Pygame做一期吃豆子游戏的示例代码

Pygame的历史

Pygame是一个利用SDL库的写就的游戏库，SDL呢，全名Simple DirectMedia Layer，是一位叫做Sam Lantinga的大牛写的，据说他为了让Loki（致力于向Linux上移植Windows的游戏的一家大好人公司，可惜已经倒闭，唉好人不长命啊……）更有效的工作，创造了这个东东。

SDL是用C写的，不过它也可以使用C++进行开发，当然还有很多其它的语言，Pygame就是Python中使用它的一个库。Pygame已经存在很多时间了，许多优秀的程序员加入其中，把Pygame做得越来越好。

开发工具：

Python版本：3.6.4
相关模块：
pygame模块；
以及一些Python自带的模块。

安装Python并添加到环境变量，
pip安装需要的相关模块即可。

游戏简介：

玩家通过↑↓←→键控制游戏的主角吃豆人吃掉藏在迷宫内的所有豆子，并且不能被鬼魂抓到。
若能顺利吃完迷宫内的所有豆子并且不被鬼魂抓到，则游戏胜利，否则游戏失败。

Step1：定义游戏精灵类

① 墙类：

② 食物类：

③ 角色类：

角色类包括吃豆人和鬼魂，鬼魂由电脑控制其运动轨迹，吃豆人由玩家控制其运动轨迹。
显然，其均需具备更新角色位置和改变角色运动方向的能力，其源代码如下：

Step2：设计游戏地图

① 创建墙：

② 创建门：

③ 创建角色：

④ 创建食物：

Step3：设计游戏主循环

接下来开始设计游戏主循环。首先是初始化：

然后定义主函数：

其中startLevelGame函数用于开始某一关游戏，其源代码如下：

showText函数用于在游戏结束或关卡切换时在游戏界面中显示提示性文字，其源代码如下：

源代码：

1. #吃豆子
2. import os,sys
3. import sys
4. import pygame
5. import random
6. BLACK = (0, 0, 0)
7. WHITE = (255, 255, 255)
8. BLUE = (0, 0, 255)
9. GREEN = (0, 255, 0)
10. RED = (255, 0, 0)
11. YELLOW = (255, 255, 0)
12. PURPLE = (255, 0, 255)
13. SKYBLUE = (0, 191, 255)
14. if getattr(sys, 'frozen', False):
15. cur_path = sys._MEIPASS
16. else:
17. cur_path = os.path.dirname(__file__)
18. BGMPATH = os.path.join(cur_path, 'resources/sounds/bg.mp3')
19. ICONPATH = os.path.join(cur_path,'resources/images/icon.png')
20. FONTPATH = os.path.join(cur_path,'resources/font/ALGER.TTF')
21. HEROPATH = os.path.join(cur_path,'resources/images/pacman.png')
22. BlinkyPATH = os.path.join(cur_path,'resources/images/Blinky.png')
23. ClydePATH = os.path.join(cur_path,'resources/images/Clyde.png')
24. InkyPATH = os.path.join(cur_path,'resources/images/Inky.png')
25. PinkyPATH = os.path.join(cur_path,'resources/images/Pinky.png')
26. NUMLEVELS = 1
27. class Wall(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
28. def __init__(self, x, y, width, height, color, **kwargs):
29. pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)
30. self.image = pygame.Surface([width, height])
31. self.image.fill(color)
32. self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
33. self.rect.left = x
34. self.rect.top = y
35. class Food(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
36. def __init__(self, x, y, width, height, color, bg_color, **kwargs):
37. pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)
38. self.image = pygame.Surface([width, height])
39. self.image.fill(bg_color)
40. self.image.set_colorkey(bg_color)
41. pygame.draw.ellipse(self.image, color, [0, 0, width, height])
42. self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
43. self.rect.left = x
44. self.rect.top = y
45. class Player(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
46. def __init__(self, x, y, role_image_path):
47. pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)
48. self.role_name = role_image_path.split('/')[-1].split('.')[0]
49. self.base_image = pygame.image.load(role_image_path).convert()
50. self.image = self.base_image.copy()
51. self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
52. self.rect.left = x
53. self.rect.top = y
54. self.prev_x = x
55. self.prev_y = y
56. self.base_speed = [30, 30]
57. self.speed = [0, 0]
58. self.is_move = False
59. self.tracks = []
60. self.tracks_loc = [0, 0]
61. def changeSpeed(self, direction):
62. if direction[0] < 0:
63. self.image = pygame.transform.flip(self.base_image, True, False)
64. elif direction[0] > 0:
65. self.image = self.base_image.copy()
66. elif direction[1] < 0:
67. self.image = pygame.transform.rotate(self.base_image, 90)
