python爬取新闻门户网站的示例_Python

项目地址：

https://github.com/Python3Spiders/AllNewsSpider

如何使用

每个文件夹下的代码就是对应平台的新闻爬虫

py 文件直接运行
pyd 文件需要，假设为 pengpai_news_spider.pyd

将 pyd 文件下载到本地，新建项目，把 pyd 文件放进去

项目根目录下新建 runner.py，写入以下代码即可运行并抓取

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									import pengpai_news_spider

									pengpai_news_spider.main()

示例代码

百度新闻

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									# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

									# 文件备注信息       如果遇到打不开的情况，可以先在浏览器打开一下百度搜索引擎

									import requests

									from datetime import datetime, timedelta

									from lxml import etree

									import csv

									import os

									from time import sleep

									from random import randint

									def parseTime(unformatedTime):

									    if '分钟' in unformatedTime:

									        minute = unformatedTime[:unformatedTime.find('分钟')]

									        minute = timedelta(minutes=int(minute))

									        return (datetime.now() -

									                minute).strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M')

									    elif '小时' in unformatedTime:

									        hour = unformatedTime[:unformatedTime.find('小时')]

									        hour = timedelta(hours=int(hour))

									        return (datetime.now() -

									                hour).strftime('%Y-%m-%d %H:%M')

									    else:

									        return unformatedTime

									def dealHtml(html):

									    results = html.xpath('//div[@class="result-op c-container xpath-log new-pmd"]')

									    saveData = []

									    for result in results:

									        title = result.xpath('.//h3/a')[0]

									        title = title.xpath('string(.)').strip()

									        summary = result.xpath('.//span[@class="c-font-normal c-color-text"]')[0]

									        summary = summary.xpath('string(.)').strip()

									        # ./ 是直接下级，.// 是直接/间接下级

									        infos = result.xpath('.//div[@class="news-source"]')[0]

									        source, dateTime = infos.xpath(".//span[last()-1]/text()")[0], \

									                           infos.xpath(".//span[last()]/text()")[0]

									        dateTime = parseTime(dateTime)

									        print('标题', title)

									        print('来源', source)

									        print('时间', dateTime)

									        print('概要', summary)

									        print('\n')

									        saveData.append({

									            'title': title,

									            'source': source,

									            'time': dateTime,

									            'summary': summary

									        })

									    with open(fileName, 'a+', encoding='utf-8-sig', newline='') as f:

									        writer = csv.writer(f)

									        for row in saveData:

									            writer.writerow([row['title'], row['source'], row['time'], row['summary']])

									headers = {

									    'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/75.0.3770.142 Safari/537.36',

									    'Referer': 'https://www.baidu.com/s?rtt=1&bsst=1&cl=2&tn=news&word=%B0%D9%B6%C8%D0%C2%CE%C5&fr=zhidao'

									}

									url = 'https://www.baidu.com/s'

									params = {

									    'ie': 'utf-8',

									    'medium': 0,

									    # rtt=4 按时间排序 rtt=1 按焦点排序

									    'rtt': 1,

									    'bsst': 1,

									    'rsv_dl': 'news_t_sk',

									    'cl': 2,

									    'tn': 'news',

									    'rsv_bp': 1,

									    'oq': '',

									    'rsv_btype': 't',

									    'f': 8,

									}

									def doSpider(keyword, sortBy = 'focus'):

									    '''

									    :param keyword: 搜索关键词

									    :param sortBy: 排序规则，可选：focus(按焦点排序），time(按时间排序），默认 focus

									    :return:

									    '''

									    global fileName

									    fileName = '{}.csv'.format(keyword)

									    if not os.path.exists(fileName):

									        with open(fileName, 'w+', encoding='utf-8-sig', newline='') as f:

									            writer = csv.writer(f)

									            writer.writerow(['title', 'source', 'time', 'summary'])

									    params['wd'] = keyword

									    if sortBy == 'time':

									        params['rtt'] = 4

									    response = requests.get(url=url, params=params, headers=headers)

									    html = etree.HTML(response.text)

									    dealHtml(html)

									    total = html.xpath('//div[@id="header_top_bar"]/span/text()')[0]

									    total = total.replace(',', '')

									    total = int(total[7:-1])

									    pageNum = total // 10

									    for page in range(1, pageNum):

									        print('第 {} 页\n\n'.format(page))

									        headers['Referer'] = response.url

									        params['pn'] = page * 10

									        response = requests.get(url=url, headers=headers, params=params)

									        html = etree.HTML(response.text)

									        dealHtml(html)

									        sleep(randint(2, 4))

									    ...

									if __name__ == "__main__":

									    doSpider(keyword = '马保国', sortBy='focus')