python安装完毕后，提示找不到ssl模块：
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[www@pythontab.com ~]$ pythonpython 2.7.15 (default, oct 23 2018, 18:08:43) [gcc 4.4.7 20120313 (red hat 4.4.7-23)] on linux2type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.>>> import ssltraceback (most recent call last):file "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>file "/usr/local/python27/lib/python2.7/ssl.py", line 60, in <module>import _ssl # if we can't import it, let the error propagateimporterror: no module named _ssl>>> |
解决方法：
1. 查看openssl安装包，发现缺少openssl-devel包
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[www@pythontab.com ~]$ rpm -aq|grep opensslopenssl-0.9.8e-20.el5openssl-0.9.8e-20.el5[www@pythontab.com ~]$ |
2. yum安装openssl-devel
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[www@pythontab.com ~]$ yum install openssl-devel -y#查看安装结果[www@pythontab.com ~]$ rpm -aq|grep opensslopenssl-devel-1.0.1e-57.el6.x86_64openssl-1.0.1e-57.el6.x86_64 |
3. 重新编译python
修改setup文件
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vi /src/python-2.7.15/modules/setup |
修改结果如下：
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# socket module helper for socket(2)_socket socketmodule.c timemodule.c# socket module helper for ssl support; you must comment out the other# socket line above, and possibly edit the ssl variable:#ssl=/usr/local/ssl_ssl _ssl.c \-duse_ssl -i$(ssl)/include -i$(ssl)/include/openssl \-l$(ssl)/lib -lssl -lcrypto |
4. 重新编译
进入源码目录，重新编译安装
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[www@pythontab.com ~]$ cd /src/python-2.7.15/[www@pythontab.com ~]$ make[www@pythontab.com ~]$ make install |
5. 测试，已可正常使用。
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[www@pythontab.com ~]$ pythonpython 2.7.15 (default, oct 23 2018, 19:08:43)[gcc 4.4.7 20120313 (red hat 4.4.7-23)] on linux2type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.>>> import ssl>>> |
注：如需保留旧版本的就不需要执行 6 .7两部
6 重命名旧版本的python依赖
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ll /usr/bin | grep pythonmv /usr/bin/python /usr/bin/python2.7 |
7 删除旧的软链接，创建新的软链接到最新的python
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rm -rf /usr/bin/pythonln -s /usr/local/bin/python3.6 /usr/bin/pythonpython -v |
使用yum命令报错file "/usr/bin/yum", line 30 except keyboardinterrupt, e:
问题出现原因：
yum包管理是使用python2.x写的，将python2.x升级到python3.1.3以后，由于python版本语法兼容性导致问题出现
解决办法：
修改yum配置文件，将python版本指向以前的旧版本
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# vi /usr/bin/yum#!/usr/bin/python2.7修改urlgrabber-ext-down文件，更改python版本# vi /usr/libexec/urlgrabber-ext-down#!/usr/bin/python2.7could not fetch url https://pypi.python.org/simple/six/: there was a problem confirming the ssl certificate: can't connect to https url because the ssl module is not available. - skipping |
如需安装pip
下载相关文件
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curl https://bootstrap.pypa.io/get-pip.py -o get-pip.py |
执行
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/usr/local/python/bin/python3 get-pip.py |
添加环境变量
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vim ~/.bash_profile |
添加下面这条参数
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export path=/usr/local/python/bin:$path |
保存
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source ~/.bash_profile |
测试
执行
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[root@huo ~]# python3python 3.6.5 (default, apr 1 2018, 20:41:34)[gcc 4.8.5 20150623 (red hat 4.8.5-16)] on linuxtype "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.>>> |
执行脚本如下:
vim install_python.sh
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#!/bin/bashecho "正在安装相关组件"yum install -y openssl-devel bzip2-devel expat-devel gdbm-devel readline-devel sqlite-devel gcc-c++ gcc openssl-devel echo "下载安装包"wget https://www.python.org/ftp/python/3.6.5/python-3.6.5.tgz echo "正在解压安装包"tar -xf python-3.6.5.tgz -c /root/ && cd /root/python-3.6.5/ echo "添加ssl支持"cat >> /root/python-3.6.5/modules/setup.dist <<"eof"_socket socketmodule.c ssl=/usr/local/ssl_ssl _ssl.c \-duse_ssl -i$(ssl)/include -i$(ssl)/include/openssl \-l$(ssl)/lib -lssl -lcryptoeof echo "正在编译安装python"./configure --prefix=/usr/local/python && make && make installcd /root echo "删除安装包"rm -rf /root/python-3.6.5.tgz && rm -rf /root/python-3.6.5 echo "正在添加环境变量"echo "export path=/usr/local/python/bin:$path">> ~/.bash_profilesource ~/.bash_profile echo "安装完成,请执行python3进行测试" |
以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持服务器之家。
原文链接：https://www.pythontab.com/html/2018/pythonjichu_1024/1366.html
