本文实例讲述了Python unittest模块用法。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：
python的unittest模块提供了一个测试框架，只要我们写一个继承unittest.TestCase的类，类中用setUp做初始化，用tearDown做清理。
主要用到的函数有：
failedinfo表示不成立打印信息failedinfo，为可选参数
self.fail([msg])会无条件的导致测试失败，不推荐使用。
self.assertEqual(value1, value2, failedinfo) # 断言value1 == value2
self.assertTrue(表达式, failedinfo) # 断言value为真
self.assertFalse(表达式, failedinfo) # 断言value为假
# 断言肯定发生异常，如果没发生异常，则为测试失败。
# 参数1为异常，参数二为抛出异常的调用对象，剩余参数为传递给可调用对象的参数。
self.assertRaises(ValueError, self.widget.resize, -1, -1)
调用时机的加self,如self.assertEqual(self.seq, range(10))，self.assertTrue(value > 100)
更详细的教程见：http://pyunit.sourceforge.net/pyunit_cn.html
Python代码：
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#coding=utf-8import randomimport unittestclass TestSequenceFunctions(unittest.TestCase): def setUp(self): self.seq = range(10) def test_shuffle(self): # make sure the shuffled sequence does not lose any elements random.shuffle(self.seq) self.seq.sort() self.assertEqual(self.seq, range(10)) # should raise an exception for an immutable sequence self.assertRaises(TypeError, random.shuffle, (1,2,3)) def test_choice(self): element = random.choice(self.seq) self.assertTrue(element in self.seq) def test_sample(self): with self.assertRaises(ValueError): random.sample(self.seq, 20) for element in random.sample(self.seq, 5): self.assertTrue(element in self.seq)results_fields = [ ("username", unicode), ("showid", unicode), ("total_pv", int), ("pubdate", unicode), ("tags", list), ("showname", unicode), ("pg", int), ("ext", str),]results_fields_map = dict(results_fields)class TestDictValueFormatFunctions(unittest.TestCase): def setUp(self): self.results = [{ "username": u"疯狂豆花", "showid": u"130e28f0fe0811e0a046", "total_pv": 14503214, "pubdate": u"2012-07-07 01:22:47", "tags": [ "轩辕剑", "天之痕" ], "showname" : u"轩辕剑之天之痕", "pg" : 1, "ext" : "mp4" } ] def test_format(self): self.assertTrue(isinstance(self.results, list), "self.results's type must be dict but got {0}".format(type(self.results))) for r in self.results: for f in results_fields_map: value = r.get(f, None) self.assertTrue(isinstance(value, results_fields_map[f]), u"{0}'s type must be {1} but got {2}".format(value, results_fields_map[f], type(value))) #self.assertTrue(isinstance(value, results_fields_map[f])) def test_value(self): for r in self.results: self.assertEqual(r["pg"], 1) self.assertEqual(r["ext"], u"mp4")if __name__ == '__main__': # unittest.main() # 用这个是最简单的，下面的用法可以同时测试多个类 # unittest.TextTestRunner(verbosity=2).run(suite1) # 这个等价于上述但可设置verbosity=2，省去了运行时加-v suite1 = unittest.TestLoader().loadTestsFromTestCase(TestSequenceFunctions) suite2 = unittest.TestLoader().loadTestsFromTestCase(TestDictValueFormatFunctions) suite = unittest.TestSuite([suite1, suite2]) unittest.TextTestRunner(verbosity=2).run(suite) |
运行结果：
test_choice (__main__.TestSequenceFunctions) ... ok
test_sample (__main__.TestSequenceFunctions) ... ok
test_shuffle (__main__.TestSequenceFunctions) ... ok
test_format (__main__.TestDictValueFormatFunctions) ... ok
test_value (__main__.TestDictValueFormatFunctions) ... ok----------------------------------------------------------------------
Ran 5 tests in 0.013sOK
希望本文所述对大家Python程序设计有所帮助。
原文链接：http://canlynet.iteye.com/blog/1671750