68. elif direction[1] > 0:
69. self.image = pygame.transform.rotate(self.base_image, -90)
70. self.speed = [direction[0] * self.base_speed[0], direction[1] * self.base_speed[1]]
71. return self.speed
72. def update(self, wall_sprites, gate_sprites):
73. if not self.is_move:
74. return False
75. x_prev = self.rect.left
76. y_prev = self.rect.top
77. self.rect.left += self.speed[0]
78. self.rect.top += self.speed[1]
79. is_collide = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(self, wall_sprites, False)
80. if gate_sprites is not None:
81. if not is_collide:
82. is_collide = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(self, gate_sprites, False)
83. if is_collide:
84. self.rect.left = x_prev
85. self.rect.top = y_prev
86. return False
87. return True
88. def randomDirection(self):
89. return random.choice([[-0.5, 0], [0.5, 0], [0, 0.5], [0, -0.5]])
90. class Level1():
91. def __init__(self):
92. self.info = 'level1'
93. def setupWalls(self, wall_color):
94. self.wall_sprites = pygame.sprite.Group()
95. wall_positions = [[0, 0, 6, 600],
96. [0, 0, 600, 6],
97. [0, 600, 606, 6],
98. [600, 0, 6, 606],
99. [300, 0, 6, 66],
100. [60, 60, 186, 6],
101. [360, 60, 186, 6],
102. [60, 120, 66, 6],
103. [60, 120, 6, 126],
104. [180, 120, 246, 6],
105. [300, 120, 6, 66],
106. [480, 120, 66, 6],
107. [540, 120, 6, 126],
108. [120, 180, 126, 6],
109. [120, 180, 6, 126],
110. [360, 180, 126, 6],
111. [480, 180, 6, 126],
112. [180, 240, 6, 126],
113. [180, 360, 246, 6],
114. [420, 240, 6, 126],
115. [240, 240, 42, 6],
116. [324, 240, 42, 6],
117. [240, 240, 6, 66],
118. [240, 300, 126, 6],
119. [360, 240, 6, 66],
120. [0, 300, 66, 6],
121. [540, 300, 66, 6],
122. [60, 360, 66, 6],
123. [60, 360, 6, 186],
124. [480, 360, 66, 6],
125. [540, 360, 6, 186],
126. [120, 420, 366, 6],
127. [120, 420, 6, 66],
128. [480, 420, 6, 66],
129. [180, 480, 246, 6],
130. [300, 480, 6, 66],
131. [120, 540, 126, 6],
132. [360, 540, 126, 6]]
133. for wall_position in wall_positions:
134. wall = Wall(*wall_position, wall_color)
135. self.wall_sprites.add(wall)
136. return self.wall_sprites
137. def setupGate(self, gate_color):
138. self.gate_sprites = pygame.sprite.Group()
139. self.gate_sprites.add(Wall(282, 242, 42, 2, gate_color))
140. return self.gate_sprites
141. def setupPlayers(self, hero_image_path, ghost_images_path):
142. self.hero_sprites = pygame.sprite.Group()
143. self.ghost_sprites = pygame.sprite.Group()
144. self.hero_sprites.add(Player(287, 439, hero_image_path))
145. for each in ghost_images_path:
146. role_name = each.split('/')[-1].split('.')[0]
147. if role_name == 'Blinky':
148. player = Player(287, 199, each)
149. player.is_move = True
150. player.tracks = [[0, -0.5, 4], [0.5, 0, 9], [0, 0.5, 11], [0.5, 0, 3], [0, 0.5, 7], [-0.5, 0, 11], [0, 0.5, 3],
151. [0.5, 0, 15], [0, -0.5, 15], [0.5, 0, 3], [0, -0.5, 11], [-0.5, 0, 3], [0, -0.5, 11], [-0.5, 0, 3],
152. [0, -0.5, 3], [-0.5, 0, 7], [0, -0.5, 3], [0.5, 0, 15], [0, 0.5, 15], [-0.5, 0, 3], [0, 0.5, 3],
153. [-0.5, 0, 3], [0, -0.5, 7], [-0.5, 0, 3], [0, 0.5, 7], [-0.5, 0, 11], [0, -0.5, 7], [0.5, 0, 5]]
154. self.ghost_sprites.add(player)
155. elif role_name == 'Clyde':
156. player = Player(319, 259, each)
157. player.is_move = True
158. player.tracks = [[-1, 0, 2], [0, -0.5, 4], [0.5, 0, 5], [0, 0.5, 7], [-0.5, 0, 11], [0, -0.5, 7],
159. [-0.5, 0, 3], [0, 0.5, 7], [-0.5, 0, 7], [0, 0.5, 15], [0.5, 0, 15], [0, -0.5, 3],
160. [-0.5, 0, 11], [0, -0.5, 7], [0.5, 0, 3], [0, -0.5, 11], [0.5, 0, 9]]
