步骤:
1. 掌握几种对象及其关系
2. 了解每类对象的基本操作方法
3. 通过转化关系转化
涉及对象
1. datetime
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>>> import datetime>>> now = datetime.datetime.now()>>> nowdatetime.datetime(2018, 1, 12, 23, 9, 12, 946118)>>> type(now)<type 'datetime.datetime'> |
2. timestamp
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>>> import time>>> time.time()1421075455.568243 |
3. time tuple
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>>> import time>>> time.localtime()time.struct_time(tm_year=2015, tm_mon=1, tm_mday=12, tm_hour=23, tm_min=10, tm_sec=30, tm_wday=0, tm_yday=12, tm_isdst=0) |
4. string
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>>> import datetime>>> datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")'2015-01-12 23:13:08' |
5. date
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>>> import datetime>>> datetime.datetime.now().date()datetime.date(2015, 1, 12) |
datetime基本操作
1. 获取当前datetime
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>>> import datetime>>> datetime.datetime.now()datetime.datetime(2015, 1, 12, 23, 26, 24, 475680) |
2. 获取当天date
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>>> datetime.date.today()datetime.date(2015, 1, 12) |
3. 获取明天/前N天
明天
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>>> datetime.date.today() + datetime.timedelta(days=1)datetime.date(2015, 1, 13) |
三天前
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>>> datetime.datetime.now()datetime.datetime(2015, 1, 12, 23, 38, 55, 492226)>>> datetime.datetime.now() - datetime.timedelta(days=3)datetime.datetime(2015, 1, 9, 23, 38, 57, 59363) |
4. 获取当天开始和结束时间(00:00:00 23:59:59)
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>>> datetime.datetime.combine(datetime.date.today(), datetime.time.min)datetime.datetime(2015, 1, 12, 0, 0)>>> datetime.datetime.combine(datetime.date.today(), datetime.time.max)datetime.datetime(2015, 1, 12, 23, 59, 59, 999999) |
5. 获取两个datetime的时间差
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>>> (datetime.datetime(2015,1,13,12,0,0) - datetime.datetime.now()).total_seconds()44747.768075 |
6. 获取本周/本月/上月最后一天
本周
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>>> today = datetime.date.today()>>> todaydatetime.date(2015, 1, 12)>>> sunday = today + datetime.timedelta(6 - today.weekday())>>> sundaydatetime.date(2015, 1, 18) |
本月
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>>> import calendar>>> today = datetime.date.today()>>> _, last_day_num = calendar.monthrange(today.year, today.month)>>> last_day = datetime.date(today.year, today.month, last_day_num)>>> last_daydatetime.date(2015, 1, 31) |
获取上个月的最后一天(可能跨年)
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>>> import datetime>>> today = datetime.date.today()>>> first = datetime.date(day=1, month=today.month, year=today.year)>>> lastMonth = first - datetime.timedelta(days=1) |
关系转换
几个关系之间的转化
Datetime Object / String / timestamp / time tuple
关系转换例子
datetime <=> string
datetime -> string
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>>> import datetime>>> datetime.datetime.now().strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")'2015-01-12 23:13:08' |
string -> datetime
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>>> import datetime>>> datetime.datetime.strptime("2014-12-31 18:20:10", "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")datetime.datetime(2014, 12, 31, 18, 20, 10) |
datetime <=> timetuple
datetime -> timetuple
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>>> import datetime>>> datetime.datetime.now().timetuple()time.struct_time(tm_year=2015, tm_mon=1, tm_mday=12, tm_hour=23, tm_min=17, tm_sec=59, tm_wday=0, tm_yday=12, tm_isdst=-1) |
timetuple -> datetime
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timetuple => timestamp => datetime [看后面datetime<=>timestamp] |
datetime <=> date
datetime -> date
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>>> import datetime>>> datetime.datetime.now().date()datetime.date(2015, 1, 12) |
date -> datetime
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>>> datetime.date.today()datetime.date(2015, 1, 12)>>> today = datetime.date.today()>>> datetime.datetime.combine(today, datetime.time())datetime.datetime(2015, 1, 12, 0, 0)>>> datetime.datetime.combine(today, datetime.time.min)datetime.datetime(2015, 1, 12, 0, 0) |
datetime <=> timestamp
datetime -> timestamp
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>>> now = datetime.datetime.now()>>> timestamp = time.mktime(now.timetuple())>>> timestamp1421077403.0 |
timestamp -> datetime
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>>> datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(1421077403.0)datetime.datetime(2015, 1, 12, 23, 43, 23) |
这篇文章就介绍到这了，基本上都是python的关于日期时间操作的基础知识点，需要掌握好
原文链接：http://www.wklken.me/posts/2015/03/03/python-base-datetime.html#
