初入Python,一开始就被她简介的语法所吸引,代码简洁优雅,之前在C#里面打开文件写入文件等操作相比Python复杂多了,而Python打开、修改和保存文件显得简单得多。
1、打开文件的例子:
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file = open ( 'D:\\Python\\untitled\\Hello.txt' , 'r' ,encoding = 'utf-8' ) data = file .read() print (data) file .close() |
2、利用urllib库请求页面进行简单的翻译,请求百度翻译,将要翻译的内容当做参数传给百度,然后将结果赋值给参数,最后打印出来:
上代码:
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import urllib.request import urllib.parse import json content = input ( "=====请输入您要翻译的内容:=====\n" ) url = ' http://fanyi.baidu.com/v2transapi ' data = {} data[ 'from' ] = 'zh' data[ 'to' ] = 'en' data[ 'transtype' ] = 'translang' data[ 'simple_means_flag' ] = '3' data[ 'query' ] = content data = urllib.parse.urlencode(data).encode( 'utf-8' ) response = urllib.request.urlopen(url,data) html = response.read().decode( 'utf-8' ) target = json.loads(html) print ( "翻译结果为:%s" % (target[ 'trans_result' ][ 'data' ][ 0 ][ 'dst' ])) |
实现效果如图:
实现代码很简单,下面再分享下urllib库的一些用法。
urlopen 语法
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urllib.request.urlopen(url,data = None ,[timeout,] * ,cafile = None ,capath = None ,cadefault = False ,context = None ) #url:访问的网址 #data:额外的数据,如header,form data |
用法
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# request:GET import urllib.request response = urllib.request.urlopen( ' http://www.baidu.com ' ) print (response.read().decode( 'utf-8' )) # request: POST # http测试: http://httpbin.org/ import urllib.parse import urllib.request data = bytes(urllib.parse.urlencode({ 'word' : 'hello' }),encoding = 'utf8' ) response = urllib.request.urlopen( ' http://httpbin.org/post ' ,data = data) print (response.read()) # 超时设置 import urllib.request response = urllib.request.urlopen( ' http://httpbin.org/get ' ,timeout = 1 ) print (response.read()) import socket import urllib.request import urllib.error try : response = urllib.request.urlopen( ' http://httpbin.org/get ' ,timeout = 0.1 ) except urllib.error.URLError as e: if isinstance (e.reason,socket.timeout): print ( 'TIME OUT' ) |
响应
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# 响应类型 import urllib. open response = urllib.request.urlopen( ' https:///www.python.org ' ) print ( type (response)) # 状态码, 响应头 import urllib.request response = urllib.request.urlopen( ' https://www.python.org ' ) print (response.status) print (response.getheaders()) print (response.getheader( 'Server' )) |
Request
声明一个request对象,该对象可以包括header等信息,然后用urlopen打开。
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# 简单例子 import urllib.request request = urllib.request.Requests( ' https://python.org ' ) response = urllib.request.urlopen(request) print (response.read().decode( 'utf-8' )) # 增加header from urllib import request, parse url = ' http://httpbin.org/post ' headers = { 'User-Agent' : 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/57.0.2987.133 Safari/537.36' 'Host' : 'httpbin.org' } # 构造POST表格 dict = { 'name' : 'Germey' } data = bytes(parse.urlencode( dict ),encoding = 'utf8' ) req = request.Request(url = url,data = data,headers = headers,method = 'POST' ) response = request.urlopen(req) print (response.read()).decode( 'utf-8' ) # 或者随后增加header from urllib import request, parse url = ' http://httpbin.org/post ' dict = { 'name' : 'Germey' } req = request.Request(url = url,data = data,method = 'POST' ) req.add_hader( 'User-Agent' : 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/57.0.2987.133 Safari/537.36' ) response = request.urlopen(req) print (response.read().decode( 'utf-8' )) |
总结
以上就是本文关于Python实现句子翻译功能的全部内容,希望对大家有所帮助。如有不足之处,欢迎留言指出。
原文链接:http://www.cnblogs.com/wmy-blog/p/7828311.html