161. self.ghost_sprites.add(player)
162. elif role_name == 'Inky':
163. player = Player(255, 259, each)
164. player.is_move = True
165. player.tracks = [[1, 0, 2], [0, -0.5, 4], [0.5, 0, 10], [0, 0.5, 7], [0.5, 0, 3], [0, -0.5, 3],
166. [0.5, 0, 3], [0, -0.5, 15], [-0.5, 0, 15], [0, 0.5, 3], [0.5, 0, 15], [0, 0.5, 11],
167. [-0.5, 0, 3], [0, -0.5, 7], [-0.5, 0, 11], [0, 0.5, 3], [-0.5, 0, 11], [0, 0.5, 7],
168. [-0.5, 0, 3], [0, -0.5, 3], [-0.5, 0, 3], [0, -0.5, 15], [0.5, 0, 15], [0, 0.5, 3],
169. [-0.5, 0, 15], [0, 0.5, 11], [0.5, 0, 3], [0, -0.5, 11], [0.5, 0, 11], [0, 0.5, 3], [0.5, 0, 1]]
170. self.ghost_sprites.add(player)
171. elif role_name == 'Pinky':
172. player = Player(287, 259, each)
173. player.is_move = True
174. player.tracks = [[0, -1, 4], [0.5, 0, 9], [0, 0.5, 11], [-0.5, 0, 23], [0, 0.5, 7], [0.5, 0, 3],
175. [0, -0.5, 3], [0.5, 0, 19], [0, 0.5, 3], [0.5, 0, 3], [0, 0.5, 3], [0.5, 0, 3],
176. [0, -0.5, 15], [-0.5, 0, 7], [0, 0.5, 3], [-0.5, 0, 19], [0, -0.5, 11], [0.5, 0, 9]]
177. self.ghost_sprites.add(player)
178. return self.hero_sprites, self.ghost_sprites
179. def setupFood(self, food_color, bg_color):
180. self.food_sprites = pygame.sprite.Group()
181. for row in range(19):
182. for col in range(19):
183. if (row == 7 or row == 8) and (col == 8 or col == 9 or col == 10):
184. continue
185. else:
186. food = Food(30*col+32, 30*row+32, 4, 4, food_color, bg_color)
187. is_collide = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(food, self.wall_sprites, False)
188. if is_collide:
189. continue
190. is_collide = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(food, self.hero_sprites, False)
191. if is_collide:
192. continue
193. self.food_sprites.add(food)
194. return self.food_sprites
195. def startLevelGame(level, screen, font):
196. clock = pygame.time.Clock()
197. SCORE = 0
198. wall_sprites = level.setupWalls(SKYBLUE)
199. gate_sprites = level.setupGate(WHITE)
200. hero_sprites, ghost_sprites = level.setupPlayers(HEROPATH, [BlinkyPATH, ClydePATH, InkyPATH, PinkyPATH])
201. food_sprites = level.setupFood(YELLOW, WHITE)
202. is_clearance = False
203. while True:
204. for event in pygame.event.get():
205. if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
206. pygame.quit()
207. sys.exit(-1)
208. if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
209. if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
210. for hero in hero_sprites:
211. hero.changeSpeed([-1, 0])
212. hero.is_move = True
213. elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
214. for hero in hero_sprites:
215. hero.changeSpeed([1, 0])
216. hero.is_move = True
217. elif event.key == pygame.K_UP:
218. for hero in hero_sprites:
219. hero.changeSpeed([0, -1])
220. hero.is_move = True
221. elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
222. for hero in hero_sprites:
223. hero.changeSpeed([0, 1])
224. hero.is_move = True
225. if event.type == pygame.KEYUP:
226. if (event.key == pygame.K_LEFT) or (event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT) or (event.key == pygame.K_UP) or (event.key == pygame.K_DOWN):
227. hero.is_move = False
228. screen.fill(BLACK)
229. for hero in hero_sprites:
230. hero.update(wall_sprites, gate_sprites)
231. hero_sprites.draw(screen)
232. for hero in hero_sprites:
233. food_eaten = pygame.sprite.spritecollide(hero, food_sprites, True)
234. SCORE += len(food_eaten)
235. wall_sprites.draw(screen)
236. gate_sprites.draw(screen)
237. food_sprites.draw(screen)
