DbConfigurationType(typeof(MySqlEFConfiguration))] public class MyContext : DbContext { public MyContext() : base( "name=MyContext" )//web.config中connectionstring的名字 { } public DbSet< User > Users { get; set ; } } |
3、写测试代码
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Database .SetInitializer(new DropCreateDatabaseIfModelChanges<MyContext>()); var context = new MyContext(); //插入一行值 context.Users. Add (new User { UserName = "EF6MySQL" }); context.SaveChanges(); |
三、配置Web.config
在<connectionStrings>中加入以下代码:
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< add name = "MyContext" connectionString= "Data Source=localhost;port=3306;Initial Catalog=MySQL_EF;user id=root;password=root;" providerName= "MySql.Data.MySqlClient" /> |
完整的web.config如下:
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<?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "utf-8" ?> <configuration> <configSections> <! -- For more information on Entity Framework configuration, visit http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=237468 --> < section name = "entityFramework" type= "System.Data.Entity.Internal.ConfigFile.EntityFrameworkSection, EntityFramework, Version=6.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089" requirePermission= "false" /> </configSections> <entityFramework> <defaultConnectionFactory type= "System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure.SqlConnectionFactory , EntityFramework" /> <providers> <provider invariantName= "System.Data.SqlClient" type= "System.Data.Entity.SqlServer.SqlProviderServices, EntityFramework.SqlServer" /> <provider invariantName= "MySql.Data.MySqlClient" type= "MySql.Data.MySqlClient.MySqlProviderServices, MySql.Data.Entity.EF6, Version=6.9.8.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=c5687fc88969c44d" > </provider> </providers> </entityFramework> <system.data> <DbProviderFactories> <remove invariant= "MySql.Data.MySqlClient" /> < add name = "MySQL Data Provider" invariant= "MySql.Data.MySqlClient" description= ".Net Framework Data Provider for MySQL" type= "MySql.Data.MySqlClient.MySqlClientFactory, MySql.Data, Version=6.9.8.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=c5687fc88969c44d" /> </DbProviderFactories> </system.data> <connectionStrings> < add name = "MyContext" connectionString= "Data Source=localhost;port=3306;Initial Catalog=MySQL_EF;user id=root;password=root;" providerName= "MySql.Data.MySqlClient" /> </connectionStrings> </configuration> |
最后,运行程序,完成数据库自动创建
常见问题
•出现错误提示: Specified key was too long;max key length is 767 bytes
1)查看实体的字符串类型属性是否设置了长度
2)MyContext 类中是否声明为生成为mysql 数据类型的 [DbConfigurationType(typeof(MySqlEFConfiguration))]
•出现错误提示: Model compatibility cannot be checked because the database does not contain model metadata
删除已生成的数据库后重新运行程序
•出现错误提示:序列不包含任何匹配元素
检查一下:
例如:1.
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public class Employee { [ Key ] public int EmployeeId { get; set ; } public string Name { get; set ; } [ForeignKey( "ManagerId" )] public Employee Manager { get; set ; } public int ManagerId { get; set ; } }[ForeignKey( "ManagerId" )] public Employee Manager { get; set ; } public int ManagerId { get; set ; }这个外键设置。 |
2.[Column(TypeName="VARCHAR(254)")] public string ColumnName { get; set; } 这样的定义,改成: [MaxLength(254)] [Column(TypeName="VARCHAR")] public string ColumnName { get; set; }3.(以下代码未测试,因为我不是这样用的,在下篇文章中将进行测试)
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modelBuilder.Entity<Category>() .HasKey(c => c.IdCategory ) .HasOptional(p => p.Children) .WithMany() .HasForeignKey(c => c.ChildrenId); |
改成:
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modelBuilder.Entity<Category>() .HasKey(c => c.IdCategory ) .HasMany(p => p.Children) .WithOptional() .HasForeignKey(c => c.ChildrenId); |
.WithMany()换成.WithOptional()
以上所述是小编给大家介绍的在EF中使用MySQL的方法及常见问题的全部叙述,希望对大家有所帮助,如果大家有任何疑问请给我留言,小编会及时回复大家的。在此也非常感谢大家对服务器之家网站的支持!
原文链接:http://www.cnblogs.com/xiaof2000/archive/2016/06/27/efmysql.html