238. for ghost in ghost_sprites:
239. if ghost.tracks_loc[1] < ghost.tracks[ghost.tracks_loc[0]][2]:
240. ghost.changeSpeed(ghost.tracks[ghost.tracks_loc[0]][0: 2])
241. ghost.tracks_loc[1] += 1
242. else:
243. if ghost.tracks_loc[0] < len(ghost.tracks) - 1:
244. ghost.tracks_loc[0] += 1
245. elif ghost.role_name == 'Clyde':
246. ghost.tracks_loc[0] = 2
247. else:
248. ghost.tracks_loc[0] = 0
249. ghost.changeSpeed(ghost.tracks[ghost.tracks_loc[0]][0: 2])
250. ghost.tracks_loc[1] = 0
251. if ghost.tracks_loc[1] < ghost.tracks[ghost.tracks_loc[0]][2]:
252. ghost.changeSpeed(ghost.tracks[ghost.tracks_loc[0]][0: 2])
253. else:
254. if ghost.tracks_loc[0] < len(ghost.tracks) - 1:
255. loc0 = ghost.tracks_loc[0] + 1
256. elif ghost.role_name == 'Clyde':
257. loc0 = 2
258. else:
259. loc0 = 0
260. ghost.changeSpeed(ghost.tracks[loc0][0: 2])
261. ghost.update(wall_sprites, None)
262. ghost_sprites.draw(screen)
263. score_text = font.render("Score: %s" % SCORE, True, RED)
264. screen.blit(score_text, [10, 10])
265. if len(food_sprites) == 0:
266. is_clearance = True
267. break
268. if pygame.sprite.groupcollide(hero_sprites, ghost_sprites, False, False):
269. is_clearance = False
270. break
271. pygame.display.flip()
272. clock.tick(10)
273. return is_clearance
274. def showText(screen, font, is_clearance, flag=False):
275. clock = pygame.time.Clock()
276. msg = 'Game Over!' if not is_clearance else 'Congratulations, you won!'
277. positions = [[235, 233], [65, 303], [170, 333]] if not is_clearance else [[145, 233], [65, 303], [170, 333]]
278. surface = pygame.Surface((400, 200))
279. surface.set_alpha(10)
280. surface.fill((128, 128, 128))
281. screen.blit(surface, (100, 200))
282. texts = [font.render(msg, True, WHITE),
283. font.render('Press ENTER to continue or play again.', True, WHITE),
284. font.render('Press ESCAPE to quit.', True, WHITE)]
285. while True:
286. for event in pygame.event.get():
287. if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
288. pygame.quit()
289. sys.exit(-1)
290. if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
291. if event.key == pygame.K_RETURN:
292. if is_clearance:
293. if not flag:
294. return
295. else:
296. main(initialize())
297. else:
298. main(initialize())
299. elif event.key == pygame.K_ESCAPE:
300. pygame.quit()
301. sys.exit(-1)
302. for idx, (text, position) in enumerate(zip(texts, positions)):
303. screen.blit(text, position)
304. pygame.display.flip()
305. clock.tick(10)
306.  
307. def initialize():
308. pygame.init()
309. icon_image = pygame.image.load(ICONPATH)
310. pygame.display.set_icon(icon_image)
311. screen = pygame.display.set_mode([606, 606])
312. pygame.display.set_caption('吃豆子')
313. return screen
314.  
315. def main(screen):
316. try:
317. pygame.mixer.init()
318. pygame.mixer.music.load(BGMPATH)
319. pygame.mixer.music.play(-1, 0.0)
320. except:
321. pass
322. pygame.font.init()
323. font_small = pygame.font.Font(FONTPATH, 18)
324. font_big = pygame.font.Font(FONTPATH, 24)
325. for num_level in range(1, NUMLEVELS+1):
326. if num_level == 1:
327. level = Level1()
328. is_clearance = startLevelGame(level, screen, font_small)
329. if num_level == NUMLEVELS:
330. showText(screen, font_big, is_clearance, True)
331. else:
332. showText(screen, font_big, is_clearance)
333. if __name__ == "__main__":
334. main(initialize())

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原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_45414559/article/details/105860034